Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ning Xu, Yue Song, Chenfan Zheng, Shan Li, Zhen Yang, Meng Jiang
Summary: Recent research has found that polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) can hinder the growth of plants and crops, including rice. This study aimed to examine the impact of PS-NPs of different sizes and charges on rice growth, as well as investigate the underlying mechanisms and potential strategies to mitigate their effects. The results showed that positively charged PS-NPs (80 nm PS-NH2) had the most significant negative impact on rice growth, reducing dry biomass, root length, and plant height.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Haimiao Zhang, Zixuan Rong, Yang Li, Ziyi Yin, Chongchong Lu, Haipeng Zhao, Lingguang Kong, Lun Meng, Xinhua Ding
Summary: This study reveals the existence of a nitrilase-dependent IAA biosynthesis pathway in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc). Genes related to IAA synthesis promote Xoc colonization by inhibiting rice immune defense response and increasing IAA content in Xoc, which affects rice growth.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yue He, Ting Zhang, Yu Sun, Xuejing Wang, Qingqing Cao, Zhigang Fang, Ming Chang, Qingsheng Cai, Laiqing Lou
Summary: The study showed that exogenous plant hormone IAA has a significant impact on the growth of rice and the accumulation of As, promoting rice growth and reducing As accumulation in rice grains.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abba Nabayi, Christopher Teh Boon Sung, Ali Tan Kee Zuan, Tan Ngai Paing
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of fermenting washed rice water (WRW) on bacterial population and nutrient composition. The results indicated that fermenting WRW can potentially increase plant growth and enhance soil health, particularly after 3 days of fermentation.
Review
Cell Biology
Shifu Aggarwal, Muthiah Kumaraswami
Summary: Host restricts the access of manganese to pathogens during infection, while excess manganese also affects the virulence of streptococci. Streptococci employ a sensory system to counter host-induced manganese stress. Understanding the molecular details of host-streptococcal interactions and streptococcal effectors is important for bacterial pathophysiology.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Georgina Pesti-Asboth, Piroska Molnar-Birone, Ildiko Forgacs, Judit Remenyik, Judit Dobranszki
Summary: Melatonin, an ancient hormone, plays a prominent role in the growth and development of plants. This study investigated the relationship between endogenous melatonin and the antioxidant system in potato plants under ultrasound stress. Results showed that ultrasound stress activated the defense system and decreased melatonin levels. Melatonin provided protection against membrane damage caused by ultrasound treatment. It acts as a key component in regulating various biochemical, cellular, and physiological responses.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuxuan Xiong, Zhengtao Yong, Shiyou Li, Qiang Wang, Xiang Chen, Zhijie Zhang, Qingfu Zhao, Qingyuan Deng, Xiangliang Yang, Zifu Li
Summary: This study reports a tumor microenvironment-activatable nano-modulator capable of disrupting adaptive redox homeostasis in cancer cells. The nano-modulator releases active components under acidic tumor conditions, leading to sustained oxidative stress, growth inhibition, and eradication of cancer stem cells.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Aminah A. Barqawi, Aala A. Abulfaraj
Summary: The study aims to identify salt stress-related genes and mechanisms in wild barley Hordeum spontaneum. Analysis of RNA-Seq datasets revealed that several regulated transcripts are influenced by cellular levels of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. These regulated genes are involved in processes such as photorespiration, ubiquitination, plant growth, and development under salt stress. The study identifies specific genes encoding alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), asparagine synthetase (ASN), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase (AASAS), small auxin-up RNA 40 (SAUR40), E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, and tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-domain suppressor of STIMPY (TSS) that play important roles in various cellular and physiological processes under biotic and abiotic stresses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chaohui Ding, Xianhui Lin, Ying Zuo, Zhilin Yu, Scott R. Baerson, Zhiqiang Pan, Rensen Zeng, Yuanyuan Song
Summary: Transcription factor OsbZIP49 plays a significant role in determining plant architecture in rice by influencing local auxin homeostasis and gravitropic responses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Christian Santos-Medellin, Zachary Liechty, Joseph Edwards, Bao Nguyen, Bihua Huang, Bart C. Weimer, Venkatesan Sundaresan
Summary: The study shows that drought stress can alter the composition of rice root microbiomes, with certain important bacterial groups significantly enriched during drought and maintaining a lasting impact even after rewatering, leading to increased instability in the root microbiota.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui-Yu Huang, Qian-Qian Ren, Yin-Hua Lai, Ming-Yi Peng, Jiang Zhang, Lin-Tong Yang, Zeng-Rong Huang, Li-Song Chen
Summary: The study revealed that copper toxicity in 'Shatian' pummelo leaves led to increased levels of amino acids and derivatives, accumulation of carbohydrates and alcohols, decreased phospholipid levels, and induction of biosynthesis of chelators and vitamins. The upregulation of antioxidants in response to copper toxicity did not prevent oxidative damage in the leaves.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Maulana Malik Nashrulloh, Rujira Dolphen, Paitip Thiravetyan
Summary: The combination of plant growth promoting bacteria and optimized fertilization can enhance crop yield by modulating endogenous hormone levels. Significant increase in grain yield was observed in certain Thai rice cultivars, while there was no significant effect in others.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Sara Bernardo, Lia-Tania Dinis, Nelson Machado, Ana Barros, Marta Pitarch-Bielsa, Aureliano C. Malheiro, Aurelio Gomez-Cadenas, Jose Moutinho-Pereira
Summary: The application of kaolin particle film in grapevines was studied in two growing seasons to evaluate its effects on phytohormones, antioxidant defense, and oenological parameters. Results showed that kaolin delayed ripening processes under severe summer stress conditions and improved antioxidant defense and phytohormone balance in treated berries, with significant interactions observed between kaolin treatment, variety, and developmental stage in both assessed years.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Lamnganbi Mutum, Tibor Janda, Eva Darko, Gabriella Szalai, Kamiran Aron Hamow, Zoltan Molnar
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selected microalgae strains on germination ability and physiological processes in winter wheat plants. The results showed that different strains had varying impacts on germination, with some strains improving the process while others performed worse than the control. Microalgae biomass exhibited auxin-like activity, particularly in strain MACC-612, which had the highest level of indole-3-acetic-acid. Foliar spray of microalgae biomass did not significantly affect photosynthesis, but it did alter the composition of secondary metabolites and plant hormones. The application of certain microalgae strains can effectively improve wheat seed germination and modify acclimation processes in a genotype-dependent manner.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yingying Song, Xinyan Qu, Mei Guo, Qiongzheng Hu, Yan Mu, Na Hao, Yunbo Wei, Quanbo Wang, Charles R. Mackay
Summary: Tryptophan metabolites, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), play a critical role in gut health by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and have potential for treating gastrointestinal disorders. A method of delivering IAA to the colon is through esterified starches that can be digested by gut microbes. The study shows that IAA esterified to high amylose maize starch (HAMSIAA) effectively increases IAA levels in the colon and improves colitis by activating AhR downstream pathways.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuji Suzuki, Keiki Ishiyama, Misaki Sugawara, Yuka Suzuki, Eri Kondo, Yuki Takegahara-Tamakawa, Dong-Kyung Yoon, Mao Suganami, Shinya Wada, Chikahiro Miyake, Amane Makino
Summary: In this study, it was found that overproduction of GAPDH can increase the rate of CO2 assimilation under elevated [CO2] conditions in transgenic rice, although the increase is relatively small. However, this overexpression did not significantly affect the biomass production of the plants under elevated [CO2] conditions.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuji Suzuki, Keiki Ishiyama, Ayaka Cho, Yuki Takegahara-Tamakawa, Shinya Wada, Chikahiro Miyake, Amane Makino
Summary: The overproduction of Rubisco and GAPDH in transgenic rice plants increased their respective activities, but did not lead to an increase in CO2 assimilation rate under high irradiance and different CO2 concentrations. Photosynthesis in these plants may be co-limited by Rubisco, GAPDH, and other unknown factor.
SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mao Suganami, So Konno, Ryo Maruhashi, Daisuke Takagi, Youshi Tazoe, Shinya Wada, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Toshiharu Shikanai, Hiroyuki Ishida, Yuji Suzuki, Amane Makino
Summary: Overproduction of Rubisco activase increases the fragility of photosystem I in rice plants. The quantum yield of acceptor-side limitation of PSI increases, while the quantum yield of PSI and CO2 assimilation decreases. However, expression of flavodiiron protein restores the robustness of photosystem I.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hiroshi Ozaki, Daisuke Takagi, Yusuke Mizokami, Takeshi Tokida, Hirofumi Nakamura, Hidemitsu Sakai, Toshihiro Hasegawa, Ko Noguchi
Summary: The recovery from photoinhibition is slower in PSI than in PSII, and the susceptibility of PSI to photoinhibition is influenced by environmental factors and rice varieties. Chlorophyll and nitrogen content are related to the susceptibility.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Marin Tanaka, Mamoru Keira, Dong-Kyung Yoon, Tadahiko Mae, Hiroyuki Ishida, Amane Makino, Keiki Ishiyama
Summary: This study found that improvements in photosynthetic capacity, including higher leaf nitrogen and Rubisco contents, enlarged leaf area, and extended lifespan of flag leaves, led to an increase in grain yields of RBCS-sense rice plants grown under sufficient nitrogen fertilization.
Article
Plant Sciences
Takayuki Fujita, Marcel Pascal Beier, Mayumi Tabuchi-Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Hayatsu, Haruka Nakamura, Toshiko Umetsu-Ohashi, Kazuhiro Sasaki, Keiki Ishiyama, Emiko Murozuka, Mikiko Kojima, Hitoshi Sakakibara, Yuki Sawa, Akio Miyao, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Yamaya, Soichi Kojima
Summary: This study investigates the unique physiological roles of GS1;3 in the early stage of seed germination and grain filling under N deficient conditions in rice, and its impact on rice growth and yield.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Dong-Kyung Yoon, Mao Suganami, Keiki Ishiyama, Takaaki Kagawa, Marin Tanaka, Rina Nagao, Daisuke Takagi, Hiroyuki Ishida, Yuji Suzuki, Tadahiko Mae, Amane Makino, Mitsuhiro Obara
Summary: The Green Revolution increased crop yield but also caused environmental pollution. However, a study found that a mutated allele of the GS3 gene in the Akita 63 rice cultivar can significantly increase yield and improve nitrogen-use efficiency. By introducing this allele, further yield increase can be achieved without additional nitrogen fertilization.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amane Makino, Yuji Suzuki, Keiki Ishiyama
Summary: The success of dwarf breeding of rice is attributed to increased source and sink capacities dependent on significant inputs of N fertilizer, which has had an impact on the environment. Transgenic rice overproducing Rubisco has shown improved N use efficiency in paddy fields under high N fertilization. Enhancing photosynthesis is crucial for increasing the yield of high-yielding cultivars.
Article
Plant Sciences
Soichi Kojima, Haruka Minagawa, Chika Yoshida, Eri Inoue, Hideki Takahashi, Keiki Ishiyama
Summary: Ammonium assimilation in plants involves the synthesis of amino acids through the GS/GOGAT cycle. The expression of GS and GOGAT isoenzymes, GLN1;2 and GLT1, in Arabidopsis is regulated by glutamine or post-glutamine metabolites rather than directly induced by ammonium. The study also identified a conserved ammonium-responsive region in the promoters of GLN1;2 and GLT1, and a trihelix transcription factor DF1 that binds to this region.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daisuke Takagi, Saya Tani
Summary: Photosynthetic organisms produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photosynthesis, leading to photoinhibition. This study investigated the O2 dependence of photoinhibition in PSI and found that the degree of photoinhibition increased linearly with increasing O2 partial pressure. Higher photon flux density reduced the sensitivity of photoinhibition to O2. The results suggest that ROS production in PSI occurs through an electron-leakage reaction.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Mitsuhiro Obara, Yoshihiro Kaneta, Ikuko Kodama, Sinichi Matsumoto, Tomohiko Kawamoto, Keiki Ishiyama, Tadahiko Mae, Amane Makino
Summary: The development of crop varieties with high nitrogen-use efficiency is crucial for sustainable cereal production. This study confirms the significant role of the GS3 gene in the nitrogen-use efficiency and grain yield of the rice cultivar 'Akita 63'. These findings have implications for the development of nitrogen-efficient rice varieties.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuji Suzuki, Keiki Ishiyama, Dong-Kyung Yoon, Yuki Takegahara-Tamakawa, Eri Kondo, Mao Suganami, Shinya Wada, Chikahiro Miyake, Amane Makino
Summary: Suppression of chloroplast triose phosphate isomerase leads to photosynthesis limitation at elevated [CO2], mainly caused by Pi availability for ATP synthesis. Decreased cpTPI content affects the CO2 sensitivity of CO2 assimilation and pool sizes of metabolites, underscoring the crucial role of cpTPI in preventing Pi-limited photosynthesis. The linear relationship between cpTPI content and photosynthetic capacity at elevated [CO2] highlights the necessity of sufficient cpTPI functioning for optimal photosynthesis.