Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nuha Alamro, Afnan S. Azhri, Asma Almuqati, Firas Azzeh, Wedad Azhar, Alaa Qadhi, Najlaa H. Almohmadi, Wafaa F. Abusudah, Khloud Ghafouri
Summary: Bariatric surgery has been shown to achieve sustained weight loss and improve metabolism, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This retrospective study found that bariatric surgery resulted in significant decreases in blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol levels. The surgery also decreased the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and significantly reduced the Framingham risk score.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fjolla Zhubi-Bakija, Gani Bajraktari, Ibadete Bytyci, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, Michael Y. Henein, Gustavs Latkovskis, Zarife Rexhaj, Esra Zhubi, Maciej Banach
Summary: Proteins are crucial for metabolism, maintaining fluid and acid-base balance, and antibody synthesis. A balanced diet with both animal and plant proteins can help reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Optimum nutrition emphasizing plant-based proteins and certain animal-based proteins can positively affect cardiometabolic risk factors, while red meat intake is associated with increased risk mainly due to saturated fats.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yi-Xin Wang, Lidia Minguez-Alarcon, Audrey J. Gaskins, Liang Wang, Ming Ding, Stacey A. Missmer, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, JoAnn E. Manson, Jorge E. Chavarro
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between pregnancy loss (PL) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to examine the role of subsequent metabolic disorders in mediating this relationship. The results showed that PL was associated with a higher risk of CVD, independent of the development of metabolic disorders.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prabha H. Andraweera, Michelle D. Plummer, Amy Garrett, Shalem Leemaqz, Melanie R. Wittwer, Emily Aldridge, Maleesa M. Pathirana, Gus A. Dekker, Claire T. Roberts, Margaret A. Arstall
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) 10 years after childbirth between women with >= 1 cardio metabolic risk factor in early first pregnancy and those with no risk factors. The results showed that women with >= 1 risk factor during the first pregnancy were 5.5 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome 10 years postpartum and had higher risks of obesity, elevated total cholesterol levels, and increased insulin resistance. Therefore, identifying cardio metabolic risk factors in early pregnancy may help identify young women at risk of future CVD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shaden Melhem, Sarah Steven, Roy Taylor, Ahmad Al-Mrabeh
Summary: Weight loss can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk, especially when accompanied by remission of diabetes. Changes in Leptin, adiponectin, GDF-15, and FGF-21 are related to weight loss rather than remission of diabetes. Normalization of 10-year cardiovascular risk and heart age is achievable after substantial dietary weight loss and remission of T2DM.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abolfazl Lari, Mohammad H. Sohouli, Somaye Fatahi, Henrique S. Cerqueira, Heitor O. Santos, Behnaz Pourrajab, Mahshid Rezaei, Solaleh Saneie, Seyedeh T. Rahideh
Summary: The DASH diet is effective in weight loss, controlling blood pressure, and hypercholesterolemia, with significant impacts on certain metabolic risk factors.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jieping Yang, Rupo Lee, Zachary Schulz, Albert Hsu, Jonathan Pai, Scarlet Yang, Susanne M. Henning, Jianjun Huang, Jonathan P. P. Jacobs, David Heber, Zhaoping Li
Summary: We investigated the effects of mixed tree nuts (MTNs) on tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and cardiovascular risk markers in overweight individuals. Our findings suggest that consumption of MTNs during weight loss can improve Trp-kynurenine metabolism, as well as increase Trp-serotonin and Trp-indole metabolism. However, no significant changes in gut microbiota were observed between the MTNs and pretzel groups.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Empar Lurbe, Julie Ingelfinger
Summary: This review critically considers the association between birth weight, growth trajectories, and cardiometabolic disease, highlighting the importance of early life interventions in reducing disease burden and improving public health outcomes.
Article
Immunology
Sara H. Bares, Xingye Wu, Katherine Tassiopoulos, Jordan E. Lake, Susan L. Koletar, Robert Kalayjian, Kristine M. Erlandson
Summary: Weight and body composition changes in the first year following ART initiation are associated with contemporaneous changes in metabolic parameters and subsequent cardiometabolic disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qiuyu Cao, Mian Li, Guijun Qin, Li Yan, Jiang He, Min Xu, Yu Xu, Tiange Wang, Yuhong Chen, Shuangyuan Wang, Hong Lin, Zhiyun Zhao, Zhengnan Gao, Tianshu Zeng, Ruying Hu, Xuefeng Yu, Gang Chen, Qing Su, Yiming Mu, Lulu Chen, Xulei Tang, Qin Wan, Guixia Wang, Feixia Shen, Zuojie Luo, Yingfen Qin, Li Chen, Yanan Huo, Qiang Li, Zhen Ye, Yinfei Zhang, Chao Liu, Youmin Wang, Shengli Wu, Tao Yang, Huacong Deng, Jiajun Zhao, Lixin Shi, Guang Ning, Weiqing Wang, Jieli Lu, Yufang Bi
Summary: This study aims to investigate the associations of weight change in early adulthood and midlife cardiovascular health with cardiometabolic outcomes in a Chinese cohort. The results indicate that weight gain in early adulthood is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases, and this association is stronger in individuals with poor cardiovascular health in midlife.
NUTRITION & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Maan Isabella Cajita, Yaguang Zheng, Jacob Kigo Kariuki, Karen M. Vuckovic, Lora E. Burke
Summary: There is a growing body of literature on mHealth interventions targeting CVD risk factors. Although mHealth interventions have potential, evidence of their effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular risk factors is varied.
CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yi-Xin Wang, Yanping Li, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Andrea A. Florio, Zhilei Shan, Siwen Wang, Joann E. Manson, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Eric B. Rimm, Jorge E. Chavarro
Summary: Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The study found an additive interaction between low birth weight and unhealthy lifestyles in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease among women, with unhealthy lifestyle contributing more to the risk than low birth weight alone. Additionally, low birth weight is associated with a greater risk of stroke among women.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ryan Chung, Zhe Xu, Matthew Arnold, Samantha Ip, Hannah Harrison, Jessica Barrett, Lisa Pennells, Lois G. Kim, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Ellie Paige, Scott C. Ritchie, Michael Inouye, Juliet A. Usher-Smith, Angela M. Wood
Summary: This study provides quantitative evidence that using polygenic risk scores in addition to primary care records can efficiently identify individuals at highest risk of cardiovascular disease for a formal risk assessment, leading to better resource allocation and prevention of cardiovascular events.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rikuta Hamaya, Masaki Mori, Kuniaki Miyake, I-Min Lee
Summary: Long-term smartphone-recorded steps are associated with beneficial changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors, with some differences between men and women in the associational patterns.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Natalia Petrenya, Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock, Gro Eirin Holde, Nils Oscarson, Birgitta Jonsson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular risk, with a focus on never-smokers and the impact of sex and age. The findings showed that periodontitis was associated with higher cardiovascular risk, especially in never-smokers aged 65-74 years.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anniina Tervi, Nella Junna, Martin Broberg, Samuel E. Jones, Satu Strausz, Hanna-Riikka Kreivi, Caroline A. Heckman, Hanna M. Ollila, FinnGen
Summary: Tuberculosis is a significant public health concern that causes over 1 million deaths worldwide each year. This study identified specific HLA alleles and lifestyle risk factors, such as smoking, that are associated with the risk of tuberculosis.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingqin S. Li, Andrey A. Shabalin, Emily DiBlasi, Srihari Gopal, Carla M. Canuso, Aarno Palotie, Wayne C. Drevets, Anna R. Docherty, Hilary Coon
Summary: This study aimed to identify genetic risk variants associated with suicide death and suicidal behavior. The results showed that a locus in the neuroligin 1 (NLGN1) gene was associated with suicide death, while ROBO2 and ZNF28 genes were associated with suicidal behavior. Additionally, variants near SOX5 and LOC101928519 were found to be associated with suicidal attempts. Suicide death and suicidal behavior showed positive correlations with depression, schizophrenia, pain, and suicidal attempt, and negative correlation with educational attainment.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Minna Harsunen, Jarno L. T. Kettunen, Taina Harkonen, Om Dwivedi, Mikko Lehtovirta, Paula Vahasalo, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Ilonen, Paivi J. Miettinen, Mikael Knip, Tiinamaija Tuomi
Summary: More than 10% of AAB-negative children with diabetes were found to have monogenic diabetes through genetic testing. Genetic diagnosis can lead to major changes in treatment, therefore, it is recommended to refer all AAB-negative pediatric diabetes patients for genetic testing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tuomo Kiiskinen, Pyry Helkkula, Kristi Krebs, Juha Karjalainen, Elmo Saarentaus, Nina Mars, Arto Lehisto, Wei Zhou, Mattia Cordioli, Sakari Jukarainen, Joel T. Ramo, Juha Mehtonen, Kumar Veerapen, Markus Rasanen, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Mutaamba Maasha, Teemu Niiranen, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Veikko Salomaa, Mitja Kurki, Matti Pirinen, Aarno Palotie, Mark Daly, Andrea Ganna, Aki S. Havulinna, Lili Milani, Samuli Ripatti
Summary: A new analysis of large biobanks reveals genetic variants associated with changes in medication for cardiometabolic diseases and presents polygenic scores of medication-use behavior. The study used data from the Finnish nationwide drug purchase registry and performed genome-wide association analyses to identify loci associated with medication use in hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. The findings demonstrate the potential for medication-based strategies to identify cardiometabolic risk loci and provide genome-wide tools for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elmo Saarentaus, Juha T. Karjalainen, Joel Raemoe, Tuomo S. Kiiskinen, Aki Havulinna, Juha Mehtonen, Heidi Hautakangas, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Max Tamlander, Nina Mars, Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Matti Pirinen, Mitja Kurki, Samuli Ripatti, Mark Daly, Tuula Palotie, Antti Makitie, Aarno Palotie
Summary: In this study, researchers analyzed the genomic similarity of upper respiratory diseases and found 41 genetic loci associated with these diseases, including some linked to immune-related diseases. They also discovered a genetic correlation between upper respiratory diseases and autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune hypothyroidism. Moreover, the study revealed shared genetics for type 2 immunological reaction in upper respiratory diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Pyry Helkkula, Shabbeer Hassan, Elmo Saarentaus, Emilia Vartiainen, Sanni T. Ruotsalainen, Jaakko Leinonen, Aarno Palotie, Juha Karjalainen, Mitja Kurki, Samuli Ripatti, Taru Tukiainen
Summary: A genome-wide association study conducted in a Finnish cohort identified new genetic loci associated with varicose veins, including the connexin gene family member, GJD3, which could be a potential drug target. These findings provide insights into the etiology of varicose veins and emphasize the ability of isolated populations, such as Finns, to discover genetic variants relevant to therapeutic development.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laurence J. Howe, Humaira Rasheed, Paul R. Jones, Dorret Boomsma, David M. Evans, Alexandros Giannelis, Caroline Hayward, John L. Hopper, Amanda Hughes, Hannu Lahtinen, Shuai Li, Penelope A. Lind, Nicholas G. Martin, Pekka Martikainen, Sarah E. Medland, Tim T. Morris, Michel G. Nivard, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Karri Silventoinen, Jennifer A. Smith, Emily A. Willoughby, James F. Wilson, Bjorn Olav Asvold, Oyvind E. Naess, George Davey Smith, Jaakko Kaprio, Ben Brumpton, Neil M. Davies
Summary: Previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies suggest that educational attainment has beneficial effects on adult health outcomes. However, these estimates may be biased due to population stratification, assortative mating, and indirect genetic effects. Using both population and within-sibship MR approaches, this study provides evidence that genetic liability to educational attainment is associated with decreased BMI, cigarette smoking, and SBP, and potentially with mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jari Ahlberg, Frank Lobbezoo, Daniele Manfredini, Maarit Piirtola, Christer Hublin, Jaakko Kaprio
Summary: This study investigated the association between sleep bruxism and mortality and found that self-reported sleep bruxism is associated with increased risk of mortality. However, this association is no longer significant after adjusting for other risk factors, suggesting that bruxism is actually a behavior rather than a disease.
JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jari Ahlberg, Frank Lobbezoo, Christer Hublin, Maarit Piirtola, Jaakko Kaprio
JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna-Maria Lampousi, Josefin E. Lofvenborg, Emma Ahlqvist, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Alicja Wolk, Sofia Carlsson
Summary: Antioxidant vitamins C and E are inversely associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Among adults, vitamin E may have a protective effect on latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) with high autoantibody levels, as well as on beta cell function and insulin resistance. However, there is no causal relationship between antioxidants and LADA or type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Letter
Genetics & Heredity
Nina Mars, Joni V. Lindbohm, Pietro della Briotta Parolo, Elisabeth Widen, Jaakko Kaprio, Aarno Palotie, Samuli Ripatti
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anil K. Giri, Mervi Aavikko, Linnea Wartiovaara, Toni Lemmetyinen, Juha Karjalainen, Juha Mehtonen, Kimmo Palin, Niko Valimaki, Max Tamlander, Riikka Saikkonen, Auli Karhu, Ekaterina Morgunova, Benjamin Sun, Heiko Runz, Priit Palta, Shuang Luo, Heikki Joensuu, Tomi P. Makela, Iiro Kostiainen, Camilla Schalin-Jantti, Aarno FinnGen, Aarno Palotie, Lauri A. Aaltonen, Saara Ollila, Mark J. Daly
Summary: This study is the largest genome-wide association study on small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) to date, and it identified 6 significant loci associated with SI-NET risk. Four of these loci are novel, and one of the top hits is a missense variant in the LGR5 gene, a marker of adult intestinal stem cells.
Article
Biology
Matti A. Vuori, Tuomo Kiiskinen, Niina Pitkanen, Samu Kurki, Hannele Laivuori, Tarja Laitinen, Sampo Mantylahti, Aarno Palotie, FinnGen, Teemu J. Niiranen
Summary: This study aims to assess whether electronic health record data text mining can be used to improve register-based heart failure subtyping. The results show that quantitative ejection fraction data can be efficiently extracted from electronic health records and used with laboratory data to subtype heart failure with reasonable accuracy, especially for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
G. David Batty, Philipp Frank, Urho M. Kujala, Seppo J. Sarna, Carlos A. Valencia-Hernandez, Jaakko Kaprio
Summary: This study found that retired amateur athletes have a higher risk of dementia compared to the general population, with professional boxers having the highest risk. Retired wrestlers and soccer players also have an increased risk, although lower in magnitude. Furthermore, professional American football players may have a higher risk compared to amateurs.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabin Drouard, Karri Silventoinen, Antti Latvala, Jaakko Kaprio
Summary: This study examined the genetic and environmental factors underlying simultaneous changes in body weight and alcohol consumption. The results showed that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the changes of these traits. There were significant correlations between baseline body weight and change in alcohol consumption, suggesting a direct relationship between the two.