Journal
STRUCTURE
Volume 30, Issue 2, Pages 215-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.10.012
Keywords
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Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/M011224/1]
- Wellcome [208361/Z/17/Z]
- Medical Research Council (MRC) [MR/S009213/1]
- BBSRC [BB/P01948X/1, BB/R002517/1, BB/S003339/1]
- EPSRC [EP/R029407/1]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P020232/1]
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship - Wellcome Trust [202231/Z/16/Z]
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship - Royal Society [202231/Z/16/Z]
- Vallee Research Foundation
- Leverhulme Trust
- John Fell Fund
- Wellcome Trust [202231/Z/16/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
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In this study, the role of metal ions in the formation of Caulobacter crescentus S-layer was investigated. It was found that calcium ions facilitate S-layer lattice formation and cell-surface binding, and that bound metal ions are crucial for the S-layer lattice. The positions of metal ions in the S-layer were also mapped using advanced imaging techniques. These findings contribute to the understanding of S-layer formation and have implications for synthetic biology.
Surface layers (S-layers) are proteinaceous crystalline coats that constitute the outermost component of most prokaryotic cell envelopes. In this study, we have investigated the role of metal ions in the formation of the Caulobacter crescentus S-layer using high-resolution structural and cell biology techniques, as well as molecular simulations. Utilizing optical microscopy of fluorescently tagged S-layers, we show that calcium ions facilitate S-layer lattice formation and cell-surface binding. We report all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the S-layer lattice, revealing the importance of bound metal ions. Finally, using electron cryomicroscopy and long-wavelength X-ray diffraction experiments, we mapped the positions of metal ions in the S-layer at near-atomic resolution, supporting our insights from the cellular and simulations data. Our findings contribute to the understanding of how C. crescentus cells form a regularly arranged S-layer on their surface, with implications on fundamental S-layer biology and the synthetic biology of self-assembling biomaterials.
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