Article
Chemistry, Physical
Timothy M. Smith, Timothy P. Gabb, Christopher A. Kantzos, Aaron C. Thompson, Chantal K. Sudbrack, Brian West, David L. Ellis, Cheryl L. Bowman
Summary: Additive manufacturing (AM) provides a new method for producing metallic aerospace components, but further research on powder characteristics is necessary for improvement.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maxwell Moyle, Carina Ledermueller, Zheren Zou, Sophie Primig, Nima Haghdadi
Summary: The study analyzed the microstructure of 316L stainless steel builds produced by additive manufacturing using advanced microscopy techniques. Results showed that changes in processing parameters led to variations in grain structures, texture, and hardness, with additional insights provided into how grains in AM 316L steel accommodate strain.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Batuhan Turgut, Ugur Gurol, Recep Onler
Summary: Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has attracted significant attention for its high productivity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of application. However, the lack of comprehensive understanding of the process with considerable heat input still poses challenges for predictable WAAM of components with designed properties. This experimental study investigates the effect of interlayer dwell time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low carbon low alloy steel components fabricated by WAAM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hussain Gharehbaghi, Amin Farrokhabadi
Summary: This study explores the mechanical properties of a new hexagonal pyramid unit cell with uniform porosity using the HSDBT. The mechanical properties are obtained through numerical modeling and finite element software. The elastic-plastic-damage behavior is implemented in a nonlinear finite element model to track the compressive behavior of the lattice structure. The results show that changes in the geometry parameter of the unit cell significantly affect the mechanical properties of the entire structure.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrew B. Kustas, Morgan R. Jones, Frank W. DelRio, Ping Lu, Jonathan Pegues, Prashant Singh, A. Smirnov, Jordan Tiarks, Eric D. Hintsala, Douglas D. Stauffer, Jessica K. Roman-Kustas, Michael Abere, Emma M. H. White, Duane D. Johnson, Iver E. Anderson, Nicolas Argibay
Summary: In this study, the integration of additive manufacturing and alloy design leads to significant performance improvements in refractory alloys. A multi-principal element alloy with high hardness and specific strength is developed, with negligible softening up to 800 degrees C and the presence of four distinct phases. Thermodynamic explanations through density functional theory calculations are provided.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hiroyuki Ibe, Yuta Kato, Junya Yamada, Masaki Kato, Asuka Suzuki, Naoki Takata, Makoto Kobashi
Summary: The study successfully controlled the WC-Co two-phase microstructures through LPBF process, with post heat-treatment eliminating defects. Addition of carbon prevented the formation of W3Co3C phase, but reduced the hardness of the samples after heat treatment.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jie Lai, Jianchun Guo, Yingxian Ma, Hangyu Zhou, Shibin Wang, Yuxuan Liu
Summary: The study on the impact of acid treatment on tight limestone cores showed that acid mainly reacted on the rock inlet surface, and the size of dissolved pores and corrosion fractures was closely related to the type and concentration of acid, reflecting the changing rules of mechanical properties.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. K. Shurkin, N. Letyagin, A. Yakushkova, M. E. Samoshina, D. Yu Ozherelkov, T. K. Akopyan
Summary: The microstructure and hardness of the Al-Ca-Ni-Mn alloy fabricated by laser-powder bed fusion were studied in the as-built condition and after annealing at 200-400 degrees C for 3 hours. A decrease in hardness was observed after exposure at 300 degrees C, attributed to the growth of primary and eutectic phases. The eutectic phase played the most significant role in hardening.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Kirschner, Samuel David, Giulia Brunello, Ludger Keilig, Dieter Drescher, Christoph Bourauel, Kathrin Becker
Summary: Autoclaving cycles have an impact on the Vickers hardness and flexural modulus of 3D-printed insertion guides, particularly in cycle 2.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yumeng Zhang, Xiaohu Guan, Leilei Wang, Xiaoming Wang, Xiaohong Zhan
Summary: Friction stir additive manufacturing technology is an efficient solid-state process option that provides superior connectivity for lightweight structural material. This study characterized a multilayer ring-shaped build made from 6061-T6 aluminum alloy using friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM). The results showed a significant decrease in rotating torque when the stir tool returned to its original position, leading to a reduction in grain size within the additive zone. This research is important for understanding the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir additive manufacturing technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. D. Barath Kumar, M. Manikandan
Summary: In this research, Hastelloy C-276 thick wall component was successfully fabricated using wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) with both continuous current (CC) and pulsed current (PC) techniques. The defect-free components were produced from appropriate process parameters. The CC-WAAM exhibited an equiaxed structure in the top and columnar structure in the middle and bottom layers. The PC-WAAM had a fine-equiaxed and cellular structure. The controlled heat input from the arc pulsing mode minimized elemental segregation between the inter-dendritic and dendritic core regions. The CC-WAAM wall had a maximum average grain size of 223.7 μm, while the PC-WAAM wall had 189.2 μm. The PC-WAAM had higher strength, hardness, and ductility than the CC-WAAM. This paper presented a better gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)-based WAAM technique for industrial component manufacturing based on Hastelloy C-276 microstructure and mechanical integrity tests.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maria Surmeneva, Irina Grubova, Natalia Glukhova, Dmitriy Khrapov, Andrey Koptyug, Anastasia Volkova, Yurii Ivanov, Cosmin Mihai Cotrut, Alina Vladescu, Anton Teresov, Nikolay Koval, Alexander Tyurin, Roman Surmenev
Summary: The TNZT alloy samples treated with high-current pulsed electron-beam showed no change in crystallite size, dislocation density, and microstrain, but there was an evolution in crystallite orientations in the re-melted zone. The surface mechanical properties were slightly improved after treatment, but overall corrosion resistance and important mechanical parameters remained unchanged.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yubei Zhang, Shan Li, Xiaodong Liu, Xin Li, Wenyan Duan, Liang Li, Bingshan Liu, Gong Wang
Summary: This research presents the successful fabrication of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 components using vat photopolymerization, with high-volume loading of metal powder. The process allows for the production of high precision and complex green parts, which can be debinded and sintered to obtain metal parts with specific characteristics. The microstructure evolution during sintering and the formation of oxides were comprehensively studied, providing insights into the sintering mechanism of Inconel 718.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bo Liu, Yutian Ding, Jiayu Xu, Yubi Gao, Xingmao Wang, Hongfei Zhang, Yong Hu, Fuhao Sun
Summary: Addressing the strength-ductility dilemma in Inconel 718 superalloy using traditional strengthening strategies is challenging. This study proposes a novel strategy of combining laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) with thermomechanical treatment to simultaneously improve the strength and ductility of Inconel 718. The study demonstrates the outstanding strength-ductility synergy achieved through finer grains, annealing twins, coherent nano-precipitates, and additional microstructures induced by tensile loading.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongfei Zou, Meng Liu, Yifan Cai, Quanyi Wang, Yunqing Jiang, Yunru Wang, Zhenheng Gao, Yubing Pei, Hong Zhang, Yongjie Liu, Qingyuan Wang
Summary: In this study, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on additive manufacturing 939 superalloy at various temperatures to investigate its mechanical properties, fracture behaviors, and deformation mechanisms. The experimental results showed a significant decrease in yield, tensile strength, and elongation with increasing temperature. The fracture surfaces exhibited plastic fracture characteristics at room temperature and multiple slip systems were observed at higher temperatures. The deformation mechanism was primarily controlled by single slip system at room temperature, while thermal energy activated more slip systems and promoted dislocation movement at intermediate temperatures, and large-scale stacking faults and dislocation by-passing and climbing mechanisms were observed at high temperatures.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hao Zhang, Xiaoqin Ou, Song Ni, Hongge Yan, Xiaozhou Liao, Min Song
Summary: The twinning mechanisms in pure Ti, including {11 (2) over bar1} twinning and {11 (2) over bar2}-{11 (2) over bar1} double twinning, are systematically investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The migration of {11 (2) over bar1} twin boundaries is mainly carried out by the slip of twinning dislocations. Two double twinning mechanisms, involving the formation and growth of {11 (2) over bar1} twin at the {11 (2) over bar2} twin tip, are discovered. The interfacial structures of {11 (2) over bar1} twins exhibit terraced character with short coherent facets and coherent twin boundary segments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kevin D. Sisco, Alex Plotkowski, Ying Yang, Larry Allard, Chris Fancher, Claudia Rawn, Jonathan D. Poplawsky, Ryan Dehoff, S. S. Babu
Summary: Heat treatment of additively manufactured Al-Ce based multicomponent alloys leads to complex micro-structure evolution. The study explores the phase transformation theories involving nucleation from a heterogeneous multi-phase microstructure typical to that of additively manufactured samples. Different solidification microstructures were obtained due to spatial and temporal variations of thermal gradients (G) and liquid-solid interface velocities (R) within a given melt pool. The phase transformation pathways are rationalized based on the role of driving force on the nucleation of different phases at the interface of aluminum and the non-equilibrium intermetallic phases.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
K. D. Koube, T. Sloop, K. Lamb, J. Kacher, S. S. Babu, N. N. Thadhani
Summary: This study investigates spall failure and damage modes in Laser Powder Bed Fusion fabricated Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) with intentional low-volume porosity. The results show that the suppression of spall failure is observed with increasing porosity, transitioning from spall-centered tensile stress dominated failure to a pore-centered microstructure-dominated damage mode involving void/crack nucleation and growth. The critical porosity level and spall location depend on both the volume fraction and the size of the initially fabricated pores. Heterogeneous deformation twinning, shear banding, grain rotation, and cracking are observed around pre-existing pores and expected spall failure sites.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinglong An, Wenting Jiang, Song Ni, Zibin Chen, Zhangwei Wang, Min Song
Summary: The origin of {332} <113> twinning and twin-twin intersections in a shock load metastable beta Ti-12Mo alloy were investigated in this study. Direct observation revealed the twinning mechanism to be beta -> alpha'' -> alpha T-{130}'' -> beta({332}T), filling the gap in understanding the stress induced alpha'' phase and alpha'' twinning behavior. Three types of twin-twin intersections were observed, including retaining alpha'' phase, secondary {332} <113> twinning, and formation of kink bands in the intersecting areas.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tingting Song, Zibin Chen, Xiangyuan Cui, Shenglu Lu, Hansheng Chen, Hao Wang, Tony Dong, Bailiang Qin, Kang Cheung Chan, Milan Brandt, Xiaozhou Liao, Simon P. P. Ringer, Ma Qian
Summary: This study demonstrates a series of titanium-oxygen-iron compositions with outstanding tensile properties, achieved through alloy design and additive manufacturing. These alloys, strengthened by the abundant elements of oxygen and iron, offer potential for diverse applications and the industrial-scale use of waste sponge titanium. Additionally, they have significant economic and environmental potential for reducing the carbon footprint of energy-intensive sponge titanium production.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yangyang Liu, Can Li, Chunhui Tan, Zengxia Pei, Tao Yang, Shuzhen Zhang, Qianwei Huang, Yihan Wang, Zheng Zhou, Xiaozhou Liao, Juncai Dong, Hao Tan, Wensheng Yan, Huajie Yin, Zhao-Qing Liu, Jun Huang, Shenlong Zhao
Summary: The chlor-alkali process is important in the chemical industry due to the diverse usage of chlorine gas. However, current chlorine evolution reaction (CER) electrocatalysts have inefficiencies that result in high energy consumption. This study presents a highly active single-atom ruthenium catalyst for the electro synthesis of chlorine in seawater-like solutions. The catalyst exhibits low overpotential and high stability and selectivity, offering potential for efficient chlorine production from seawater.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongwei Liu, Keita Nomoto, Anna V. Ceguerra, Jamie J. Kruzic, Julie Cairney, Simon P. Ringer
Summary: This study develops a new software tool for calculating Pair distribution function (PDF) from electron diffraction patterns (EDPs). The software tool features accurate background subtraction and automatic conversion of different diffraction intensity profiles into a PDF. The study also evaluates the effects of background subtraction and elliptical distortion on PDF profiles. The EDP2PDF software provides a reliable tool for analyzing the atomic structure of both crystalline and non-crystalline materials.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Ding, Xiangyuan Cui, Li-Ting Tseng, Yiren Wang, Jiangtao Qu, Zengji Yue, Lina Sang, Wai Tung Lee, Xinwei Guan, Nina Bao, Ci Sathish, Xiaojiang Yu, Shibo Xi, Mark B. H. Breese, Rongkun Zheng, Xiaolin Wang, Lan Wang, Tom Wu, Jun Ding, Ajayan Vinu, Simon P. Ringer, Jiabao Yi
Summary: In this work, Ni/NiO nanocomposites were fabricated by depositing Ni and NiO thin layers alternately and annealing them at specific temperatures. It was found that the samples annealed at 473 K exhibited a significantly enhanced saturation magnetization exceeding 607 emu cm-3 at room temperature, surpassing that of pure Ni (480 emu cm-3). Material characterizations and density functional theory calculations confirmed that the NiO nanoclusters embedded in the Ni matrix were primarily responsible for the high magnetization, as they were ferromagnetically coupled with Ni.
Article
Microscopy
Levi Tegg, Andrew J. Breen, Siyu Huang, Takanori Sato, Simon P. Ringer, Julie M. Cairney
Summary: The CAMECA Invizo 6000 atom probe microscope utilizes unique ion optics, including dual antiparallel deep ultraviolet lasers, a flat counter electrode, and various lenses, to enhance the field-of-view without compromising the mass resolving power. This study demonstrates the performance of the Invizo 6000 through three material case studies, using both air and vacuum-transfer between instruments. The results show that the Invizo 6000 significantly improves the field-of-view compared to a LEAP 4000 X Si and enhances specimen yield, particularly for difficult samples like oxides.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haijiao Lu, Nasir Uddin, Zhehao Sun, Zibin Chen, Zackaria Mahfoud, Yilan Wu, Ary Anggara Wibowo, Zhicheng Su, Xinmao Yin, Chi Sin Tang, Xiaozhou Liao, Simon P. Ringer, Xiu Song Zhao, Andrew T. S. Wee, Michel Bosman, Zongyou Yin
Summary: By integrating plasmonic bismuth nanoparticles and non-plasmonic redox heterojunctions, we have successfully achieved high activity and selectivity in the transformation of CO2 into methanol. This is achieved through the use of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) to direct the reaction pathways and optimize product selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bryan Lim, Keita Nomoto, Amy J. Clarke, Sudarsanam Suresh Babu, Sophie Primig, Xiaozhou Liao, Andrew J. Breen, Simon P. Ringer
Summary: Complex geometries and topology optimisations are driving the additive manufacturing of Ni-based superalloys, but there are thermal signature differences in complex components compared to commonly studied test coupons, leading to unaccounted microstructure-property variations. The effects of topological changes, such as engineered internal voids, on the mechanical performance of as-fabricated Haynes 282 monolith are investigated, revealing the influence of changing thermal conditions on the local mechanical property response.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Nana Kwabena Adomako, Nima Haghdadi, James F. L. Dingle, Ernst Kozeschnik, Xiaozhou Liao, Simon P. Ringer, Sophie Primig
Summary: Metal additive manufacturing is an ideal technique for producing complex shaped engineering parts, but advanced control of microstructures and properties through modeling is necessary. This study presents a computational modeling approach to predict and optimize the microstructures and properties during metal additive manufacturing.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Michael P. Haines, Maxwell S. Moyle, Vitor V. Rielli, Vladimir Luzin, Nima Haghdadi, Sophie Primig
Summary: Additive manufacturing can produce intricate geometries with reduced material waste, but inconsistencies in microstructures and mechanical properties can occur due to thermal gyrations. This study investigates the impact of a concentric scan strategy on thermal conditions and phase formation in laser powder bed fusion processed stainless steel. Computational materials science and experimental characterization identify complex phase transformation routes and site-specific control of phase formation and morphology.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiheng Zhang, Hansheng Chen, Jiaying Jin, Bryan Lim, Xiaolian Liu, Wei Li, Mi Yan, Simon P. Ringer
Summary: This study presents a multi-main-phase Nd-Dy-Fe-B magnet with a Dy-lean core-Dy-rich shell microstructure, which exhibits high magnetic performance and thermal stability. The formation mechanism of the core-shell microstructure is explained through experimental and simulation analysis, highlighting the potential application of the magnet in large-scale production.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Przemyslaw Golebiewski, Pawel Wienclaw, Jaroslaw Cimek, Pawel Socha, Dariusz Pysz, Adam Filipkowski, Grzegorz Stepniewski, Olga Czerwinska, Ireneusz Kujawa, Ryszard Stepien, Rafal Kasztelanic, Andrzej Burgs, Ryszard Buczynski
Summary: We report the development of a 3D printing process for producing soft glass optical fibers. The process involves direct printing using a miniaturized crucible and depositing straight horizontally-oriented lines to replace traditional assembly techniques. Experimental results demonstrate good performance of the printed photonic crystal fiber preform.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2024)
