Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kai Hou, Xiaohui Xu, Xin Ge, Jiacen Jiang, Fan Ouyang
Summary: Immune checkpoints play a role in promoting tumor growth and inhibiting immune-mediated cancer cell apoptosis. Targeting immune checkpoints has been successful in treating various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, some patients do not respond to this therapy due to acquired resistance and recurrence. Understanding the specific mechanisms of immune checkpoints in HCC development is crucial for improving the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapy.
Review
Oncology
Ioannis A. Ziogas, Alexandros P. Evangeliou, Dimitrios Giannis, Muhammad H. Hayat, Konstantinos S. Mylonas, Samer Tohme, David A. Geller, Nahel Elias, Lipika Goyal, Georgios Tsoulfas
Summary: This study reviewed the outcomes of 2402 patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), of whom 2376 had unresectable HCC, treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The overall objective response rate was 22.7%, with a mean overall survival of 15.8 months. The study also found a high graft rejection rate of 40.0% in patients receiving ICIs in the liver transplant setting.
Article
Oncology
Xindan Kang, Jing Wang, Xue Kang, Li Bai
Summary: This study found that the pre-treatment immune-nutritional biomarker, PNI, is a critical factor for predicting the efficacy of anti-PD1 therapy in patients with recurrent or unresectable HCC.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lorenza Rimassa, Richard S. Finn, Bruno Sangro
Summary: Single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have limited efficacy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and approximately 30% of patients show intrinsic resistance to ICIs. Therefore, researchers are exploring combination therapies, such as anti-angiogenic agents and other ICIs. Some trials have shown promising results and potential for clinical application. However, there are still many unanswered questions that require further research.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chung-Wei Su, Ming-Mo Hou, Pei-Wei Huang, Yung-Chih Chou, Bing-Shen Huang, Jeng-Hwei Tseng, Chao-Wei Hsu, Tung-Chieh Chang, Shi-Ming Lin, Chen-Chun Lin
Summary: Combining PBT with anti-PD1/PDL1 is effective and safe for advanced HCC patients, providing both local tumor control and systemic tumor control for patients receiving curative-intent or palliative-control PBT. Adverse events were minimal and no unexpected events occurred.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Raheleh Roudi, Alberto D'Angelo, Marianna Sirico, Navid Sobhani
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and fatal malignancy with surgical resection, ablation, and liver transplantation as common therapeutic approaches in the early stage. Immunotherapeutic options, including checkpoint inhibitors, have shown promising results in various solid tumors, including HCC, in recent clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Amisha Singh, Ryan J. Beechinor, Jasmine C. Huynh, Daneng Li, Farshid Dayyani, Jennifer B. Valerin, Andrew Hendifar, Jun Gong, May Cho
Summary: Immunotherapy has the potential to improve outcomes in advanced HCC by overcoming immune tolerance mechanisms and enhancing anti-tumor activity in the tumor microenvironment. Ongoing clinical trials may offer additional frontline treatment options for HCC. Preliminary data on CAR-T cell therapy for HCC treatment also shows promise for the future.
Article
Oncology
Hugo Arasanz, Ana Isabel Bocanegra, Idoia Morilla, Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen, Maite Martinez-Aguillo, Lucia Teijeira, Maider Garnica, Ester Blanco, Luisa Chocarro, Karina Ausin, Miren Zuazo, Gonzalo Fernandez-Hinojal, Miriam Echaide, Leticia Fernandez-Rubio, Sergio Pineiro-Hermida, Pablo Ramos, Laura Mezquita, David Escors, Ruth Vera, Grazyna Kochan
Summary: This study investigated the role of baseline circulating low-density neutrophils (LDN) in NSCLC patients, identifying LDN as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy resistance. Combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy can reduce LDN levels, overcome resistance, and suggest potential drug combinations for improved outcomes.
Review
Oncology
Maen Abdelrahim, Abdullah Esmail, Ashish Saharia, Ala Abudayyeh, Noha Abdel-Wahab, Adi Diab, Naoka Murakami, Ahmed O. Kaseb, Jenny C. Chang, Ahmed Osama Gaber, Rafik Mark Ghobrial
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Liver transplantation is not suitable for advanced stage HCC patients with large tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising results in HCC treatment, but there are concerns about organ rejection in liver transplant patients.
Review
Oncology
Blanca Cucarull, Anna Tutusaus, Patricia Rider, Tania Hernaez-Alsina, Carlos Cuno, Pablo Garcia de Frutos, Anna Colell, Montserrat Mari, Albert Morales
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer with poor prognosis and increasing incidence. Recent advances in systemic treatment options, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antiangiogenic antibodies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have provided hope for HCC patients. Understanding the specific molecular mechanisms that influence tumor growth and immune control in HCC is crucial for physician decision-making and developing effective treatments.
Article
Oncology
Afshin Derakhshani, Shahryar Hashemzadeh, Zahra Asadzadeh, Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad, Farnaz Rasibonab, Hossein Safarpour, Vahid Jafarlou, Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Vito Racanelli, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Souzan Najafi, Darya Javadrashid, Oronzo Brunetti, Nicola Silvestris, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: The study revealed an increasing trend of CTLA-4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the inhibitory molecule can be suppressed by the chemotherapy drug capecitabine. Inhibiting CTLA-4 can reactivate immune cells against tumors, potentially enhancing treatment outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Chih-Hao Chang, Arthur Chun-Chieh Shih, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Ying-Ting Chao, Yi-Chiung Hsu
Summary: The study found that high expression of PD1 and PDL1 is associated with favorable outcomes in early-stage lung cancer but adverse outcomes in late-stage lung cancer. The expression levels of PD1 and PDL1 can serve as potential prognostic factors for predicting patient outcomes in lung cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
F. Xian, J. Wu, Y-l. Yuan, J. Bie, G. -h. Xu
Summary: The triplet regimen based on PD1/PDL1 inhibitors combined radiotherapy and antiangiogenic drugs is a novel therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. A meta-analysis showed that the triplet therapy achieved better survival benefits and had tolerable safety compared to single or dual-combination regimens. These findings suggest the potential efficacy of the triplet regimen in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yu Yang, Juxian Sun, Mengchao Wu, Wan Yee Lau, Shusen Zheng, Xue-Hao Wang, Xiaoping Chen, Jia Fan, Jiahong Dong, Jianqiang Cai, Minshan Chen, Yongjun Chen, Zhangjun Cheng, Chaoliu Dai, Jianzhen Shan, Cheng-You Du, Chihua Fang, Heping Hu, Zhili Ji, Weidong Jia, Gong Li, Jing Li, Jiangtao Li, Chang Liu, Fubao Liu, Yong Ma, Yilei Mao, Zuoxing Niu, Jie Shen, Jie Shi, Xuetao Shi, Wenjie Song, Hui-Chuan Sun, Guang Tan, Ran Tao, Xiaohu Wang, Tianfu Wen, Liqun Wu, Jinglin Xia, Bang-De Xiang, Maolin Yan, Mingang Ying, Ling Zhang, Xuewen Zhang, Zhao Chong Zeng, Yubao Zhang, Zhiwei Zhang, Jie Zhou, Cuncai Zhou, Jun Zhou, Ledu Zhou, Xinmin Zhou, Ji Zhu, Zhenyu Zhu, Qi Zhang, Qiu Li, Shuqun Cheng
Summary: The purpose of this study was to develop a Chinese clinical expert consensus on immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to guide the effective and safe use of immunotherapeutic drugs. The consensus included 17 recommendations covering treatment regimens, evaluation and monitoring, management of complications, precautions for special patients, and potential populations for immunotherapy.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pedro Luiz Serrano Uson Junior, Bolni Marius Nagalo, Daniel H. Ahn, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Mitesh J. Borad
Summary: In the past decade, there has been a significant increase in breakthrough therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in disrupting tumor immune tolerance. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown impressive efficacy in HCC, and combination therapies with antiangiogenic drugs are emerging as first-line treatment modalities in HCC.
SEMINARS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsing-Ju Wu, Pei-Yi Chu
Summary: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer type in women worldwide and has six molecular subtypes. Early detection and screening are crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes, requiring reliable noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ya-Ling Yang, Yen-Hsiang Chang, Chia-Jung Li, Ying-Hsien Huang, Ming-Chao Tsai, Pei-Yi Chu, Hung-Yu Lin
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most lethal cancers globally, with no established curative plan for advanced cases and a poor prognosis. Studies show that miR-29a plays an important role in regulating tumorigenesis and tumor microenvironment development, with potential therapeutic implications in hepatoprotection and HCC progression.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wei-Chieh Huang, Hsiang-Cheng Chi, Shiao-Lin Tung, Po-Ming Chen, Ya-Chi Shih, Yi-Ching Huang, Pei-Yi Chu
Summary: The study revealed that miR-491-5p and FOCAD act as tumor suppressors in TNBC, inhibiting cancer stemness, cell migration/invasion, drug resistance, and pulmonary metastasis. Additionally, miR-491-5p was found to target RABIF to regulate TNBC characteristics and outcomes, suggesting potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TNBC treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yi Chu, Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng, Yi-Han Chiu, Hung-Yu Lin, Chen-Hsin Kuo, Ming-Feng Hou, Chia-Jung Li
Summary: The study found that MARCH5 is significantly overexpressed in several cancers, especially in breast cancer. High MARCH5 expression is associated with poorer overall survival and positively correlated with the number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in BRCA malignant tissues.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chih-Jan Ko, Shih-Ling Gao, Tsu-Kung Lin, Pei-Yi Chu, Hung-Yu Lin
Summary: Evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the development of Parkinson's disease, causing cell death through iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and leading to membrane rupture and neuroinflammation. The sensitivity of ferroptosis is regulated by multiple aspects of iron metabolism, while its impact on the survival of dopaminergic neurons and microglial activity is significant for understanding the pathogenesis of PD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Hsuan Hung, Shih-Han Hsu, Ya-Chin Hou, Pei-Yi Chu, Yung-Yeh Su, Yan-Shen Shan, Wen-Chun Hung, Li-Tzong Chen
Summary: This study discovered that SEMA6C is downregulated in pancreatic cancer and its reduction is associated with worse survival rates. The research revealed the mechanism by which SEMA6C acts as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer and identified a novel regulatory role of miR-124-3p in suppressing SEMA6C. These findings provide new insights into the potential treatment of SEMA6C-downregulated cancer using CDK4/6 inhibitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Hsing-Ju Wu, Pei-Yi Chu
Summary: This article summarizes the recent discoveries on liquid biopsy and detection techniques. Breast cancer is the most common cancer and leading cause of death worldwide, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis. Liquid biopsy, as a less invasive diagnostic tool, is gaining more attention.
Article
Biology
Chun-Chi Chen, Pei-Yi Chu, Hung-Yu Lin
Summary: Using multi-omics analysis, this study reveals the clinical value and possible mechanisms of ATAD1 in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). The downregulation of ATAD1 serves as a clinical biomarker for pathologic diagnosis and prognosis in PRAD patients. It is involved in enhanced activity of mitochondria and cell cycle as well as shaping an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Po-Ming Chen, Chui-Nguk Wong, Chui-Na Wong, Pei-Yi Chu
Summary: Ovarian cancer has a high mortality rate and lacks effective targeted therapy. This study aimed to explore genetic markers and their clinical value in ovarian cancer development. 11 genetic markers, including ACTL6A, were found to be significantly elevated in invasive and chemoresistant ovarian cancer. ACTL6A expression was correlated with survival prognosis, and HER2 inhibitor CP724714 showed potential therapeutic benefits in high ACTL6A expression cases. High ACTL6A expression can serve as a biomarker for predicting treatment-refractory, metastasis, and prognosis of ovarian cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chun-Chi Chen, Pei-Yi Chu, Hung-Yu Lin
Summary: This study investigated the clinical significance of Inner membrane mitochondrial protein (IMMT) in Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) using supervised learning and multi-omics integration. The results showed that low expressions of IMMT in tumors were associated with poor prognosis, tumor progression, mitochondrial inhibition, angiogenetic activation, reduced immunogenicity, and an immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Inter-database verification further confirmed these findings. Pharmacogenetic prediction identified potential drug efficacy in the context of low IMMT expressions. IMMT has the potential to be a novel biomarker, prognostic predictor, and pharmacogenetic predictor for personalized cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yi Chu, Dev-Aur Chou, Po-Ming Chen, En-Pei Isabel Chiang
Summary: This study found that the translocation of MAT2A is associated with the prognosis of female patients with liver cancer and has important clinical significance in liver cancer. The study also found that estrogen may be used as a therapeutic modality against female liver cancer by regulating the localization of SP1 and MAT2A. Rating: 8/10
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Wen-Hung Kuo, Pei-Yi Chu, Chen-Chi Wang, Ping-Shen Huang, Shih-Hsuan Chan
Summary: This study found that the MAP7D3 protein plays a key role in the metastasis of TNBC, and its high expression is closely associated with malignancy, lymph node metastasis, and poor survival outcomes of patients. Inhibiting MAP7D3 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing the progression of TNBC, and MAP7D3 may serve as a novel predictive biomarker for the survival outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ming-Hsien Hu, Pei-Yi Chu, Ssu-Meng Huang, Bo-Sin Shih, Chia-Ling Ko, Jin-Jia Hu, Wen-Cheng Chen
Summary: The composite bone cement of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) shows potential advantages in clinical applications, with good injectability and disintegration resistance. However, increasing the MBG content decreases the working/setting time and compressive strength.
