Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Kleinman, Adam M. Morgan, Rachel Ostrand, Eva Wittenberg
Summary: This study investigates the lasting effects of external experiences on language comprehension by leveraging the frequent occurrence of specific words during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through four online experiments, the researchers find that the pandemic has changed how listeners process speech and their expectations of ambiguous input, indicating enduring changes to the language system can result from abrupt changes in linguistic exposure.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amy J. Warner, Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader, Rena Lubker, Christopher Davies, Chad M. Novince
Summary: Tetracyclines, a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics, have unclear effects on bone metabolism and further research is needed to understand their impact on skeletal development and homeostasis.
Article
Soil Science
Jiani Lin, Dunmei Lin, Guangyu Zhu, Hongjuan Wang, Shenhua Qian, Liang Zhao, Yongchuan Yang, Nicolas Fanin
Summary: The decomposition of earthworm cadavers decreased the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities, with significant shifts in fungal and protistan communities towards r-selected copiotrophic strategists. The results suggest that dead earthworms play a distinct role in influencing soil microbial communities and associated functioning, highlighting the need to consider the afterlife effects of soil biota.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chris Woolston
Summary: In response to disrupted lab time, researchers globally have shifted their focus to data analysis, experiment planning, and paper writing and reviewing, according to a global survey.
Editorial Material
Food Science & Technology
Paul M. Lohmann
Summary: Low-cost informational interventions can promote long-lasting dietary change by highlighting the environmental and health benefits of reducing meat consumption, and can also generate support for systemic meat reduction policies.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Esther Blanco, Alexandra Baier, Felix Holzmeister, Tarek Jaber-Lopez, Natalie Struwe
Summary: The experimental results demonstrate that donations to diverse social concerns are partially substituted by donations to the Covid-19 fund. Women and individuals taking actions against the pandemic and poverty tend to donate more, while those fearing risks from poverty donate less.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lei Liu, Di Wang, Xingzheng Li, Adeyinka Abiola Adetula, Adnan Khan, Bing Zhang, Huagui Liu, Ying Yu, Qin Chu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of maternal exposure to LPS on the immunity and reproductive performance of laying hens and their offspring. The results showed that LPS maternal stimulation reduced the egg-laying rate of hens and their offspring, with long-lasting effects on gene expression patterns. Further analysis revealed that LPS maternal stimulation mainly influenced the reproduction and immunity of laying hens and their offspring, with specific genes playing essential roles.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
J. H. R. Araujo, I. Mikajlo, T. Z. Lerch
Summary: Earthworm inoculation is an effective method for restoring degraded soils and improving the fertility of Technosols. However, there is limited documentation on the long-term effects of earthworm inoculation. This study conducted an outdoor experiment to evaluate the impact of earthworm inoculation on primary production in Technosols constructed with excavated mineral materials and green waste compost. The results showed that earthworm inoculation improved perennial plant biomass, especially in soils with lower organic matter content, potentially due to better phosphorus and potassium availability.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Political Science
Enrique Hernandez, Carol Galais
Summary: This article examines the effects of citizenship education through changes in Spanish education policies, identifying long-term impacts on political engagement, institutional support, and political values. Results suggest the emergence of a generation of critical yet passive citizens following the implementation of a standalone citizenship education subject in Spanish schools.
WEST EUROPEAN POLITICS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maryam Rouhani, Vahideh Valizadeh, Haleh Bakhshandeh, Sara Ali Hosseinzadeh, Sara Molasalehi, Seyed Mohammad Atyabi, Dariush Norouzian
Summary: In this study, immobilization of serratiopeptidase enzymes on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) was conducted to enhance their anti-biofilm activity. The enzymes were produced, purified, and conjugated to CNFs using chemical and physical methods. The immobilization of enzymes on CNFs improved their anti-biofilm activity, and the novel engineered serratiopeptidase (T344 [8-339ss]) showed the highest activity. Furthermore, the enzyme-conjugated CNFs did not exhibit any cytotoxicity.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chris Woolston
Summary: Researchers express their longing for a return to lab lunches and field trips, hoping for a future free of lockdowns.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lijun Guo, Xueliang Guo, Tian Luan, Shichao Zhu, Kai Lyu
Summary: The radiative effects of clouds and fog play an important role in sustaining long-lasting fog events in northern China. During the daytime, clouds and fog reduce solar radiation, preventing dissipation of fog, while at night, the greenhouse effect of clouds and fog increases surface net radiation, inhibiting further development of fog events.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Mariangela Iannello, Marica Mezzelani, Giulia Dalla Rovere, Morgan Smits, Tomaso Patarnello, Claudio Ciofi, Lisa Carraro, Luciano Boffo, Serena Ferraresso, Massimiliano Babbucci, Sandro Mazzariol, Cinzia Centelleghe, Barbara Cardazzo, Claudio Carrer, Maurizio Varagnolo, Alessandro Nardi, Lucia Pittura, Maura Benedetti, Daniele Fattorini, Francesco Regoli, Fabrizio Ghiselli, Stefania Gorbi, Luca Bargelloni, Massimo Milan
Summary: Chronic exposure to pollutants has long-lasting effects on the Manila clam hologenome, impacting immune genes and microbial communities. A 6-month transplantation experiment showed decreased stress response in PM clams and persistent differences in microbiota between PM and CH clams.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Devlin MacKeigan, Malte Feja, Sebastian Meller, Lillian Deking, Amina Javadova, Alva Veenhuis, Felix Felmy, Manuela Gernert
Summary: Chronic intracerebral microinfusion of valproate (VPA) can produce long-lasting antiseizure effects and prevent the development of drug tolerance in rats. This finding has important implications for intracerebral pharmacotherapy targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN).
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Ana Payo-Payo, Ana Sanz-Aguilar, Daniel Oro
Summary: Early life conditions have both immediate and long-lasting effects on vital traits and demographic structure in long-lived organisms. We used a dataset on adult Audouin's gulls to test different hypotheses explaining the effects of early life conditions on survival. We found that early life conditions explained a significant proportion of variation in adult survival, and that individuals experiencing poor early life conditions had higher adult survival, supporting the viability selection hypothesis. Additionally, our results show that inexperienced breeders and older individuals had lower survival. Understanding the mechanisms driving responses to early life conditions is important for understanding long-term dynamics of wild populations.
Article
Business
Jin H. Paik, Martin Scholl, Rinat Sergeev, Steven Randazzo, Karim R. Lakhani
RESEARCH-TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Kyle R. Myers, Wei Yang Tham, Yian Yin, Nina Cohodes, Jerry G. Thursby, Marie C. Thursby, Peter Schiffer, Joseph T. Walsh, Karim R. Lakhani, Dashun Wang
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2020)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yian Yin, Jian Gao, Benjamin F. Jones, Dashun Wang
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Luo-Luo Jiang, Jian Gao, Zhi Chen, Wen-Jing Li, Juergen Kurths
Summary: Collective cooperation is crucial in addressing social dilemmas, with larger groups having higher failure rates, bystander effect, and decreased average contributions. Altruists play a key role in successful groups, and bystanders dynamically adjust their contributions based on others. Designing mechanisms to reduce bystander effect, such as forming small groups, may effectively solve collective-risk social dilemmas.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Management
Jacqueline N. Lanei, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani
Summary: The evaluation of novel projects can be biased towards conservatism, with evaluators more likely to lower their scores after seeing more critical feedback than after seeing favorable feedback. Evaluators tend to focus on weaknesses and their confidence in judgment when exposed to negative feedback.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Management
Jacqueline N. Lane, Karim R. Lakhani, Roberto M. Fernandez
Summary: Competence development in digital technologies, analytics, and artificial intelligence is increasingly important to organizations and their workforce. However, there is a risk of bias against diverse demographic groups like women in these tech-heavy fields. Research shows that recruiters are less likely to contact and evaluate female prospects, and gender may influence their initial outreach decisions and evaluations. This research highlights the potential challenges for achieving gender equality and diversity in organizations' screening and selection decisions, and suggests the potential for demand-side interventions to address these gender disparities.
ORGANIZATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Management
Jacqueline N. Lane, Karim R. Lakhani, Roberto M. Fernandez
Summary: Competence development in digital technologies, analytics, and artificial intelligence is crucial, but there is a risk of bias against diverse demographic groups in these fields. Recruiters are less likely to initiate contact with female prospects and have gender-based outreach strategies, influenced by workload and limited attention.
ORGANIZATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Economics
Patrick J. Ferguson, Karim R. Lakhani
Summary: People prefer to consume contests with uncertain outcomes. By studying changes in teams' line-ups due to injuries in professional sports, we find that individuals are more likely to attend games with higher uncertainty. Using data from the Australian Football League and an instrumental variables design, we show that a one standard deviation increase in game outcome uncertainty leads to an average 11.2% increase in attendance. Our results suggest that previous studies may have underestimated spectators' preferences for evenly balanced contests, as compared to ordinary least square's estimates.
Article
Economics
Jian Gao, Bogang Jun, Alex 'Sandy' Pentland, Tao Zhou, Cesar A. Hidalgo
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of related industries and geographical distance in the diffusion of economic capabilities in China. Furthermore, it shows that the two spillover channels act as substitutes when explaining new entries and exits.
Article
Business
Jacqueline N. Lane, Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Eva Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani
Summary: This study found that interacting scientists acquire more knowledge and coauthor more papers when they share some overlapping interests, but cite each other's work between three and seven times less when they are from the same field. The findings reveal both collaborative and competitive effects of knowledge similarity on knowledge production outcomes.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Olivia S. Jung, Andrea Blasco, Karim R. Lakhani
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT REVIEW
(2020)
Article
Economics
Bogang Jun, Aamena Alshamsi, Jian Gao, Cesar A. Hidalgo
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMICS
(2020)
Article
Economics
Andrea Blasco, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani, Michael Menietti
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2019)
