Influence of ZnO nanoparticles and dispersant in Baheda oil biodiesel blend on the assessment of performance, combustion, and emissions of VCR diesel engine

The current investigation is focused on the assessment of combustion, performance, and emission parameters of VCR compression ignition engine working with ZnO nanoparticles dispersed Baheda (Terminalia bellirica) oil biodiesel (BOBD20). The ZnO nanoparticles were considered at the accompanying extents, for instance, 50, 75, and 100 ppm. Besides, a 1:1 proportion of dispersant (QPAN80) was blended to ZnO nanoparticles. The entire experimentation was performed at four compression ratios such as 16.5:1, 17.5:1. 18.5:1, and 19.5:1, respectively. The ZnO nanoparticle dispersed BOBD20 has shown tremendous outcomes. The dispersant added fuel was shown encouraging outcomes than regular diesel and biodiesel. Among all, the BOBD20 + ZnO75 + DSP 75 was revealed better outcomes concerning the operating characteristics. Further, the positive impact was perceived with increasing compression ratio and attained encouraging outcome at CR19.5:1. For BOBD20 + ZnO 75 + DSP 75 and at CR19.5:1, the higher BTE and least BSFC were obtained was 34.89% and 0.305 kg/kWh. Similarly, the highest combustion quantities for instance CP and NHRR were seen as 72.52 bar and 61.22 J/degrees CA, respectively. Finally, the minimum emissions of CO, UHC, and NOx, were 0.08%, 25 ppm, and 932 ppm, respectively for BOBD20 + ZnO75 + DSP75.

Automated summary

This study focused on evaluating the combustion, performance, and emission parameters of a VCR compression ignition engine running on BOBD20 with ZnO nanoparticles. The results showed promising outcomes, with the highest efficiency and lowest emissions achieved at a compression ratio of 19.5:1.