Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhongqian Yang, Liangqun Hua, Mengli Yang, Shu-Qun Liu, Jianxin Shen, Weiran Li, Qiong Long, Hongmei Bai, Xu Yang, Zhaoling Ren, Xiao Zheng, Wenjia Sun, Chao Ye, Duo Li, Peng Zheng, Jinrong He, Yongjun Chen, Weiwei Huang, Xiaozhong Peng, Yanbing Ma
Summary: The study utilized high-pressure homogenization technology to create bacterial biomimetic vesicles loaded with RBD, showing potential as a novel vaccine delivery system for eliciting SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abishek Chandrashekar, Jingyou Yu, Katherine McMahan, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Jinyan Liu, Xuan He, David Hope, Tochi Anioke, Julia Barrett, Benjamin Chung, Nicole P. Hachmann, Michelle Lifton, Jessica Miller, Olivia Powers, Michaela Sciacca, Daniel Sellers, Mazuba Siamatu, Nehalee Surve, Haley VanWyk, Huahua Wan, Cindy Wu, Laurent Pessaint, Daniel Valentin, Alex Van Ry, Jeanne Muench, Mona Boursiquot, Anthony Cook, Jason Velasco, Elyse Teow, Adrianus C. M. Boon, Mehul S. Suthar, Neharika Jain, Amanda J. Martinot, Mark G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study demonstrates that the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine and the adenovirus-vector-based Ad26.COV2.S vaccine provide robust protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. However, some vaccinated animals with moderate immune responses failed to fully control the virus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Letian Li, Maopeng Wang, Jiayi Hao, Jicheng Han, Tingting Fu, Jieying Bai, Mingyao Tian, Ningyi Jin, Guangze Zhu, Chang Li
Summary: A recombinant L. plantarum expressing RBD of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induced mucosal IgA antibodies and T cell immune response in mice, suggesting a promising mucosal vaccine candidate for preventing COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hung-Chun Liao, Wan-Ling Wu, Chen-Yi Chiang, Min-Syuan Huang, Kuan-Yin Shen, Yu-Ling Huang, Suh-Chin Wu, Ching-Len Liao, Hsin-Wei Chen, Shih-Jen Liu
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, global mass vaccination is crucial for achieving herd immunity. The study shows that the S-Trimer vaccine, when adjuvanted with SWE, induces strong antibody and cellular immune responses, providing neutralizing antibodies against the original and variant strains of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the SWE adjuvant allows for a lower vaccine dosage while maintaining effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yixin Wu, Huicong Zhang, Liuxian Meng, Fusheng Li, Changyuan Yu
Summary: This study compares the immune responses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA and recombinant protein vaccines, showing that both vaccines can elicit high levels of antibody responses, but with bias towards different IgG subtypes. Additionally, the mRNA vaccine induces stronger cellular immune responses compared to the recombinant protein vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ye Zhang, Ruixin Wang, Chunyan He, Yu-Fang Zhang, Zhongrui Luo, Jia Luo, Sisi Chen, Yu Jin, Bowen Xie, Ye Liu
Summary: The study develops a new vaccination strategy using a spherical amantadine-assembled nanostimulator (AAS) to activate the RLR signaling pathway in the host immune system. This strategy enhances the cross-neutralization of different SARS-CoV-2 strains and improves the antibody response against the virus.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yongjun Sui, Jianping Li, Roushu Zhang, Sunaina Kiran Prabhu, Hanne Andersen, David Venzon, Anthony Cook, Renita Brown, Elyse Teow, Jason Velasco, Jack Greenhouse, Tammy Putman-Taylor, Tracey-Ann Campbell, Laurent Pessaint, Ian N. Moore, Laurel Lagenaur, Jim Talton, Matthew W. Breed, Josh Kramer, Kevin W. Bock, Mahnaz Minai, Bianca M. Nagata, Mark G. Lewis, Lai-Xi Wang, Jay A. Berzofsky
Summary: Comparing two adjuvanted subunit vaccines in rhesus macaques, the study found that both vaccines were effective in protecting against respiratory SARS-CoV-2 exposure, despite potential differences in mucosal and systemic protective mechanisms. The mucosal vaccine was shown to be safe after multiple doses, efficiently clearing the input virus from the nasal cavity, and may serve as a potent complementary boost to conventional systemic vaccines for overall better protection.
Article
Immunology
Konlavat Siriwattananon, Suwimon Manopwisedjaroen, Balamurugan Shanmugaraj, Eakachai Prompetchara, Chutitorn Ketloy, Supranee Buranapraditkun, Kittipan Tharakhet, Papatsara Kaewpang, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Arunee Thitithanyanont, Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
Summary: This study compares the immunogenicity of different commercially available adjuvants for plant-produced SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Fc vaccines and finds that all tested adjuvants induce high levels of immune responses, but mPLA-SM and poly(I:C) balance IgG1 and IgG2a (Th2/Th1) immune responses. The data reveals the adjuvants' role in enhancing the immune response and immune profiles, providing insights for the development of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Fc subunit vaccines.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Muik, Ann-Kathrin Wallisch, Bianca Saenger, Kena A. Swanson, Julia Muehl, Wei Chen, Hui Cai, Daniel Maurus, Ritu Sarkar, Oezlem Tuereci, Philip R. Dormitzer, Ugur Sahin
Summary: A new SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 has emerged in the UK, which is more transmissible and faster spreading than other strains. However, a study found that the BNT162b2 vaccine offers largely preserved protection against the B.1.1.7 lineage, despite some reduced neutralizing titers.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ping-Han Huang, Hsiao-Han Tsai, Bo-Hung Liao, Yi-Ling Lin, Jia-Tsrong Jan, Mi-Hua Tao, Yu-Chi Chou, Che-Ming Jack Hu, Hui-Wen Chen
Summary: The study demonstrates that immunization with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein in mice can induce a strong antibody response and potent neutralizing capability against the virus.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Khadija Khan, Farina Karim, Yashica Ganga, Mallory Bernstein, Zesuliwe Jule, Kajal Reedoy, Sandile Cele, Gila Lustig, Daniel Amoako, Nicole Wolter, Natasha Samsunder, Aida Sivro, James Emmanuel San, Jennifer Giandhari, Houriiyah Tegally, Sureshnee Pillay, Yeshnee Naidoo, Matilda Mazibuko, Yoliswa Miya, Nokuthula Ngcobo, Nithendra Manickchund, Nombulelo Magula, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Anne von Gottberg, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Willem Hanekom, Bernadett Gosnell, Richard J. Lessells, Tulio de Oliveira, Mahomed-Yunus S. Moosa, Alex Sigal
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages BA.4 and BA.5, first identified in South Africa, have mutations in the spike receptor binding domain compared to BA.1. Experimental results show that BA.4 and BA.5 have reduced neutralization against BA.1 in unvaccinated individuals, but this effect is less pronounced in vaccinated individuals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianying Liu, Yang Liu, Hongjie Xia, Jing Zou, Scott C. Weaver, Kena A. Swanson, Hui Cai, Mark Cutler, David Cooper, Alexander Muik, Kathrin U. Jansen, Ugur Sahin, Xuping Xie, Philip R. Dormitzer, Pei-Yong Shi
Summary: Serum samples from individuals vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine can neutralize various SARS-CoV-2 variants, indicating mass immunization as a central strategy to end the global COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Immunology
Sonia Jangra, Jeffrey J. Landers, Raveen Rathnasinghe, Jessica J. O'Konek, Katarzyna W. Janczak, Marilia Cascalho, Andrew A. Kennedy, Andrew W. Tai, James R. Baker, Michael Schotsaert, Pamela T. Wong
Summary: Developed intranasal adjuvant shows robust immune responses and high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice, providing potential cross-protection against future drift variants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Takuya Tada, Hao Zhou, Belinda M. Dcosta, Marie I. Samanovic, Vidya Chivukula, Ramin S. Herati, Stevan R. Hubbard, Mark J. Mulligan, Nathaniel R. Landau
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has significantly reduced sensitivity to neutralization by vaccines and vaccine-elicited antibodies. However, a booster immunization can enhance the neutralizing effect against Omicron. In addition, individuals with a history of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection showed increased neutralizing activity against Omicron. Different monoclonal antibodies showed varying effectiveness against the Omicron variant.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Khadija Khan, Farina Karim, Sandile Cele, Kajal Reedoy, James Emmanuel San, Gila Lustig, Houriiyah Tegally, Yuval Rosenberg, Mallory Bernstein, Zesuliwe Jule, Yashica Ganga, Nokuthula Ngcobo, Matilda Mazibuko, Ntombifuthi Mthabela, Zoey Mhlane, Nikiwe Mbatha, Yoliswa Miya, Jennifer Giandhari, Yajna Ramphal, Taryn Naidoo, Aida Sivro, Natasha Samsunder, Ayesha B. M. Kharsany, Daniel Amoako, Jinal N. Bhiman, Nithendra Manickchund, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Nombulelo Magula, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Glenda Gray, Willem Hanekom, Anne von Gottberg, COMMIT-KZN Team, Ron Milo, Bernadett Gosnell, Richard J. Lessells, Penny L. Moore, Tulio de Oliveira, Mahomed-Yunus S. Moosa, Alex Sigal
Summary: This study measured the neutralization capacity of individuals infected with Omicron sublineage BA.1 in South Africa. The results showed that vaccination and Omicron BA.1 infection together can provide protection against Delta and other variants, while infection with Omicron BA.1 alone offers limited cross-protection despite moderate enhancement.
Article
Immunology
Jianyu Lai, Kristen K. Coleman, S. H. Sheldon Tai, Jennifer German, Filbert Hong, Barbara Albert, Yi Esparza, Aditya K. Srikakulapu, Maria Schanz, Isabel Sierra Maldonado, Molly Oertel, Naja Fadul, T. Louie Gold, Stuart Weston, Kristin Mullins, Kathleen M. McPhaul, Matthew Frieman, Donald K. Milton
Summary: This study measured the infectivity and rate of SARS-CoV-2 shedding into exhaled breath aerosol (EBA) by individuals infected with Delta and Omicron variants. The results showed that these variants shed more viral RNA copies into EBAs compared to ancestral strains and variants not associated with increased transmissibility. Vaccinated and boosted individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 can also shed infectious viral aerosols. These findings highlight the dominant role of infectious aerosols in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Miller, Nicole P. Hachmann, Ai-ris Y. Collier, Ninaad Lasrado, Camille R. Mazurek, Robert C. Patio, Olivia Powers, Nehalee Surve, James Theiler, Bette Korber, Dan H. Barouch
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raaj S. Mehta, Jared R. Mayers, Yancong Zhang, Amrisha Bhosle, Nathaniel R. Glasser, Long H. Nguyen, Wenjie Ma, Sena Bae, Tobyn Branck, Kijun Song, Luke Sebastian, Julian Avila Pacheco, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Clary Clish, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Eric A. Franzosa, Emily P. Balskus, Andrew T. Chan, Curtis Huttenhower
Summary: A multi-omics workflow was used to identify the microbial pathways responsible for the degradation of the drug 5-ASA in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The study found 12 previously uncharacterized microbial acetyltransferases associated with 5-ASA inactivation. In addition, three microbial thiolases and one acyl-CoA N-acyltransferase were found to be epidemiologically associated with an increased risk of treatment failure among 5-ASA users.
Correction
Immunology
Etsuro Nanishi, Francesco Borriello, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Timothy R. O'Meara, Marisa E. McGrath, Yoshine Saito, Jing Chen, Joann Diray-Arce, Kijun Song, Andrew Z. Xu, Soumik Barman, Manisha Menon, Danica Dong, Timothy M. Caradonna, Jared Feldman, Blake M. Hauser, Aaron G. Schmidt, Lindsey R. Baden, Robert K. Ernst, Carly Dillen, Jingyou Yu, Aiquan Chang, Luuk Hilgers, Peter Paul Platenburg, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Dan H. Barouch, Al Ozonoff, Ivan Zanoni, Matthew B. Frieman, David J. Dowling, Ofer Levy
Article
Immunology
Etsuro Nanishi, Francesco Borriello, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Timothy R. O'Meara, Marisa E. McGrath, Yoshine Saito, Jing Chen, Joann Diray-Arce, Kijun Song, Andrew Z. Xu, Soumik Barman, Manisha Menon, Danica Dong, Timothy M. Caradonna, Jared Feldman, Blake M. Hauser, Aaron G. Schmidt, Lindsey R. Baden, Robert K. Ernst, Carly Dillen, Jingyou Yu, Aiquan Chang, Luuk Hilgers, Peter Paul Platenburg, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Dan H. Barouch, Al Ozonoff, Ivan Zanoni, Matthew B. Frieman, David J. Dowling, Ofer Levy
Summary: The development of vaccines that protect vulnerable populations from SARS-CoV-2 is a public health priority. This study tested different adjuvants and SARS-CoV-2 antigens to identify a combination that induces antibodies and protection in both young and aged mice. An oil-in-water emulsion containing carbohydrate fatty acid monosulphate derivative (CMS:O/W) was found to be the most effective in enhancing immune response and protection across age groups.
Review
Immunology
Elisabeth M. S. Beijnen, Oludare A. Odumade, Simon D. van Haren
Summary: Clinical manifestations of primary COVID infection in children are generally milder than in adults, with severe cases occurring mainly in children with underlying medical conditions. However, the burden of COVID-19 in children is still significant, and the incidence rates in children have increased during the pandemic. Vaccination is important for enhancing immunogenicity and protection in children, but specific vaccines for this population are limited. This review summarizes age-specific differences in COVID-19 pathogenesis and clinical manifestation, and discusses advances in pediatric vaccine development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel J. Vidal, Daniel Sellers, Jingyou Yu, Shoko Wakabayashi, Jaimie Sixsmith, Malika Aid, Julia Barrett, Sage F. Stevens, Xiaowen Li, Wenjun Li, Courtney R. Plumlee, Kevin B. Urdahl, Amanda J. Martinot, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study found that the live attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine Delta LprG provided better protection compared to BCG in a low-dose murine aerosol challenge model, preventing infection establishment and dissemination and confining the infection to one lung. The protection was partially influenced by certain cytokines.
Article
Allergy
Timothy R. O'Meara, Etsuro Nanishi, Marisa E. Mcgrath, Soumik Barman, Danica Dong, Carly Dillen, Manisha Menon, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Robert K. Ernst, Ofer Levy, Matthew B. Frieman, David J. Dowling
Summary: This study used a mouse model to investigate the effects of comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity on vaccine immunogenicity and protection. The results showed that mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited reduced antibody response and T-cell activation after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, as well as decreased protection against lung infection.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Sunshine, Andreas S. Puschnik, Joseph M. Replogle, Matthew T. Laurie, Jamin Liu, Beth Shoshana Zha, James K. Nunez, Janie R. Byrum, Aidan H. Mcmorrow, Matthew B. Frieman, Juliane Winkler, Xiaojie Qiu, Oren S. Rosenberg, Manuel D. Leonetti, Chun Jimmie Ye, Jonathan S. Weissman, Joseph L. Derisi, Marco Y. Hein
Summary: This study investigates the host dependencies of SARS-CoV-2 using Perturb-seq technology to genetically perturb host factors and monitor the course of infection through single-cell sequencing. It identifies NFKBIA, EIF4E2, and EIF4H as strong host dependency factors in early infection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Malika Aid, Alessandro Colarusso, Victoria Walker-Sperling, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: The discovery of biomarkers that predict viral rebound after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) would significantly contribute to the HIV cure field.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)