Journal
CELL REPORTS
Volume 38, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110227
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Funding
- Worldwide Cancer Research/Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund [18-0713]
- Pancreatic Cancer UK [PCUK2015_A26_Cameron]
- Academy of Medical Sciences [SBF001\1004]
- Royal Society [RG140568]
- Barts Charity [MGU0605]
- Cancer Research UK Center [C355/A25137]
- City of London Centre [C7893/A26233]
- Cancer Research UK studentships [C16420/A20916, C355/A29277]
- Rosetrees Trust [M483]
- BBSRC/AstraZeneca iCASE/LIDo studentship
- MRC studentship
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PKN2 plays a critical role in the differentiation of pancreatic stellate cells into myofibroblast-like cancer-associated fibroblasts. Loss of PKN2 leads to reduced proliferation and contractility of pancreatic stellate cells, as well as a switch from myofibroblast to inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype. Furthermore, deletion of PKN2 promotes invasive cancer cell outgrowth and induces more locally invasive pancreatic tumors. The absence of PKN2 in the pancreatic stroma predicts poor outcome in pancreatic and other solid human cancers.
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), differentiation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) into myofibroblast-like cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can both promote and suppress tumor progression. Here, we show that the Rho effector protein kinase N2 (PKN2) is critical for PSC myofibroblast differentiation. Loss of PKN2 is associated with reduced PSC proliferation, contractility, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) stress fibers. In spheroid co-cultures with PDAC cells, loss of PKN2 prevents PSC invasion but, counter-intuitively, promotes invasive cancer cell outgrowth. PKN2 deletion induces a myofibroblast to inflammatory CAF switch in the PSC matrisome signature both in vitro and in vivo. Further, deletion of PKN2 in the pancreatic stroma induces more locally invasive, orthotopic pancreatic tumors. Finally, we demonstrate that a PKN2KO matrisome signature predicts poor outcome in pancreatic and other solid human cancers. Our data indicate that suppressing PSC myofibroblast function can limit important stromal tumor-suppressive mechanisms, while promoting a switch to a cancer-supporting CAF phenotype.
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