Article
Water Resources
Kelly Meza Prado, Leah L. Bremer, Sara Nelson, Kate A. Brauman, Amalia Morales Vargas, Rachelle K. Gould
Summary: The expansion of water funds and watershed investment programs worldwide has led to a growing interest in designing equitable programs that benefit both upstream and downstream participants. However, existing communication materials tend to focus on downstream actors, neglecting the perspectives of upstream participants. By collaborating with a water fund and a river users association in Colombia to co-produce a website, the study highlights the importance of understanding and addressing the motivations and challenges of upstream actors for program success.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY WATER RESEARCH & EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sheretta T. Butler-Barnes
Summary: This study examined the impact of COVID-19 stress and experiences of racism on COVID-19 adaptability and activism among Black youth. The findings showed that social support from adults increased adaptability among Black youth, while lower social support from adults predicted higher engagement in high-risk activism. Higher levels of peer social support were associated with higher levels of high-risk activism. Furthermore, Black youth reporting higher levels of racism and adult social support were more likely to report higher levels of COVID-19 adaptability, and those reporting higher levels of racism and peer social support engaged in high-risk activism.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peter Hietz, Katrin Wagner, Flavio Nunes Ramos, Juliano Sarmento Cabral, Claudia Agudelo, Ana Maria Benavides, Manuel Jesus Cach-Perez, Catherine L. Cardelus, Nahlleli Chilpa Galvan, Lucas Erickson Nascimento da Costa, Rodolfo Paula Oliveira, Helena J. R. Einzmann, Rafael Paiva Farias, Valeria Guzman Jacob, Jens Kattge, Michael Kessler, Catherine Kirby, Holger Kreft, Thorsten Kroemer, Jamie Males, Samuel Monsalve Correa, Maria Moreno-Chacon, Gunnar Petter, Casandra Reyes-Garcia, Alfredo Saldana, David Schellenberger Costa, Amanda Taylor, Noe Velazquez Rosas, Wolfgang Wanek, Carrie L. Woods, Gerhard Zotz
Summary: Plant functional traits play a crucial role in determining the fitness and ecological niche of plants. Epiphytes, representing nearly 10% of vascular plants, exhibit distinct traits related to water relations compared to ground-rooted plants. Different major groups of epiphytes, such as orchids, bromeliads, and ferns, also show specific trait differences in stomatal characteristics, leaf structure, and nutrient concentrations. Epiphyte trait networks differ from those of ground-rooted plants, highlighting the unique ecological strategies of these plants.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Liu, Xin Peng, Mengyuan Shen, Qian Qian, Junlian Xing, Chen Li, Richard Gregory
Summary: The study developed two tools, Ribo-uORF and mRNAbrowse, for studying the function and gene expression regulation of uORFs, providing a comprehensive uORF data resource and an easy-to-use web interface. Additionally, uORFscan and UTR5var were developed for accurate identification of uORFs and analysis of the effects of genetic mutations.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhenhua Xu, Shenghe Wu, Dali Yue, Junshou Zhao, Meng Deng, Zhao Liu, Jiajia Zhang, Mingcheng Liu, Wenjie Feng
Summary: The study reveals that the morphology of digitate shallow-water deltas is significantly influenced by upstream conditions, with complex morphological parameters that can be elucidated through simulations. Four metrics can quantify these morphological differences, aiding in the prediction of sediment transport and distribution.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Melissa Sherman, Johanna Hripto, Erin K. Peck, Arthur J. Gold, Marc Peipoch, Paul Imhoff, Shreeram Inamdar
Summary: The study found that milldams have significant impacts on riparian groundwater gradients, flow directions, and mixing regimes, which vary under different hydrological conditions.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Naba R. Amgain, Charles H. Fontanier, Dennis L. Martin
Summary: The study assessed the short-term effects of air-injection cultivation (AIC), sand-injection cultivation (SIC), and hollow-tine cultivation (HTC) on playability characteristics and soil physical properties of putting greens. Results indicate that a single application of AIC or SIC has minimal short-term effects on soil physical properties or surface playability of putting greens.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amirhossein Montazeri, Mehdi Mazaheri, Saeed Morid, Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi
Summary: This study evaluated the water and soil resources in the lower parts of the Shatt al-Arab River area and assessed the impact of upstream activities on the river's water quality. The findings revealed that future changes in water flow will affect the water and soil quality in downstream riparian countries, highlighting the importance of participatory crisis mitigation strategies between upstream and downstream nations.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martin Calianno, Tarek Ben Fraj, Jean-Michel Fallot, Mohamed Abbassi, Aziza Ghram Messedi, Hedi Ben Ouezdou, Emmanuel Reynard
Summary: In the arid climate of Zmerten, two Jessour systems were observed over four agricultural years, showing different soil moisture profiles. The downstream Jessour had higher available water content during dry seasons, while the upstream soil experienced water stress. Threshold values of 50 mm cumulative rainfall and/or 6.4 mm/h intensity are proposed for activating the Jessour system in Zmerten.
Article
Mechanics
Farzad Rokhsar Talabazar, Mohammadamin Maleki, Araz Sheibani Aghdam, Dmitry Grishenkov, Morteza Ghorbani, Ali Kosar
Summary: The concept of hydrodynamic cavitation on a chip allows for easy generation of cavitating flows in microdomains and can be scaled up by arranging short microchannels in cascade formations. A new experimental test rig was constructed to generate microscale hydrodynamic cavitation, enabling cavitation bubble generation at low upstream pressures through control of downstream pressure. The study focused on flow pattern classification, scale effects, and cavitating flow evolutions, with attention to underlying mechanisms such as Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The outcome of this study makes hydrodynamic cavitation on a chip attractive for applications involving multiphase fluid flows where cavitation effects are desired.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Susanta Mahato, Geetanjali Pukhrambam, P. K. Joshi
Summary: This study investigates the impact of dams on the hydrological conditions and ecological functioning of wetlands downstream. The results show an increase in hydrological abundance and a decline in vegetation in Loktak Lake, indicating the need for dam management and planning to mitigate these impacts.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Daniel G. Kingston, Sarah M. Mager, Jessie Loft, Greg Underwood
Summary: Disentangling the meteorological and human drivers of drought is a critical challenge, requiring a combination of methods like developing hydrological models and using an upstream-downstream/observation-model approach. The study in New Zealand's Lindis River shows that irrigation-related abstractions have a substantial influence on river low flows, despite warm and dry summer conditions. Increases in precipitation associated with climate change could reduce dewatering, but water management strategy will play a significant role.
HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Da He, Xiaojuan Chen, Wang Zhao, Zhengqiang Zhu, Xiujuan Qi, Lianfeng Zhou, Wei Chen, Chengyan Wan, Dewang Li, Xi Zou, Nan Wu
Summary: This study investigated microplastic contamination in the Yangtze River using different sampling methods. The results showed that the Three Gorges Reservoir had significantly higher microplastic abundance, indicating a barrier effect of dams on microplastic distribution. Fragments dominated in trawling samples, while fibers dominated in filtering water samples.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tao Deng, Stuart Norris, Rajnish N. Sharma
Summary: In this study, side-wall sprinkler systems were used to redistribute the longitudinal air flow in road tunnels, with a notable acceleration near the ceiling. The aim was to utilize this acceleration effect to block smoke propagation in cases of sub-critical ventilation rate. CFD simulation and experiments validated this effect, and correlations between ventilation rate reduction and ceiling velocity increase were established.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Business, Finance
Peng-Chia Chiu, Lili Jiu, Po-Hsiang Yu
Summary: This study explores the impact of customers' issuance of financial forward-looking information on the investment efficiency of their upstream firms. The findings reveal that firms where customers disclose earnings forecasts exhibit higher investment efficiency compared to those where customers withhold forward-looking information. Further analyses indicate that the positive impact is stronger for customers providing more informative, disaggregated, and accurate forecasts, as well as for suppliers with weaker bargaining power. The study also highlights the importance of embedded supply chain relevant information in customers' earnings guidance reports for suppliers' investment efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND PUBLIC POLICY
(2022)
