Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Radu Mihalache, Dragos Mihai, Gheorghe Megherelu, Ionut Florian Popa, Ionut Sebastian Vintila, Alexandru Paraschiv
Summary: The Phobos Sample Return mission aims to collect and return 100g of Phobos' surface material to Earth using a tight enclosure composed of a Vault, Sample Container and sealing elements. The project involved developing a closing mechanism capable of ensuring a high pushing force compared to the robotic arm's available force. Based on experimental tests, a suitable sealing element with piston geometry was identified as requiring less force to close the vault.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Nicola Baresi, Diogene A. Dei Tos, Hitoshi Ikeda, Yasuhiro Kawakatsu
Summary: The Martian Moons eXploration mission aims to retrieve samples from the surface of Phobos, with the spacecraft planned to enter quasi-satellite orbits upon arrival for over three years of study. The paper presents the orbit design and maintenance strategy within the framework of the elliptic Hill problem, including numerical continuation procedures and sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of the mission trajectories.
JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Dragos Mihai, Radu Mihalache, Gheorghe Megherelu, Emil Nutu, Ionut Florian Popa, Mihail Sima, Alexandra Adiaconitei, Elena Cristina Paul
Summary: This paper focuses on the development and validation of a closing and sealing system for a container designed to safely bring back 100 g of regolith from the surface of Phobos. The system proved capable of overcoming Robotic Arm misalignments, ensuring the Vault closing, and maintaining leak tightness during the trip back to Earth through a series of extensive tests.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Vladimir S. Aslanov
Summary: This paper explores the feasibility and benefits of using an artificially generated electrostatic field to retrieve a sample container launched from Phobos to a Phobos Sample Return (PSR) orbiter. The study discusses the conditions for reaching the small vicinity around the L1 point and demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed mission. It also investigates the influence of electrostatic charge level and Debye length on the container trajectory and the possibility of capturing the container.
JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fei Chen, Cynthia Ly, Ioannis Mikellides, Douglas Bernard, Moogega Cooper
Summary: The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover is equipped with a Sample Caching System (SCS) designed to collect and cache martian core and regolith samples for potential return to Earth. Special measures were taken to reduce and mitigate microbiological contamination in order to meet the strict biological contamination requirements. The estimated probability of a single Earth-sourced viable organism in the returned sample is significantly lower than the contamination requirement.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Riccardo Santoro, Mauro Pontani
Summary: The Mars sample return mission aims to collect Mars samples and dock them with an orbiting capsule using autonomous rendezvous and docking techniques. This study focuses on the guidance and control techniques for the three phases of the mission, including orbit acquisition, phasing and correction maneuvers, and rendezvous and docking with a noncooperative spacecraft. The mission utilizes both chemical and electrical propulsion, and employs nonlinear orbit control and feedback linearization for trajectory and attitude control.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Oriane Gassot, Paolo Panicucci, Giacomo Acciarini, Helena Bates, Manel Caballero, Pamela Cambianica, Maciej Dziewiecki, Zelia Dionnet, Florine Enengl, Selina-Barbara Gerig, Felix Hessinger, Lucy Kissick, Moritz Novak, Carmine Pellegrino, Angele Pontoni, Tania M. Ribeiro, Clemens Riegler, Nini Berge, Nikolaus Huber, Richard Hynek, Bartosz Kedziora, Adam Kiss, Maurice Martin, Javier Navarro Montilla
Summary: Ceres is an ancient body with high geological diversity, displaying conditions suitable for terrestrial biota. A proposed return mission to Ceres, the Calathus mission, aims to collect samples from the Occator Crater faculae for detailed laboratory analysis to better understand the habitability and evolution of this relict ocean world.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yoshifumi Futaana, Mats Holmstrom, Andrey Fedorov, Stas Barabash
Summary: Mars Express characterized the solar wind proton reflection from Phobos using a series of operations, ruling out artifacts through special experiments. The findings suggest that Phobos likely reflects solar wind into space, but the intermittency of reflected protons remains unexplained.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Paolo Ridolfi, Elie Allouis, Ben Boyes, Warren Hamilton, John Michelin, Paul Norridge, Stephen Pulker, Luke Tamkin, Alastair Wayman
Summary: In the NASA/ESA Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign, a study was conducted on a Sample Fetch Rover (SFR) intended to retrieve sample tubes and return them to the Sample Retrieval Lander (SRL). The current SFR design faced challenges in terms of accommodation, leading to the exploration of a mini Sample Fetch Rover (mSFR) concept. The feasibility of the concept was assessed, showing its potential as a backup tube delivery method in MSR.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Marek Slipski, Armin Kleinbohl, Daniela Tirsch, Gerhard Kminek, Gregory Jonniaux, Anni Maattanen, Austin Nicholas, Franck Montmessin, Soren N. Madsen, Matthew Abrahamson, Manuel Sanchez-Gestido, Michael A. Mischna, Neil Paul Murray, Michael J. Wolff, Pierre Blanc-Paques, Fabrice Cipriani, Colin F. Wilson, Dmitri Titov, Richard Zurek
Summary: This study assesses the radiometric environment on Mars to determine the exact orbit of the sample capsule using the Narrow Angle Camera. The results indicate that the radiance values increase with season and altitude, and high-altitude aerosols significantly impact the radiance contribution.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. Samokhin, M. Samokhina, I. Grigoriev, M. Zapletin
Summary: The article discusses the challenges of colonizing Mars and proposes the idea of establishing a base on Phobos as a solution. Three flight schemes are considered and calculations are made for the most realistic one. The trajectory is optimized taking into account the attraction of the Sun, Earth, and Mars. The problem is reduced to a boundary value problem and solved numerically using the shooting method.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Tenia M. Ribeiro, Andrea D'Ambrosio, Guillermo J. Dominguez Calabuig, Dimitrios Athanasopoulos, Helena Bates, Clemens Riegler, Oriane Gassot, Selina-Barbara Gerig, Juan L. Gomez-Gonzalez, Nikolaus Huber, Ragnar Seton, Tiago E. C. Magalhaes
Summary: D-type asteroids are primitive small bodies that can provide insights into the early solar system evolution and the origins of water and life on Earth. CARINA mission aims to visit and collect samples from the D-type asteroid 2002 AT4, investigating its composition, dynamical evolution, and possible relation with comets. The return of these samples would contribute significantly to our meteorite collection.
Article
Robotics
Tao Zhang, Yong Pang, Ting Zeng, Guoxin Wang, Shen Yin, Kun Xu, Guidong Mo, Xingwang Zhang, Lusi Wang, Shuai Yang, Zeng Zhao, Junjie Qin, Junshan Gong, Zhongxian Zhao, Xuefeng Tong, Zhongwang Yin, Haiyuan Wang, Fan Zhao, Yanhong Zheng, Xiangjin Deng, Bin Wang, Jinchang Xu, Wei Wang, Shuangfei Yu, Xiaoming Lai, Xilun Ding
Summary: On December 2, 2020, the Chinese Chang'E 5 lunar lander's 2-m class robotic drill successfully collected 259.72 g of samples by penetrating 1 m into the lunar regolith. This paper discusses the design and development of the robotic drill, terrestrial tests, and the results of lunar sampling. The study provides important insights for future extraterrestrial robotic regolith-sampling missions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Emily P. P. Seto, Aspen L. L. Hirsch, Wayne W. W. Schubert, Pavithra Chandramowlishwaran, Yury O. O. Chernoff
Summary: NASA and ESA are researching ways to enhance the safety of future planetary science sample return missions and reduce harm to Earth's biosphere. NASA has identified the need to develop a suite of biological indicators (BIs) to validate sample return mission sterilization systems. The current effort aims to establish a BI capable of handling stable biomolecules capable of replication.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Changyi Zhou, Yingzhuo Jia, Jianzhong Liu, Huijun Li, Yu Fan, Zhanlan Zhang, Yang Liu, Yuanyuan Jiang, Bin Zhou, Zhiping He, Jianfeng Yang, Yongfu Hu, Zhenghao Liu, Lang Qin, Bohan Lv, Zhongliang Fu, Jun Yan, Chi Wang, Yongliao Zou
Summary: China's Chang'e-5 probe successfully returned to Earth with lunar samples, marking the completion of scientific exploration tasks on the lunar surface. This has great scientific significance for understanding the formation and evolution of the Earth-Moon system and the chemical evolution history of the lunar surface.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tetsuya Yokoyama, Kazuhide Nagashima, Izumi Nakai, Edward D. Young, Yoshinari Abe, Jerome Aleon, Conel M. O'D. Alexander, Sachiko Amari, Yuri Amelin, Ken-ichi Bajo, Martin Bizzarro, Audrey Bouvier, Richard W. Carlson, Marc Chaussidon, Byeon-Gak Choi, Nicolas Dauphas, Andrew M. Davis, Tommaso Di Rocco, Wataru Fujiya, Ryota Fukai, Ikshu Gautam, Makiko K. Haba, Yuki Hibiya, Hiroshi Hidaka, Hisashi Homma, Peter Hoppe, Gary R. Huss, Kiyohiro Ichida, Tsuyoshi Iizuka, Trevor R. Ireland, Akira Ishikawa, Motoo Ito, Shoichi Itoh, Noriyuki Kawasaki, Noriko T. Kita, Kouki Kitajima, Thorsten Kleine, Shintaro Komatani, Alexander N. Krot, Ming-Chang Liu, Yuki Masuda, Kevin D. McKeegan, Mayu Morita, Kazuko Motomura, Frederic Moynier, Ann Nguyen, Larry Nittler, Morihiko Onose, Andreas Pack, Changkun Park, Laurette Piani, Liping Qin, Sara S. Russell, Naoya Sakamoto, Maria Schoenbaechler, Lauren Tafla, Haolan Tang, Kentaro Terada, Yasuko Terada, Tomohiro Usui, Sohei Wada, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Richard J. Walker, Katsuyuki Yamashita, Qing-Zhu Yin, Shigekazu Yoneda, Hiroharu Yui, Ai-Cheng Zhang, Harold C. Connolly Jr, Dante S. Lauretta, Tomoki Nakamura, Hiroshi Naraoka, Takaaki Noguchi, Ryuji Okazaki, Kanako Sakamoto, Hikaru Yabuta, Masanao Abe, Masahiko Arakawa, Atsushi Fujii, Masahiko Hayakawa, Naoyuki Hirata, Naru Hirata, Rie Honda, Chikatoshi Honda, Satoshi Hosoda, Yu-ichi Iijima, Hitoshi Ikeda, Masateru Ishiguro, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Takahiro Iwata, Kosuke Kawahara, Shota Kikuchi, Kohei Kitazato, Koji Matsumoto, Moe Matsuoka, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Yuya Mimasu, Akira Miura, Tomokatsu Morota, Satoru Nakazawa, Noriyuki Namiki, Hirotomo Noda, Rina Noguchi, Naoko Ogawa, Kazunori Ogawa, Tatsuaki Okada, Chisato Okamoto, Go Ono, Masanobu Ozaki, Takanao Saiki, Naoya Sakatani, Hirotaka Sawada, Hiroki Senshu, Yuri Shimaki, Kei Shirai, Seiji Sugita, Yuto Takei, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Satoshi Tanaka, Eri Tatsumi, Fuyuto Terui, Yuichi Tsuda, Ryudo Tsukizaki, Koji Wada, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Manabu Yamada, Tetsuya Yamada, Yukio Yamamoto, Hajime Yano, Yasuhiro Yokota, Keisuke Yoshihara, Makoto Yoshikawa, Kent Yoshikawa, Shizuho Furuya, Kentaro Hatakeda, Tasuku Hayashi, Yuya Hitomi, Kazuya Kumagai, Akiko Miyazaki, Aiko Nakato, Masahiro Nishimura, Hiromichi Soejima, Ayako Suzuki, Toru Yada, Daiki Yamamoto, Kasumi Yogata, Miwa Yoshitake, Shogo Tachibana, Hisayoshi Yurimoto
Summary: Carbonaceous meteorites from C-type asteroids were examined using samples from asteroid (162173) Ryugu. The samples resemble carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, particularly the CI group, and are made up of minerals formed in aqueous fluids. These minerals were altered at a temperature of 37 degrees Celsius about 5.2 million years after the formation of the first solids in the Solar System. The Ryugu samples have a composition similar to the Sun's photosphere.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yasuhiro Kawakatsu, Kiyoshi Kuramoto, Tomohiro Usui, Haruna Sugahara, Hisashi Ootake, Ryoichiro Yasumitsu, Kent Yoshikawa, Stephane Mary, Markus Grebenstein, Hirotaka Sawada, Takane Imada, Takanobu Shimada, Kazunori Ogawa, Masatsugu Otsuki, Mitsuhisa Baba, Kazuhisa Fujita, Kris Zacny, Dylan van Dyne, Yasutaka Satoh, Ayumu Tokaji
Summary: Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) is a mission developed by JAXA in collaboration with NASA, CNES, ESA, DLR, which is scheduled to be launched in 2024. This paper presents the preliminary design and the latest status of MMX program, with emphasis on its innovative aspects. The goal of MMX is to investigate the origin of Martian moons, understand planetary system formation, and study the transport of primordial material in the early solar system. The paper also discusses MMX's contribution to planetary science and its relevance to future human Mars exploration, as well as providing details on the mission's proximity and surface operations around Phobos, critical technologies for surface exploration, and programmatic aspects.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shota Sueyasu, Taisuke Takayanagi, Koichi Miyazaki, Yasutoshi Kuriyama, Yoshihiro Ishi, Tomonori Uesugi, Mehmet Burcin Unlu, Nobuki Kudo, Ye Chen, Koki Kasamatsu, Masayuki Fujii, Masanori Kobayashi, Wolfgang Rohringer, Taeko Matsuura
Summary: This study investigated a millimeter-sized optical hydrophone (OH) for detecting weak ionoacoustic (IA) signals produced by proton beams. The results showed that OH could detect gamma-wave and SPIRE wave more effectively than the conventional piezoelectric hydrophone (PH), and accurately measure the range of proton beams with submillimeter accuracy.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Kobayashi, H. Miyamoto, B. D. Pal, T. Niihara, T. Takemura
Summary: The mapping of water-ice is important in lunar exploration missions, and ground penetrating radars can be used to do so. The electromagnetic properties, specifically the permittivity, can indicate the existence of water-ice. Our research aims at reducing false detection or overlooking of water-ice by considering certain conditions that previous researches did not cover. We find that the permittivity of lunar regolith decreases at low temperatures, which is similar to the permittivity of water-ice.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gustavo Madeira, Sebastien Charnoz, Yun Zhang, Ryuki Hyodo, Patrick Michel, Hidenori Genda, Silvia Giuliatti Winter
Summary: This paper examines the recycling process of Phobos and focuses on the characteristics of the disk. The study found that if Phobos's parent bodies were formed through gravitational aggregation, the recycling process could occur, but Phobos should be accompanied by a Roche-interior ring. However, current observations of the Mars environment do not support the existence of a ring around Mars. Therefore, the Phobos we see today cannot be the outcome of such a recycling process.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hiroyuki Toyota, Tetsuya Nakamura, Shusaku Kanaya, Taishi Sumita, Takayuki Hirai, Masanori Kobayashi
Summary: This paper discusses the impact of hypervelocity micrometeoroids and orbital debris (MMODs) on inverted metamorphic triple-junction (IMM3J) and perovskite solar cells. It was experimentally found that IMM3J solar cells can suffer from short-circuit faults due to MMOD impacts, unlike conventional 3J cells. Projectile diameters and velocities that could cause these faults were determined using a model proposed by Burt. Perovskite solar cells did not exhibit short-circuit faults but experienced open-circuit faults several days after the hypervelocity impact experiment, possibly due to moisture-induced decomposition of the perovskite crystal.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yasuhiro Oba, Toshiki Koga, Yoshinori O. Takano, Nanako Ogawa, Naohiko Ohkouchi, Kazunori Sasaki, Hajime P. Sato, Daniel P. Glavin, Jason Dworkin, Hiroshi Naraoka, Shogo Tachibana, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Tomoki Nakamura, Takaaki Noguchi, Ryuji Okazaki, Hikaru Yabuta, Kanako Sakamoto, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Aiko Nakato, Akiko Miyazaki, Kasumi Yogata, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Tomohiro Usui, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Satoru Nakazawa, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Yuichi Tsuda
Summary: Scientists have found uracil from the asteroid sample, which may have played a role in the early chemical evolution on Earth. They also discovered other organic molecules, including racemic amino acids. This study strongly suggests that prebiotic molecules like uracil commonly formed in carbonaceous asteroids and were delivered to the early Earth.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daisuke Nakashima, Tomoki Nakamura, Mingming Zhang, Noriko T. Kita, Takashi Mikouchi, Hideto Yoshida, Yuma Enokido, Tomoyo Morita, Mizuha Kikuiri, Kana Amano, Eiichi Kagawa, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Aiko Nakato, Akiko Miyazaki, Kasumi Yogata, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Tomohiro Usui, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Satoru Nakazawa, Fuyuto Terui, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Takaaki Noguchi, Hikaru Yabuta, Hiroshi Naraoka, Ryuji Okazaki, Kanako Sakamoto, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Shogo Tachibana, Yuichi Tsuda
Summary: Chondrule-like objects and Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) were discovered in the returned samples from asteroid Ryugu. Oxygen isotope, mineralogical, and compositional analysis revealed the characteristics of these objects. The chondrule-like objects resemble early generations of chondrules, while the CAIs have similar oxygen isotope characteristics to the oldest CAIs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Katharina Otto, Tra-Mi Ho, Stephan Ulamec, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Jens Biele, Matthias Grott, Maximilian Hamm, David Hercik, Ralf Jaumann, Masahiko Sato, Stefan E. Schroeder, Satoshi Tanaka, Ulrich Auster, Kohei Kitazato, Joerg Knollenberg, Aurelie Moussi, Tomoki Nakamura, Tatsuaki Okada, Cedric Pilorget, Nicole Schmitz, Seiji Sugita, Koji Wada, Hikaru Yabuta
Summary: The Hayabusa2 mission provided a unique data set of asteroid Ryugu, including measurements from the orbiter remote sensing instruments and the returned samples. The MASCOT lander successfully provided in situ data that agreed with the orbiter and samples, while also identifying unique features such as the presence of clast/inclusions and the absence of fine particles. This highlights the value of an in situ instrument in complementing remote sensing and returned sample analyses.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Minako Hashiguchi, Dan Aoki, Kazuhiko Fukushima, Hiroshi Naraoka, Yoshinori Takano, Jason P. Dworkin, Karin E. Dworkin, Jose C. Aponte, Jamie E. Elsila, John M. Eiler, Yoshihiro Furukawa, Aogu Furusho, Daniel P. Glavin, Heather V. Graham, Kenji Hamase, Norbert Hertkorn, Junko Isa, Toshiki Koga, Hannah L. McLain, Hajime Mita, Yasuhiro Oba, Nanako O. Ogawa, Naohiko Ohkouchi, Francois-Regis Orthous-Daunay, Eric T. Parker, Alexander Ruf, Saburo Sakai, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Haruna Sugahara, Roland Thissen, Veronique Vuitton, Cedric Wolters, Toshihiro Yoshimura, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Tomoki Nakamura, Takaaki Noguchi, Ryuji Okazaki, Hikaru Yabuta, Kanako Sakamoto, Shogo Tachibana, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Aiko Nakato, Akiko Miyazaki, Kasumi Yogata, Masanao Abe, Tomohiro Usui, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Satoru Nakazawa, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Yuichi Tsuda
Summary: We performed in-situ analysis on a 1 mm-sized grain A0080 returned by Hayabusa2 spacecraft to investigate the relationship of soluble organic matter (SOM) to minerals. The distribution of different compound classes of SOM and alkylated homologues exhibited a heterogeneous spatial distribution on the sample surface. The A0080 sample showed mineralogy similar to an Ivuna-type carbonaceous chondrite and contained two different lithologies. CHN compounds were more concentrated in one lithology, while CHO, CHO-Na, and CHNO compounds were distributed in both lithologies. The spatial distribution of SOM is likely influenced by interactions with minerals and fluid activity.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jose C. Aponte, Jason P. Dworkin, Daniel P. Glavin, Jamie E. Elsila, Eric T. Parker, Hannah L. McLain, Hiroshi Naraoka, Ryuji Okazaki, Yoshinori Takano, Shogo Tachibana, Guannan Dong, Sarah S. Zeichner, John M. Eiler, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Tomoki Nakamura, Hikaru Yabuta, Fuyuto Terui, Takaaki Noguchi, Kanako Sakamoto, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Aiko Nakato, Akiko Miyazaki, Kasumi Yogata, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Tomohiro Usui, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Satoru Nakazawa, Yuichi Tsuda, Sei-ichiro Watanabe
Summary: Evaluating the molecular distribution of organic compounds in pristine extraterrestrial materials is crucial for understanding the synthesis and diversity of organics before the origins of life on Earth. This study identified multiple organic compounds in samples from asteroid Ryugu and the Orgueil meteorite, suggesting an interstellar and parent body origin for these compounds. However, further analysis is required to determine their parent-daughter relationships and the effects of various processes on these meteoritic organics. The findings also have implications for future sample return missions.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana de Sousa, Rafael Pinto, Bruno Couto, Beltran Nadal, Hugo Onderwater, Paulo Gordo, Manuel Abreu, Rui Melicio, Patrick Michel
Summary: This paper focuses on the implementation of two important technologies in light detection and ranging for space applications: microchip Q-switched laser and indium gallium arsenide avalanche photodiode. The microchip Q-switched laser generates high-energy short pulses and is implemented using specific materials. The avalanche photodiode uses multiple layer composition to build up high values of photocurrent from small optical signals. These technologies are crucial for mobile light detection and ranging due to their low mass and high efficiencies.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Correction
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Marine Paquet, Frederic Moynier, Tetsuya Yokoyama, Wei Dai, Yan Hu, Yoshinari Abe, Jerome Aleon, Conel M. O'd. Alexander, Sachiko Amari, Yuri Amelin, Ken-ichi Bajo, Martin Bizzarro, Audrey Bouvier, Richard W. Carlson, Marc Chaussidon, Byeon-Gak Choi, Nicolas Dauphas, Andrew M. Davis, Tommaso Di Rocco, Wataru Fujiya, Ryota Fukai, Ikshu Gautam, Makiko K. Haba, Yuki Hibiya, Hiroshi Hidaka, Hisashi Homma, Peter Hoppe, Gary R. Huss, Kiyohiro Ichida, Tsuyoshi Iizuka, Trevor R. Ireland, Akira Ishikawa, Motoo Ito, Shoichi Itoh, Noriyuki Kawasaki, Noriko T. Kita, Kouki Kitajima, Thorsten Kleine, Shintaro Komatani, Alexander N. Krot, Ming-Chang Liu, Yuki Masuda, Kevin D. McKeegan, Mayu Morita, Kazuko Motomura, Izumi Nakai, Kazuhide Nagashima, David Nesvorny, Ann N. Nguyen, Larry Nittler, Morihiko Onose, Andreas Pack, Changkun Park, Laurette Piani, Liping Qin, Sara S. Russell, Naoya Sakamoto, Maria Schoenbaechler, Lauren Tafla, Haolan Tang, Kentaro Terada, Yasuko Terada, Tomohiro Usui, Sohei Wada, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Richard J. Walker, Katsuyuki Yamashita, Qing-Zhu Yin, Shigekazu Yoneda, Edward D. Young, Hiroharu Yui, Ai-Cheng Zhang, Tomoki Nakamura, Hiroshi Naraoka, Takaaki Noguchi, Ryuji Okazaki, Kanako Sakamoto, Hikaru Yabuta, Masanao Abe, Akiko Miyazaki, Aiko Nakato, Masahiro Nishimura, Tatsuaki Okada, Toru Yada, Kasumi Yogata, Satoru Nakazawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Yuichi Tsuda, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Makoto Yoshikawa, Shogo Tachibana, Hisayoshi Yurimoto
Letter
Geochemistry & Geophysics
J. -c. Viennet, M. Roskosz, T. Nakamura, P. Beck, B. Baptiste, B. Lavina, E. E. Alp, M. Y. Hu, J. Zhao, M. Gounelle, R. Brunetto, H. Yurimoto, T. Noguchi, R. Okazaki, H. Yabuta, H. Naraoka, K. Sakamoto, S. Tachibana, T. Yada, M. Nishimura, A. Nakato, A. Miyazaki, K. Yogata, M. Abe, T. Okada, T. Usui, M. Yoshikawa, T. Saiki, S. Tanaka, F. Terui, S. Nakazawa, S. -i. Watanabe, Y. Tsuda
Summary: The Hayabusa 2 spacecraft returned grains of the Ryugu carbonaceous asteroid, which represent pristine CI chondritic materials preserved from Earth's atmosphere. Evidence of organics trapped within smectite layers in Ryugu grains is shown, whereas no such organics are found in the Orgueil CI meteorite. We propose that the organics within smectite interlayers in the Orgueil CI meteorite were lost during oxidation on Earth. Additionally, we suggest that the presence of organics within smectite interlayers might be related to the observed NH infrared signature in Ryugu particles and a few large C-type asteroids including Ceres.
GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Martha S. Gilmore, M. Darby Dyar, Nils Mueller, Jeremy Brossier, Alison R. Santos, Mikhail Ivanov, Richard Ghail, Justin Filiberto, Jorn Helbert
Summary: Surface mineralogy provides information about the composition, climate history, and geochemical cycling on the Venus surface. Although direct measurements in situ have not yet been conducted, various investigations have yielded a basic understanding of surface composition and weathering reactions in the current era. Laboratory experiments, theoretical modeling, and future missions will further advance our knowledge of Venus mineralogy.
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
