Deformation and Failure Properties of High-Ni Lithium-Ion Battery under Axial Loads

To explore the failure modes of high-Ni batteries under different axial loads, quasi-static compression and dynamic impact tests were carried out. The characteristics of voltage, load, and temperature of a battery cell with different states of charge (SOCs) were investigated in quasi-static tests. The mechanical response and safety performance of lithium-ion batteries subjected to axial shock wave impact load were also investigated by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. Different failure modes of the battery were identified. Under quasi-static axial compression, the intensity of thermal runaway becomes more severe with the increase in SOC and loading speed, and the time for lithium-ion batteries to reach complete failure decreases with the increase in SOC. In comparison, under dynamic SHPB experiments, an internal short circuit occurred after impact, but no violent thermal runaway was observed.

Automated summary

Different failure modes of high-Ni batteries under different axial loads were investigated through quasi-static compression and dynamic impact tests. The severity of thermal runaway increased with higher SOC and loading speed in quasi-static compression, while internal short circuit occurred after impact in dynamic SHPB experiments without violent thermal runaway.