Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jessica P. Cerdena, Rohit Jaswaney, Marie V. Plaisime
Summary: This study analyzed the associations between disease conditions and race/ethnicity in a popular medical education resource, revealing different frequencies and distributions of mentions of various racial/ethnic groups in the content. The qualitative analyses also highlighted frequent associations between disease conditions and racial, ethnic, and immigration categories, often involving implicit or explicit biological and genetic explanations.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rohit Mital, Joseph Bayne, Fatima Rodriguez, Bruce Ovbiagele, Deepak L. Bhatt, Michelle A. Albert
Summary: Despite significant advances in the fields of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke, there are notable racial and ethnic disparities. In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, disparities in care provision, social determinants of health, and racial discrimination within and outside of the health care system also contribute to these differences. Improved culturally congruent communication about risk factors and symptoms is needed to achieve better and more equitable outcomes in CAD and stroke.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Kristin Kan, Nia Heard-Garris, Anne Bendelow, Lu Morales, Marquita W. Lewis-Thames, Matthew M. Davis, Marie Heffernan
Summary: This study focuses on the type and quality of digital access among racially and ethnically as well as socioeconomically diverse households with children in Chicago.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anda Botoseneanu, Miriam R. Elman, Heather G. Allore, David A. Dorr, Jason T. Newsom, Corey L. Nagel, Ana R. Quinones
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of depressive multimorbidity on the long-term development of activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitations in different racial/ethnic groups of US older adults. The results showed that depressive and somatic multimorbidity were associated with greater accumulation of functional limitations, and there was a more rapid growth in functional limitations among individuals from racial/ethnic minority groups. These findings highlight the importance of screening and treating depression, particularly in older adults with socioeconomic vulnerabilities, to slow the progression of functional decline in later life.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stephanie L. Hanus, Leslie Gordon Simons, Man-Kit Lei, Ryon J. Cobb, Ronald L. Simons
Summary: This study aims to explore the impact of romantic relationships on the psychological well-being of middle-aged and older Black women. The findings suggest that both marital and dating relationships can contribute to lower depressive symptoms as long as the relationship quality is high.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amaris Williams, Timiya S. Nolan, Guy Brock, Jennifer Garner, LaPrincess C. Brewer, Eduardo J. Sanchez, Joshua J. Joseph
Summary: The association of socioeconomic status with the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) risk factors for cardiovascular disease may vary by race and ethnicity. This study found that non-Hispanic White Americans had the strongest association with LE8 in terms of education, income, employment, and insurance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emma Zang, Scott M. Lynch, Chen Liu, Nancy Lu, Julia Banas
Summary: This study examines the total life expectancies and quality of life measures for healthy and diabetic U.S.-born populations. The results show that diabetic individuals have shorter life expectancies than healthy individuals, with differences observed across racial/ethnic and educational groups. The findings also suggest that diabetic women have lower quality of life compared to men. Targeted interventions for vulnerable groups are recommended based on these findings.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Justin M. Feldman, Mary T. Bassett
Summary: Racial and ethnic inequities in COVID-19 mortality exist in the US, with significant disparities based on race, ethnicity, and educational attainment. If all groups had experienced the same mortality rates as college-educated non-Hispanic White individuals, there would have been a 48% reduction in COVID-19 deaths among adults aged 25 years or older.
Article
Neurosciences
Jack E. Henningfield, Sherecce Fields, James C. Anthony, Lawrence S. Brown, Carlos A. Bolanos-Guzman, Sandra D. Comer, Richard De La Garza, Debra Furr-Holden, Albert Garcia-Romeu, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Armin Raznahan, Carlos A. Zarate
Summary: Higher levels of excellence and innovation in research can be achieved by promoting equity, diversity, and inclusion in organizations. ACNP has made progress in increasing diversity, especially in female membership and leadership positions, but there is still room for improvement in areas like African American and other ethnic populations. Collaboration with other organizations committed to these goals may help accelerate progress towards fostering diversity and inclusion in scientific organizations.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rishi K. Wadhera, Jose F. Figueroa, Fatima Rodriguez, Michael Liu, Wei Tian, Dhruv S. Kazi, Yang Song, Robert W. Yeh, Karen E. Joynt Maddox
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Black, Hispanic, and Asian populations experienced a disproportionate increase in deaths related to heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, while the White population had a smaller increase in deaths.
Review
Oncology
Maria P. Gorenflo, Alan Shen, Erin S. Murphy, Jennifer Cullen, Jennifer S. Yu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and glioblastoma (GBM) incidence and prognosis in the United States. The findings suggest a positive correlation between area-level SES and GBM incidence and prognosis. This study highlights the strong association between SES and GBM incidence and emphasizes the need for large study populations to assess SES and GBM prognosis for interventions that improve outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Harvey L. Nicholson, Zobayer Ahmmad
Summary: The study found that major discrimination was associated with poorer self-rated health among Asians as a group, while everyday discrimination was linked to poorer self-rated health among the Hmong subgroup. The implications of discrimination on health outcomes varied across different Asian ethnic subgroups.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caroline Smith, Sara Wuellner, Jennifer Marcum
Summary: This study aims to analyze workers' compensation claims data in Washington state using a Bayesian method to identify racial and ethnic disparities in work-related injuries and illnesses (WRII) by industry and occupation. The results show that Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino workers have the highest rates of WRII claims across all industry and occupational sectors, indicating a need for further investigation into the underlying causes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel H. Katz, Usman A. Tahir, Alexander G. Bick, Akhil Pampana, Debby Ngo, Mark D. Benson, Zhi Yu, Jeremy M. Robbins, Zsu-Zsu Chen, Daniel E. Cruz, Shuliang Deng, Laurie Farrell, Sumita Sinha, Alec A. Schmaier, Dongxiao Shen, Yan Gao, Michael E. Hall, Adolfo Correa, Russell P. Tracy, Peter Durda, Kent D. Taylor, Yongmei Liu, W. Craig Johnson, Xiuqing Guo, Jie Yao, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Ani W. Manichaikul, Deepti Jain, Claude Bouchard, Mark A. Sarzynski, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Thomas J. Wang, James G. Wilson, Pradeep Natarajan, Robert E. Gerszten
Summary: This study used whole genome sequencing to analyze the plasma proteome in individuals with greater African ancestry, identifying novel genetic determinants of cardiovascular diseases and uncovering new biological mechanisms specific to African ancestry.
Article
Oncology
Farhad Islami, Jordan Baeker Bispo, Hyunjung Lee, Daniel Wiese, K. Robin Yabroff, Priti Bandi, Kirsten Sloan, Alpa V. Patel, Elvan C. Daniels, Arif H. Kamal, Carmen E. Guerra, William L. Dahut, Ahmedin Jemal
Summary: The American Cancer Society has published a report on cancer disparities in the United States, highlighting the significant variations in cancer occurrence and outcomes based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and geographic location. Black and American Indian/Alaska Native individuals face higher cancer mortality rates, and education level and residential area also contribute to these disparities. The report emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health and implementing equitable policies and interventions to reduce cancer disparities.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Jee Won Park, Rachel Mealy, Ian J. Saldanha, Eric B. Loucks, Belinda L. Needham, Mario Sims, Joseph L. Fava, Akilah J. Dulin, Chanelle J. Howe
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the relationship between resilience resources at individual, interpersonal, and neighborhood levels, and cardiovascular outcomes in the United States. Higher levels of resilience resources were associated with better cardiovascular outcomes, but more diverse prospective studies are needed for stronger evidence.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jillian Ashley-Martin, Lora Iannotti, Carolyn Lesorogol, Charles E. Hilton, Charles Owuor Olungah, Theodore Zava, Belinda L. Needham, Yuhan Cui, Eleanor Brindle, Bilinda Straight
Summary: The study measured heavy metal concentrations among Kenyan youth and investigated associations with sociocultural, demographic, health factors, and anthropometry. Results showed that place of residence was a determinant of metal concentrations, while metals were not associated with adolescent anthropometry.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sidonie K. Kilpatrick, Katherine W. Bauer, Nia Heard-Garris, Anita M. Malone, Cleopatra M. Abdou, Heidi M. Weeks, Michelle Clayson, Kristi L. Allgood, Darya Dokshina, Belinda L. Needham
Summary: This study investigated the experiences and perspectives of women in Michigan communities outside of Flint during the Flint water crisis. The study found racial and ethnic differences in personal connections to Flint, perceived knowledge about the crisis, and beliefs about the role of racism in the crisis.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Belinda L. Needham, Talha Ali, Kristi L. Allgood, Annie Ro, Jana L. Hirschtick, Nancy L. Fleischer
Summary: Despite growing interest in the health-related consequences of racially discriminatory institutional policies and practices, there is still no consensus among public health scholars on how to measure and analyze exposure to institutional racism. This paper provides an overview of the conceptualization, measurement, and analysis of institutional racism in the context of quantitative research on minority health and health disparities in the United States. The framework presented in this paper addresses six considerations and aims to inform structural interventions to promote minority health and reduce racial and ethnic health disparities.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily K. Roberts, Jonathan Boss, Bhramar Mukherjee, Stephen Salerno, Ami Zota, Belinda L. Needham
Summary: Despite racial disparities in diseases of aging and premature mortality, non-Hispanic Black Americans tend to have longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a biomarker of cellular aging, than non-Hispanic White Americans. This study found that differences in exposure to certain organic pollutants partially explain the racial differences in LTL.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuna Choi, Araniy Santhireswaran, Cherry Chu, Katie J. Suda, Inma Hernandez, Jared W. Magnani, Mina Tadrous
Summary: This study examines the effects of the global valsartan recall and shortage in July 2018 on antihypertensive medication use in 83 countries. The results show a significant decrease in global valsartan utilization, while purchases of other ARBs and ACEIs increased. The opposing trends in developed and developing countries raise concerns about the distribution of contaminated medications.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Erin M. Schikowski, Gretchen Swabe, Stephen Y. Chan, Jared W. Magnani
Summary: This study examined the associations between medication copayment and annual household income with adherence to pulmonary vasodilator therapy among individuals with PAH. The findings suggest that high copayments may decrease adherence to certain medications among PAH patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kristi L. Allgood, Nancy L. Fleischer, Jeffrey Morenoff, Shervin Assari, Belinda L. Needham
Summary: Despite attention to the consequences of aggressive policing, rare instances of deaths/injuries fail to fully capture the day-to-day experiences of racially minoritized groups. We investigated the differential vulnerability by race/ethnicity in the relationship between police encounters and cardiovascular disease risk.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wayne R. Lawrence, Jasmine A. McDonald, Faustine Williams, Meredith S. Shiels, Neal D. Freedman, Ziqiang Lin, Jared W. Magnani
Summary: Chronic stress is hypothesized to be associated with breast cancer, but previous studies have shown mixed results. This study examined the association between self-reported stressful life events and incident breast cancer in postmenopausal women, taking into account estrogen receptor (ER) status and social support. The results showed that there was no relationship between stressful life events and ER-positive breast cancer, but there was an increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer in women with higher levels of stressful life events. This association was stronger in widowed women. Social support did not modify the relationship between stressful life events and ER-negative breast cancer.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luisa C. C. Brant, Antonio H. Ribeiro, Marcelo M. Pinto-Filho, Jelena Kornej, Sarah R. Preis, Jessica L. Fetterman, Oseiwe B. Eromosele, Jared W. Magnani, Joanne M. Murabito, Martin G. Larson, Emelia J. Benjamin, Antonio L. P. Ribeiro, Honghuang Lin
Summary: The electrocardiographic age (ECG-age) is associated with cardiovascular outcomes and death risk. The ECG-age was highly correlated with chronological age in the Framingham Heart Study cohort, and it was significantly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jared W. Magnani
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Roya Firoozi, Heidi M. Weeks, Elizabeth Ludwig-Borcyz, Michelle Clayson, Matt Zawistowski, Belinda Needham, Katherine W. Bauer
Summary: The study found that households participating in both WIC and SNAP consumed more sugar-sweetened beverages and bottled water. Children from these households also consumed soda more frequently compared to those in other programs.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Harnoor K. Mann, Meg Streiff, Kevan C. Schultz, David V. Halpern, Danielle Ferry, Amber E. Johnson, Jared W. Magnani
Summary: This study qualitatively assessed the experiences of rural individuals with AF in Pennsylvania, identifying barriers and facilitators to care. The findings highlight the complexity of AF care in rural settings and provide important insights for healthcare providers.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kerianne Fullin, Susan Keen, Kathryn Harris, Jared W. Magnani
Summary: This review discusses the approaches to neighborhood characterization in relation to cardiovascular health, recent investigations on neighborhood factors and cardiovascular risk, and initiatives to address neighborhood-based social determinants of cardiovascular health. The research has focused on various aspects such as racial segregation, healthcare and food accessibility, educational opportunities, physical and built environment, and social environment, and their impact on cardiovascular health and outcomes. Community-based interventions have potential to reduce health disparities, though implementation challenges remain. Considering neighborhood context is crucial in designing interventions for cardiovascular disease prevention and promoting health equity. Partnership with community stakeholders can facilitate the implementation of programs targeting neighborhood-based health determinants.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
Neslihan Bisgin, Halil Bisgin, Daniel Hummel, Jon Zelner, Belinda L. Needham
Summary: The study analyzed nearly six million tweets related to the Flint Water Crisis and found that key developments in the crisis corresponded to an increase in tweets mentioning race and racism. The study also found that tweets mentioning race and racism were more likely to have a negative sentiment. This suggests that many Twitter users connected the water crisis to issues of race and racism in real-time.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2023)