Journal
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
Volume 300, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109595
Keywords
Spirocerca lupi; Heteroplasmy; Parasitic nematode; Genetic variation
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Funding
- University of Pretoria
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Spirocerca lupi from a dog in South Africa was sequenced and compared to other nematode species and S. lupi from China, showing some genetic diversity and variations. Phylogenetic analysis indicated similarity between S. lupi from the two continents. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in the nad2 gene, suggesting possible heteroplasmy with unknown origin.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Spirocerca lupi isolated from a dog in South Africa was sequenced using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology and the 12 protein coding genes along with the two rRNA genes were compared to 18 other nematode species as well as S. lupi from China. The mitochondrial genome of S. lupi South Africa had a mean genetic diversity of 6.1 % compared to S. lupi China with some variation in nucleotide composition, gene positioning and size. Pairwise distance results indicated slightly higher variation when compared to the pairwise distances of other closely related species, however, this variation was not high enough for it to be considered a cryptic species. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. lupi from the two continents are very similar. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in the nad2 gene with ten sequence variants identified from 10 clones from a single nematode, suggesting possible heteroplasmy. The origin of the heteroplasmy is currently unknown but it is speculated to have arisen from accumulated mutations in the mitochondria during somatic replication.
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