Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Klisic, Dimitrios Patoulias
Summary: Discovered twenty years ago, endocan is still an intriguing biomarker associated with inflammation. It is a soluble dermatan sulphate proteoglycan secreted by endothelial cells and expressed in tissues related to enhanced proliferation. Endocan has been extensively studied in various cardiometabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, kidney disease, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease. Understanding the role of endocan in these disorders is important for developing potential therapeutic strategies to delay or prevent related complications.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Serap Ozer Yaman, Fulya Balaban Yucesan, Cihan Orem, Birgul Vanizor Kural, Asim Orem
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the circulating levels of endocan in PPL subjects and determine its association with endothelial and inflammatory factors. The results showed that the levels of endocan were significantly higher in PPL subjects and positively correlated with other endothelial and inflammation factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhuqing Li, Qi Li, Li Wang, Chao Li, Mengping Xu, Yajun Duan, Likun Ma, Tingting Li, Qiao Chen, Yilin Wang, Yanxin Wang, Jiaxin Feng, Xuemei Yin, Xiaolin Wang, Jihong Han, Chengzhi Lu
Summary: Chronic sympathetic hyperactivity can lead to oxidative stress and inflammation in endothelial cells, contributing to atherosclerosis development. Renal denervation (RDN) may protect endothelial cells by reducing oxidative stress-induced inflammation, thus reducing atherosclerosis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chia -Hui Chen, Bei-Chia Guo, Po-An Hu, Hsueh-Te Lee, Hsuan-Yun Hu, Man-Chen Hsu, Wen-Hua Chen, Tzong-Shyuan Lee
Summary: Ractopamine, a synthetic agonist used as an animal feed additive, has been found to accelerate atherosclerosis progression by inducing endothelial dysfunction and dysregulating cholesterol metabolism of macrophages, as shown in experiments on mice and cells.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyun Cao, Yalan Wu, Huiling Hong, Xiao Yu Tian
Summary: Atherosclerosis is linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, and SIRT3 and NAD(+) play critical roles in maintaining normal mitochondrial function and improving endothelial function. The deletion of SIRT3 in endothelial cells accelerates atherosclerosis and amplifies vascular inflammation and oxidative stress. Treatment with NAD(+) attenuates these effects. The study also shows that NAD(+) supplementation improves endothelial function and reduces plaque formation in mouse models of atherosclerosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Poledniczek, Christoph Neumayer, Christoph W. Kopp, Oliver Schlager, Thomas Gremmel, Alicja Jozkowicz, Michael E. Gschwandtner, Renate Koppensteiner, Patricia P. Wadowski
Summary: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. It negatively affects endothelial barrier properties, glycocalyx, and extracellular matrix composition, leading to vascular remodeling, aneurysm formation, and reduced tissue perfusion. This review discusses the molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on micro- and macrovasculature, with a focus on peripheral artery disease.
Review
Cell Biology
Narjes Nasiri-Ansari, Theodoros Androutsakos, Christina-Maria Flessa, Ioannis Kyrou, Gerasimos Siasos, Harpal S. Randeva, Eva Kassi, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease worldwide, strongly associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other metabolic syndrome features. The term metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has recently been proposed. Growing evidence supports the strong correlation between NAFLD and increased cardiovascular disease risk, independent of the presence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cell dysfunction appears to be implicated in the progression of NAFLD and may contribute to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kajetan Kielbowski, Estera Bakinowska, Andrzej Pawlik
Summary: Connexins are involved in intercellular communication through hemichannels and gap junctions, playing a crucial role in regulating cell homeostasis, proliferation, and differentiation. Changes in Cx distribution, degradation, and post-translational modifications have been linked to cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Depending on the isoform, Cx can either promote or suppress the development of atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial dysfunction, monocyte recruitment, vascular smooth muscle cell activation, or autophagy inhibition. Inhibition or modulation of specific Cx isoforms could potentially serve as therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junying Xiao, Na Li, Shengze Xiao, Yuzhou Wu, Hongmei Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated that chitosan-stabilized selenium nanoparticles (CS-SeNPs) and Na2SeO3 have significant anti-atherosclerotic activity in a high-fat-diet-fed mouse model of atherosclerosis. They were found to alleviate vascular endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, leading to reduced atherosclerotic lesions in mouse aortae. Importantly, CS-SeNPs showed potential for atherosclerosis prevention with lower toxicity compared to Na2SeO3. These findings suggest that selenium supplementation may be a promising therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hui Jiang, Yongwen Zhou, Seyed M. Nabavi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Peter J. Little, Suowen Xu, Jianping Weng, Jianjun Ge
Summary: Atherosclerosis is an immuno-metabolic disease involving chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetics, and metabolic dysfunction. Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a primary modification in atherosclerosis, leading to pathophysiological changes and plaque formation.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maria J. Forteza, Martin Berg, Andreas Edsfeldt, Jangming Sun, Roland Baumgartner, Ilona Kareinen, Felipe Beccaria Casagrande, Ulf Hedin, Song Zhang, Ivan Vuckovic, Petras P. Dzeja, Konstantinos A. Polyzos, Anton Gistera, Mette Trauelsen, Thue W. Schwartz, Lea Dib, Joerg Herrmann, Claudia Monaco, Ljubica Matic, Isabel Goncalves, Daniel F. J. Ketelhuth
Summary: Recent studies have shown a link between cellular metabolism and the chronic inflammatory process of atherosclerosis. The PDK/PDH axis has been identified as a major metabolic pathway regulating vascular inflammation and atherogenesis, and targeting it with DCA could be a promising treatment for atherosclerosis.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mirrin J. Dorresteijn, Douwe Dekker, Jelle Zwaag, Suzanne Heemskerk, Hennie M. J. Roelofs, Paul Smits, Johannes G. van der Hoeven, Frank A. D. T. G. Wagener, Peter Pickkers
Summary: Inflammation-induced free radical release is important in the pathogenesis of several diseases. This study investigated the impact of atazanavir-induced hyperbilirubinemia on antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction in human experimental endotoxemia. The results showed that hyperbilirubinemia increased antioxidant capacity, attenuated interleukin-10 release, and prevented vascular hyporesponsiveness during systemic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Eva Reali, Cristiana Caliceti, Antonello Lorenzini, Paola Rizzo
Summary: Psoriasis is a systemic disease with skin and joint symptoms, inflammation and cardiovascular complications. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Skin microbiota also plays a crucial role in immune tolerance and autoimmune reactions. Gut microbiota can influence systemic immune and inflammatory responses, leading to inflammation in the skin and blood vessels.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Min Li, Wingyan Yun, Guibin Wang, Anqi Li, Jing Gao, Qingyong He
Summary: The prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have made initial progress, but the number of CVDs patients will rise rapidly in the future. Garlic plays a remarkable role in preventing and treating atherosclerosis (AS), with mechanisms involving lipid-lowering, antioxidant, anti-thrombotic effects, etc. Therefore, the clinical application and mechanistic study of garlic are of great significance.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Layal El-Hajjar, Judy Hindieh, Rana Andraos, Marwan El-Sabban, Jalil Daher
Summary: Cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis is a major cause of death worldwide. This study explores the role of oxidized LDL and the LOX-1 scavenger receptor in endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, providing insight into the pathways involved in atherosclerosis progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
