Article
Oncology
Catherine G. Tran, Paolo Goffredo, Sarah L. Mott, Mohammed O. Suraju, Julia F. Kohn, Aditi Mishra, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, Imran Hassan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of laterality, microsatellite instability (MSI), and KRAS status on conditional overall survival (COS) in colon cancer. The results show that mKRAS is associated with worse COS, suggesting a more aggressive biological behavior.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sofia Edin, Bjorn Gylling, Xingru Li, Asa Stenberg, Anna Lofgren-Burstrom, Carl Zingmark, Bethany van Guelpen, Ingrid Ljuslinder, Agnes Ling, Richard Palmqvist
Summary: This study investigates the tumor immune cell infiltration in relation to well-established molecular markers of colorectal cancer (CRC). The results show an association between higher immune cell infiltration and microsatellite instability, and opposite relationships of BRAF and KRAS mutations with tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T cells. The positive prognostic importance of cytotoxic T cells is found in wild-type as well as KRAS and BRAF-mutated CRCs in both cohorts.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Jae Woong Kim, Seong Won Moon, Ha Yoon Mo, Hyun Ji Son, Eun Ji Choi, Nam Jin Yoo, Chang Hyeok Ann, Sug Hyung Lee
Summary: Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by increased mutation accumulation in repetitive DNA sequences due to defects in mismatch repair genes. This study found frameshift mutations in candidate tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) RGS2, HNF1A, HNF1B, CAPN12, RCBTB2, ATE1, PKNOX1, and USP19 in MSI-H CRCs, but not in microsatellite stable (MSS) CRCs. Protein expression loss of RGS2, HNF1A, and CAPN12 was also observed in a subgroup of CRCs. These alterations in TSGs may play a role in CRC development, and further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and consequences.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shen-Yi Lian, Lu-Xin Tan, Xin-Zhi Liu, Lu-Jing Yang, Ning-Ning Li, Qing Feng, Ping Wang, Yue Wang, Dong-Bo Qiao, Li-Xin Zhou, Ting-Ting Sun, Lin Wang, Ai-Wen Wu, Zhong-Wu Li
Summary: This study assessed the clinicopathological features and prognostic values of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and DNA mismatch repair status in colorectal cancer (CRC) in developing countries. The mutation frequencies of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF were 41.7%, 1.6%, and 3.8%, respectively. KRAS mutations and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) status were associated with aggressive biological behaviors and poor differentiation, while BRAF (V600E) mutations were associated with well-differentiated tumors. The dMMR status predicted longer overall survival in all CRC patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ran Li, Xiaolu Wu, Ping Zhao, Kai Xue, Junmin Li
Summary: The study finds that HDAC11 is aberrantly expressed in multiple types of cancer and is associated with prognosis and tumor immunity. HDAC11 is also correlated with tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and drug sensitivity. These findings provide clues for further understanding of the key role of HDAC11 in multiple cancers.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruiqi Wang, Dan Cong, Yuansong Bai, Wenlong Zhang
Summary: Administration of fruquintinib after local radiotherapy demonstrated efficacy in a patient with metastatic colon cancer with high microsatellite instability and the KRAS exon 2 p. G12D mutation. Prior to fruquintinib, the patient received four cycles of pembrolizumab intravenous infusion with stable disease as the best outcome. Subsequent follow-up concurrent radiochemical therapy had little efficacy. However, fruquintinib led to sustained partial remission for 30 months in the patient. This highlights the potential of fruquintinib as a treatment option for specific populations with metastatic colorectal cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Inas Elsayed, Robert Geraghty, Salwa O. Mekki, Ahmed A. Mohamedani, Susan Ahern, Omer E. H. Salim, Balgis B. M. Khalil, Sawsan Abdelrahim, Suliman H. Suliman, Moawia M. A. Elhassan, Salah O. Salah, Mohamed E. Salih, Abubakr H. Widatalla, Osman S. Abdelhamed, Xiaosheng Wang, Eanna J. Ryan, Des Winter, Salih Bakhiet, Kieran Sheahan
Summary: There is a significant clinical need for molecular pathology services for colorectal cancer in Sudan. In this study, researchers aimed to introduce a molecular genetic service for colorectal cancer in Sudan and explore the molecular features and their relationship to patient survival and clinicopathological characteristics. They found that a subtype of mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer was present in 16% of cases, and a presumptive diagnosis of Lynch Syndrome was made in 14% of patients. The study also revealed a high mortality rate in Sudanese colorectal cancer patients, which was correlated with advanced disease stage and mismatch repair status.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jianlei Wang, Jianping Song, Zeyang Liu, Tingxiao Zhang, Yanfeng Liu
Summary: This study investigates the prognostic value of tumor mutation burden (TMB) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and finds that high TMB indicates better prognosis for CRC patients with KRAS mutations. The study also develops a prognostic model using TMB as a predictive indicator, which shows good accuracy and potential clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Catherine H. Feng, Mary L. Disis, Chao Cheng, Lanjing Zhang
Summary: This study developed a multimetric feature-selection based multinomial logistic regression model that outperformed random forest models in classifying the four-category outcome of colorectal cancer. Adding microsatellite instability and oncogenic-driver data to clinical and transcriptomic data improved models' performances, with pathologic staging, HBS1L, TSPYL4, and TP53TG3B as important features. Interestingly, precision and recall of tuned algorithms change as the feature number changes, but accuracy does not.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yixiang Zhan, Kemin Ni, Zhaoce Liu, Ran Xin, Qiurong Han, Hangyu Ping, Yaohong Liu, Xuanzhu Zhao, Wanting Wang, Suying Yan, Jing Sun, Qinghuai Zhang, Guihua Wang, Zili Zhang, Xipeng Zhang, Xia Hu, Guoxun Li, Chunze Zhang
Summary: We evaluated the prognostic value of chemotherapy and other factors on overall survival among colon patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and determined the optimal time for starting chemotherapy after surgery. Chemotherapy did not significantly improve overall survival for patients with stage I and II disease, including high-risk stage II disease. However, post-operation chemotherapy resulted in a significant improvement in overall survival for patients with stage III and IV disease. Among stage III patients, chemotherapy regimens containing oxaliplatin were particularly beneficial, and starting chemotherapy with oxaliplatin treatment earlier resulted in better outcomes. Chemotherapy was not beneficial for high-risk stage II dMMR colon patients, including T4N0M0 patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiaobin Zheng, Jing Lin, Jiani Xiong, Yanfang Guan, Bin Lan, Yi Li, Xuan Gao, Zhaodong Fei, Lisha Chen, Lizhu Chen, Ling Chen, Gang Chen, Zengqing Guo, Xin Yi, Weiguo Cao, Xinghao Ai, Chengzhi Zhou, Xiaofeng Li, Jun Zhao, Xiangtao Yan, Qitao Yu, Lu Si, Yu Chen, Chuanben Chen
Summary: This study found that SETD2 dysfunction affects the prognosis of immunotherapy independently of TMB-H and has a lower death hazard than TMB-H in pancancer patients. Therefore, SETD2 has the potential to serve as a candidate biomarker for immunotherapy, and should be considered when dMMR is detected by immunohistochemistry.
Article
Oncology
Kjersti Elvestad Hestetun, Nina Benedikte Rosenlund, Luka Stanisavljevic, Olav Dahl, Mette Pernille Myklebust
Summary: Deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) is associated with improved prognosis in stage II colon cancer but not in stage III colon cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiaoyu Liu, Xu Xu, Zhuozhuo Wu, Qungang Shan, Ziyin Wang, Zhiyuan Wu, Xiaoyi Ding, Wei Huang, Zhongmin Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of KRAS/TP53 mutation status and tumor sideness on the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer using integrated scRNA-seq data. Different functional immune cell subtypes were identified, including exhausted T cell subtypes and macrophages indicating unfavorable prognosis. The study also suggested potential therapeutic targets for dual mutant colorectal cancers and revealed the gradual remodeling of the immune microenvironment in colorectal cancers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Seong Won Moon, Hyun Ji Son, Ha Yoon Mo, Eun Ji Choi, Nam Jin Yoo, Sug Hyung Lee
Summary: Epigenetic dysregulation is a common feature in cancer, with NSD2, KDM2B, and SETMAR genes showing frame-shift mutations in high microsatellite instability colon cancer. The study also found intra-tumoral heterogeneity in NSD2 and KDM2B frame-shift mutations in colorectal cancer, suggesting potential implications in MSI-H cancer pathogenesis. Additionally, decreased NSD2 expression intensity in MSI-H colon cancer compared to MSS was observed through immunohistochemistry.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yang Li, Jun Xiao, Tiancheng Zhang, Yanying Zheng, Hailin Jin
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) in early colorectal cancer (ECRC) patients. It found that KRAS mutation can serve as an independent prognostic factor for ECRC patients. However, postoperative chemotherapy may not benefit ECRC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Sarah Kelley, Anna C. Beck, Ronald J. Weigel, James R. Howe, Sonia L. Sugg, Geeta Lal
Summary: This study assessed the impact of an institutional Endocrine MDT, finding that MDT presentations led to a higher rate of management changes, especially for recurrent TC patients, and increased evidenced-based practice among attendees. Attendees reported that the conference exceeded educational expectations, with a growing trend towards using evidence and guideline-based approaches.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Anna C. Beck, Sophia L. Fu, Junlin Liao, Amani Bashir, Sonia L. Sugg, Lillian M. Erdahl, Ronald J. Weigel, Ingrid M. Lizarraga
Summary: The study found that in patients with AH/LCIS, most patients received evaluation from breast surgeons, but only a small percentage accepted all risk management recommendations. MRI screening was more likely recommended in those with strong family history and high risk calculations, but 84% of patients did not receive any risk management recommendations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Catherine G. Tran, Scott K. Sherman, Mohammed O. Suraju, Apoorve Nayyar, Henning Gerke, Rami G. El Abiad, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Po Hien Ear, Thomas M. O'Dorisio, Joseph S. Dillon, Andrew M. Bellizzi, James R. Howe
Summary: The management of duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (DNETs) varies depending on the size of the lesion, with smaller ones typically treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and larger ones by surgical resection (SR). A study comparing outcomes between patients who underwent EMR and SR showed that there was no significant difference in survival rates, particularly in 1-2 cm DNETs. However, surgically resected DNETs had improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to jejunoileal NETs.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Anna C. Beck, Anand Rajan, Shannon Landers, Sarah Kelley, Andrew M. Bellizzi, Geeta Lal, Sonia L. Sugg, James R. Howe, Carlos H. Chan, Ronald J. Weigel
Summary: The study showed that the tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma has increased expression of cancer stem cell markers compared to classic papillary thyroid carcinoma. A gene signature similar to the tall cell variant identified a subtype of classic papillary thyroid carcinoma with worse recurrence-free survival.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Catherine G. Tran, Scott K. Sherman, Mohammed O. Suraju, Apoorve Nayyar, Henning Gerke, Rami G. El Abiad, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Po Hien Ear, Thomas M. O'Dorisio, Joseph S. Dillon, Andrew M. Bellizzi, James R. Howe
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Catherine G. Tran, Scott K. Sherman, James R. Howe
Summary: The optimal management of duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (DNETs) has not been well-defined, especially for DNETs 1-2 cm in size. Recent studies have shown that endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a safe and effective option for these intermediate-sized DNETs, which may lead to updates in expert and consensus guidelines.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Catherine G. Tran, Luis C. Borbon, Jacqueline L. Mudd, Ellen Abusada, Solmaz AghaAmiri, Sukhen C. Ghosh, Servando Hernandez Vargas, Guiying Li, Gabriella Beyer, Mary McDonough, Rachel Li, Carlos H. F. Chan, Susan A. Walsh, Thaddeus J. Wadas, Thomas O'Dorisio, M. Sue O'Dorisio, Ramaswamy Govindan, Paul F. Cliften, Ali Azhdarinia, Andrew M. Bellizzi, Ryan C. Fields, James R. Howe, Po Hien Ear
Summary: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP NENs) are rare cancers with increasing incidence. The lack of suitable cellular and animal models for studying and testing new therapies has posed challenges for research on GEP NENs. This study successfully established two PDX models (NEC913 and NEC1452) and demonstrated their utility in drug discovery and research on GEP NENs.
Article
Oncology
Cancan Lyu, Yuanchao Ye, Ronald J. Weigel, Songhai Chen
Summary: This study reveals that targeting Gi/o-GPCR signaling is a promising strategy for eradicating cancer stem cells (CSCs) and enhancing HER2-targeted therapy in breast cancer.
Article
Surgery
Sonja Boatman, Sarah L. Mott, Aasma Shaukat, Genevieve B. Melton, Wolfgang B. Gaertner, Martin Weiser, Sayeed Ikramuddin, Robert Madoff, Imran Hassan, Paolo Goffredo
Summary: This study investigated the association between the location of malignant colon polyps and overall survival. The findings suggest that right-sided polyps are associated with worse overall survival, highlighting the importance of considering polyp location in clinical decisions regarding treatment and surveillance.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexander Kreuter, Ulrike Wieland
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Paolo Goffredo, Nicholas D. Klemen, Imran Hassan
Summary: The study confirmed that high-resolution anoscopy-guided periodic ablation of HSIL can reduce the risk of anal cancer in HIV-positive patients, but the reduction is small and of debatable clinical relevance.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karlsdottir R. Bergljot, Zhou P. Peige, Wahba Joyce, Mott L. Sarah, Goffredo Paolo, Hrabe Jennifer, Hassan Imran, Kapadia R. Muneera, Gribovskaja-Rupp Irena
Summary: This study identified factors associated with higher perioperative opioid use in patients undergoing elective colorectal resection, including male gender, smoking, younger age, preoperative opioid use, preoperative abdominal pain, and epidural use. Perioperative administration of lidocaine was associated with decreased opioid requirements, which highlights the importance of understanding risk factors and stratifying postoperative pain regimens for improved pain control and decreased long-term dependency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Dorcas Opoku, Alexander Hart, Dakota T. Thompson, Catherine G. Tran, Mohammed O. Suraju, Jeremy Chang, Sonja Boatman, Alexander Troester, Paolo Goffredo, Imran Hassan
Summary: Ileal pouch anal anastomosis is associated with significant postoperative morbidity regardless of operative approach. Patient-related advantages in terms of perioperative outcomes for laparoscopic and robotic platforms compared to open surgery are not pronounced.
SURGERY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
