Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
K. Ogren, D. Henzlova, J. Longo, C. Rael
Summary: The INCC software is crucial in nuclear safeguards and nuclear material control and accounting measurements. The upgraded version, INCC6, offers new capabilities and advanced analysis tools. This paper presents the first demonstration of data acquisition and analysis using INCC6 and ALMM, along with validation against INCC5 and traditional hardware.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chloe Sole, Andy Buffler, Tanya Hutton, Tom Leadbeater, Richard Babut, Vincent Gressier, Michael Petit
Summary: The application of CAEN DT5730 digitizer unit for fast neutron metrology is investigated. By comparing with an analog system, the suitability of the digital system for fast neutron measurements is demonstrated.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Sengar, M. Bailes, V Balakrishnan, M. C. i Bernadich, M. Burgay, E. D. Barr, C. M. L. Flynn, R. Shannon S. Stevenson, J. Wongphechauxsorn
Summary: We discovered 37 pulsars from 20-year-old archival data, using a new search pipeline optimized for narrow-duty cycle pulsars. We found that folded and optimized pulsars often have higher signal-to-noise ratios compared to spectral analysis, especially for narrow duty cycle ones. Our results demonstrate the importance of reprocessing archival data and using refined search techniques to increase the discovery rate of pulsars.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Y. Lee, Lillian R. Dillard, Jason A. Papin, Kelly B. Arnold
Summary: The mechanisms associated with optimal and non-optimal states of the vaginal microbiome (VMB) remain poorly understood due to its complex community structure and dynamic nature. Statistical methods have improved understanding of VMB composition and function, but mechanistic models using a priori knowledge of VMB features are underutilized. This review discusses systems biology approaches that have been applied to the VMB, highlighting successful techniques and new directions for improved understanding of health and disease.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Mereghetti, L. Sidoli, G. Ponti, A. Treves
Summary: Isolated black holes and neutron stars can be revealed through long-duration gravitational microlensing events. By adding astrometric information, the uncertainties in the masses and distances can be reduced, allowing for the selection of the most promising candidates. X-ray emissions from these objects can be detected using satellite data. Upper limits on the X-ray flux were derived for the isolated black hole candidate OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 and other candidates found through gravitational microlensing. The results suggest that OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 is likely a black hole rather than a neutron star.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Abdullah G. Weiss, Begona Aranguren, Moiz I. Butt, Pavel V. Tsvetkov, Mark L. Kimber, Sean M. McDeavitt
Summary: A novel methodology is developed to predict neutron permeation through media, making it easier to choose appropriate shields and attenuators. The methodology uses generalized metrics parametrized from simulations to accurately predict neutron intensity and average energy penetrating any medium. Benchmarks demonstrate the applicability of the metrics to any geometry and medium, with a small deviation from higher fidelity simulations. This data-driven approach provides a computationally efficient alternative to optimize neutron shielding and moderation setups.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Janice X. Ong, Amani A. Fawzi
Summary: This article summarizes advanced retinal imaging studies in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and discusses their implications for our understanding of the disease. These imaging techniques have shown promise in evaluating DR staging, elucidating early diabetes changes, and monitoring treatment response.
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Hai-Ning Wang, Yan-Hong Zou, Hong-Xu Sun, Yifa Chen, Shun-Li Li, Ya-Qian Lan
Summary: This review summarizes the research status of CO2 photoreduction via the solid-gas mode, including the performance of photocatalysts, reaction conditions, and mechanistic pathways. Various strategies such as experimental and theoretical studies are used to enhance the performance of CO2 photoreduction. Future challenges include further developing CO2 photoreduction in the solid-gas mode.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
N. Gelli, L. Giuntini, F. Cantini, O. Sans-Planell, M. Magalini, M. Manetti, L. Sodi, M. Massi, L. Castelli, C. Czelusniak, F. Taccetti, T. E. Bella, G. Marcucci, M. Clemenza, D. Di Martino, M. Morigi, M. Bettuzzi, L. Vigorelli, A. Re, A. Lo Giudice, D. Alloni, M. Prata, S. Altieri, A. Salvini, F. Grazzi
Summary: This paper presents NICHE (Neutron Imaging for Cultural HEritage), the new neutron imaging facility of the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). The main features of the beamline, the specifications of the detection set-up, and the performances of the imaging system are reported. NICHE is installed at the TRIGA reactor of LENA (Laboratorio Energia Nucleare Applicata) Pavia University laboratory (Italy). It is the first Italian neutron imaging station open to national external users and allows for morphological characterization of samples.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Haiman Tian, Maria Presa-Reyes, Yudong Tao, Tianyi Wang, Samira Pouyanfar, Miguel Alonso, Steven Luis, Mei-Ling Shyu, Shu-Ching Chen, Sundaraja Sitharama Iyengar
Summary: The airline industry has connected countries worldwide, leading to economic growth. Analyzing air travel data can help provide customized, efficient, and safe services.
ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yiwei Mao, Christopher H. Betters, Samuel Garske, Jeremy Randle, K. C. Wong, Iver H. Cairns, Bradley J. Evans
Summary: This study successfully developed a fully open-source data acquisition system that can collect hyperspectral and navigation data concurrently for direct georeferencing. The system utilizes low-cost, lightweight, and deployable devices, and employs commercial-off-the-shelf hardware and open-source software, providing an affordable solution for hyperspectral data remote sensing.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson, Simone Pacetti
Summary: Data on electromagnetic form factors of proton, neutron, and lambda from annihilation and scattering reactions provide insights into the spatial structure and time evolution of baryons, as well as the dominance of quark-diquark dynamics in a specific time interval during the system's evolution.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Yuxuan Zhang, Kristian G. Myhre, Hassina Z. Bilheux, Jared A. Johnson, Jean C. Bilheux, Chad M. Parish, Andrew J. Miskowiec, Rodney D. Hunt, Jiao Y. Y. Lin
Summary: Attenuation-based neutron computed tomography (CT) was used to characterize uncoated TRISO nuclear fuel kernels. The effect of two different types of carbon blacks (Raven 3500 and Mogul L) on the internal gelation process of UO3-C kernels was investigated. Heterogeneous density distributions were mapped in both types of kernels using 3D reconstructed kernel volumes and digital imaging processing techniques. Furthermore, the size distribution of carbon agglomerates in the Mogul L kernels was determined by analyzing the CT data.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yonghui Dong, Asaph Aharoni
Summary: This article provides an overview of the application of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) in natural product (NP) research, with a focus on recent advances in plants and microorganisms. The potential of combining MSI with other imaging modalities and stable isotope labeling is discussed. The article also highlights the strengths and weaknesses of MSI and suggests future improvements for routine NP studies. Lastly, new research areas, future perspectives, and the overall direction of the field are discussed.
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Seongjun Park, Yangmo Yoo
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient method for implementing logarithm operation in software-based ultrasound B-mode imaging systems. The method extracts exponent bit field and applies algebraic operations to improve precision. Experimental results show that this method significantly reduces execution time and maintains or improves image quality.
Article
Spectroscopy
Yi-De Chuang, Xuefei Feng, Alejandro Cruz, Kelly Hanzel, Adam Brown, Adrian Spucces, Alex Frano, Wei-Sheng Lee, Jaemyung Kim, Yu-Jen Chen, Brian Smith, John S. Pepper, Yu-Cheng Shao, Shih-Wen Huang, L. Andrew Wray, E. Gullikson, Zhi-Xun Shen, Thomas P. Devereaux, Anton Tremsin, Wanli Yang, Jinghua Guo, Robert Duarte, Zahid Hussain
Summary: A momentum resolved resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (qRIXS) experimental station with continuously rotatable spectrometers and parallel detection is designed to operate at different beamlines at synchrotron and free electron laser (FEL) facilities. The components of this endstation are described in details, and the preliminary RIXS measurements on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) reveal the low energy vibronic excitations from the strong electron-phonon coupling at C K edge around sigma* band.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Johannes Hendriks, Nicholas O'Dell, Adrian Wills, Anton Tremsin, Christopher Wensrich, Takenao Shinohara
Summary: Energy resolved neutron transmission techniques can provide high-resolution images of strain within polycrystalline samples, and accurate estimates of strain and quantification of uncertainty are important. A numerical simulation analysis shows that a novel Bayesian non-parametric method provides competitive estimates of strain and accurate quantification of certainty, demonstrated on experimental data.
JOURNAL OF STRAIN ANALYSIS FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ke Xu, Anton S. Tremsin, Jiaqi Li, Daniela M. Ushizima, Catherine A. Davy, Amine Bouterf, Ying Tsun Su, Milena Marroccoli, Anna Maria Mauro, Massimo Osanna, Antonio Telesca, Paulo J. M. Monteiro
Summary: This study utilized advanced techniques to characterize the microstructure of ancient Roman concrete from Pompeii, revealing relatively high porosity, low connectivity, and a similar capillary penetration coefficient compared to modern Portland cement mortar/concrete. The research also predicted permeability and provided insights for the development of modern concrete with improved durability.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Matteo Busi, Nikola Kalentics, Manuel Morgano, Seth Griffiths, Anton S. Tremsin, Takenao Shinohara, Roland Loge, Christian Leinenbach, Markus Strobl
Summary: The optimization of laser powder bed fusion parameters in additive manufacturing of metallic materials can be studied using neutron Bragg edge radiography. This study showed the importance of residual stresses and machine imperfections, supporting the use of a parallel scanning strategy without supports.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Justin S. Woods, Xiaoqian M. Chen, Rajesh Chopdekar, Barry Farmer, Claudio Mazzoli, Roland Koch, Anton S. Tremsin, Wen Hu, Andreas Scholl, Steve Kevan, Stuart Wilkins, Wai-Kwong Kwok, Lance E. De Long, Sujoy Roy, J. Todd Hastings
Summary: Artificial spin ices with double edge dislocations can impart orbital angular momentum to scattered x rays, enabling selective probes of electronic and magnetic properties. The topological charge of the defect differs with respect to the structural and magnetic order, allowing for reconfigurable x-ray optics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
A. S. Tremsin, H. Z. Bilheux, J. C. Bilheux, T. Shinohara, K. Oikawa, Y. Gao
Summary: The study focuses on the importance of a full FOV calibration technique for achieving high-resolution Bragg edge strain imaging in energy-resolved neutron imaging, where measurement accuracy depends on data analysis techniques and the quality of measured spectra.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matteo Busi, Nikola Kalentics, Manuel Morgano, Seth Griffiths, Anton S. Tremsin, Takenao Shinohara, Roland Loge, Christian Leinenbach, Markus Strobl
Summary: Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technique can introduce detrimental tensile residual stresses towards the surfaces, negatively impacting fatigue life and resistance to crack formations. A study using neutron Bragg edge imaging showed that the 3D-LSP treatment can effectively increase surface compressive residual stress and CRS depth.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Anton S. Tremsin, John V. Vallerga, Oswald H. W. Siegmund, Justin Woods, Lance E. De Long, Jeffrey T. Hastings, Roland J. Koch, Sophie A. Morley, Yi-De Chuang, Sujoy Roy
Summary: Detectors with microchannel plates (MCPs) combined with Timepix readout offer high spatial and time resolution for soft X-ray imaging and spectroscopy applications, capable of operating at relatively high counting rates. The ongoing development of optimized MCP devices for soft X-ray photon-counting applications is guided by the results of these experiments, facilitating XPCS dynamics measurements down to sub-microsecond timescales.
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Florencia Malamud, Javier Roberto Santisteban, Yan Gao, Takenao Shinohara, Kenichi Oikawa, Anton Tremsin
Summary: This study investigates the lattice misfit in nickel-based superalloys using energy-resolved neutron imaging experiments, and analyzes the position and width of Laue peaks to determine the lattice parameters, strain misfit, and misorientation between phases. The research provides detailed analysis of the lattice misfit at different positions of the specimen and reveals the relative misorientation between different parts of the specimen.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Busi, Efthymios Polatidis, Florencia Malamud, Winfried Kockelmann, Manuel Morgano, Anders Kaestner, Anton Tremsin, Nikola Kalentics, Roland Loge, Christian Leinenbach, Takenao Shinohara, Markus Strobl
Summary: In this study, neutron Bragg edge tomography was used to analyze stainless steel 316L additive manufacturing samples created by standard laser powder bed fusion and a novel three-dimensional laser shock peening technique. The research focused on analyzing the bulk density properties, mapping defects, obtaining strain maps, and describing crystallographic texture properties of the samples. The results showed that the shock peening treatment not only increased the bulk density of the samples but also created a significant compressive strain region.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ranggi S. Ramadhan, Daniel Glaser, Hitoshi Soyama, Winfried Kockelmann, Takenao Shinohara, Thilo Pirling, Michael E. Fitzpatrick, Anton S. Tremsin
Summary: This study highlights the application of Bragg edge neutron imaging for the study of mechanical surface treatments, demonstrating its unique capabilities in providing near surface residual strain maps in samples with complex geometries.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Stratis Kanarachos, Ranggi S. Ramadhan, Winfried Kockelmann, Demetrios Venetsanos, Anton. S. Tremsin, Michael E. Fitzpatrick
Summary: Failures in bolted structural connections caused by corrosion can result in stress redistribution and structural failures. This paper presents strain maps in corroded bolted connections for the first time using energy-resolved neutron transmission imaging. The study compares the strain distribution in corroded and non-corroded assemblies under different bolt-tightening techniques.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Adrian Brugger, Hassina Z. Bilheux, Jiao Y. Y. Lin, George J. Nelson, Andrew M. Kiss, Jonathan Morris, Matthew J. Connolly, Alexander M. Long, Anton S. Tremsin, Andrea Strzelec, Mark H. Anderson, Robert Agasie, Charles E. A. Finney, Martin L. Wissink, Mija H. Hubler, Roland J. -M. Pellenq, Claire E. White, Brent J. Heuser, Aaron E. Craft, Jason M. Harp, Chuting Tan, Kathryn Morris, Ann Junghans, Sanna Sevanto, Jeffrey M. Warren, Fernando Esteban L. Florez, Alexandru S. Biris, Maria Cekanova, Nikolay Kardjilov, Burkhard Schillinger, Matthew J. Frost, Sven C. Vogel
Summary: The Oak Ridge National Laboratory plans to build the Second Target Station at the Spallation Neutron Source, which will feature a suite of novel instruments complementing the capabilities of the existing First Target Station. Among the first eight instruments to be commissioned at the Second Target Station is (CUPID)-D-2, a neutron imaging beamline designed for various scientific applications. It utilizes a high flux of wavelength-separated cold neutrons to perform real-time neutron grating interferometry and Bragg edge imaging across a broad range of length and time scales.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
U. K. Oji, V. Pacheco, M. Sahlberg, A. Backs, R. Woracek, D. E. Pooley, G. J. Nilsen, K. Nemkovski, W. Kockelmann, A. S. Tremsin, A. Hilger, R. Ziesche, I. Manke, R. Cubitt, N. Kardjilov
Summary: In this study, a polarized neutron imaging option was designed and implemented on the Imaging and Materials Science & Engineering Station (IMAT) for characterizing magnetic materials in various engineering applications. By performing polarized measurements, it was discovered that the anisotropy of the material can be engineered by varying the fabrication parameters.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Margaret R. McCarter, Ahmad I. U. Saleheen, Arnab Singh, Ryan Tumbleson, Justin S. Woods, Anton S. Tremsin, Andreas Scholl, Lance E. De Long, J. Todd Hastings, Sophie A. Morley, Sujoy Roy
Summary: X-ray beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) are a promising tool for x-ray characterization techniques, allowing the probing of new material properties. In this study, a dichroic effect was demonstrated in resonant diffraction from an artificial antiferromagnet with a topological defect, utilizing the OAM beams. The circular dichroism observed in the scattered OAM beam reveals the real-space configuration of the antiferromagnetic ground state, indicating the potential of utilizing OAM beams to probe matter in a way that is inaccessible with currently available x-ray techniques.