Article
Oncology
Ayumu Matsuoka, Shinichi Tate, Kyoko Nishikimi, Tastuya Kobayashi, Satoyo Otsuka, Makio Shozu
Summary: This study found that preoperative serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are an extremely useful marker for differentiating granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) from other ovarian tumors. The GCT group had significantly lower serum FSH levels compared to the non-GCT group, while serum sex steroid hormone levels were significantly higher. Furthermore, serum FSH levels showed high sensitivity and specificity and served as a reliable indicator for distinguishing GCTs from other ovarian tumors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olayiwola O. Oduwole, Ariel Poliandri, Anthony Okolo, Phil Rawson, Milena Doroszko, Marcin Chrusciel, Nafis A. Rahman, Gilberto Serrano de Almeida, Charlotte L. Bevan, Wolfgang Koechling, Ilpo T. Huhtaniemi
Summary: The study suggests that FSH, rather than LH, may directly stimulate the growth of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Continuous suppression of FSH during GnRH antagonist treatment may offer a therapeutic advantage over agonist in inhibiting tumor growth.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Baoqiang Fu, Yilin Yao, Dai Heng, Ningxin Li, Xiaoshu Ma, Qiaozhi Wang, Yanzhou Yang, Cheng Zhang
Summary: Melatonin inhibits ovarian cell development by downregulating the expression level of OCT4, possibly mediated by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt and GSK3 beta/beta-catenin pathway. As a negative regulator, melatonin attenuates the effects of gonadotropin on ovarian granulosa cells.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gillian P. Johnson, Caitlan G. A. Onabanjo, Kate Hardy, Viktor Y. Butnev, George R. Bousfield, Kim C. Jonas
Summary: The glycosylation variants of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) have differential effects on ovarian follicle growth and survival, with partially glycosylated FSH promoting follicle function and fully glycosylated FSH causing follicle damage and apoptosis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teresa Zarinan, Julio Mayorga, Eduardo Jardon-Valadez, Ruben Gutierrez-Sagal, Jose Luis Maravillas-Montero, Nancy R. Mejia-Dominguez, Ivan Martinez-Luis, Omar G. Yacini-Torres, Ma del-Carmen Cravioto, Eric Reiter, Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
Summary: A novel missense mutation (I423T) in the FSHR second transmembrane domain was identified in a woman with primary ovarian failure, leading to impaired receptor expression and signaling. Meanwhile, the D408Y mutation severely affected membrane expression and signal transduction. Molecular dynamics simulations showed important disruptions in both mutant FSHRs, explaining the differences in expression levels, signaling, and phenotypic expression between I423T and D408Y mutant FSHRs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Victor E. Gomez-Leon, Adam D. Beard, O. J. Ginther, Milo C. Wiltbank
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of low-dose hCG on multiple ovulations in lactating dairy cows. The results showed that increased hCG led to larger follicle sizes and higher FSH concentrations, resulting in an increased frequency of double ovulation.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hao-Qi Wang, Wen-Hua Wang, Cheng-Zhen Chen, Hai-Xiang Guo, Hao Jiang, Bao Yuan, Jia-Bao Zhang
Summary: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) play crucial roles in regulating mammalian reproductive activities. The study discovered the potential mechanism of miR-488 in GnRH-mediated regulation of FSH synthesis, providing additional evidence for the significance of miRNAs in animal reproduction regulation.
Review
Oncology
Chao Xu, Zhao He, Yongfeng Song, Shanshan Shao, Guang Yang, Jiajun Zhao
Summary: It has been traditionally believed that pituitary hormones act on their cognate receptors in classical target glands to carry out their various functions. However, recent studies have revealed that multiple types of pituitary hormone receptors are widely expressed in non-classical target organs. This article summarizes the additional biological functions of pituitary hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and prolactin) when they act on non-classical organs, defining them as part of an atypical pituitary hormone-target tissue axis. This novel concept provides insight into the mechanisms behind metabolic diseases and offers potential novel therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Mohammad Hussein Abnosi, Mohammad Reza Tabandeh, Fatmeh Mosavi-aroo
Summary: In this study, the effects of betaine on preventing oxidative stress in granulosa cells (GCs) induced by high glucose and improving steroidogenesis were investigated. It was found that betaine can alleviate oxidative stress caused by high glucose through the regulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB at the transcriptional level, and restore estrogen and progesterone levels. Hence, further research on the potential use of betaine as a therapeutic agent for diabetes is recommended.
REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hirofumi Ohga, Kosuke Ito, Kohei Kakino, Hiroaki Mon, Takahiro Kusakabe, Jae Man Lee, Michiya Matsuyama
Summary: The study demonstrated that leptin directly regulates the synthesis and secretion of gonadotropins, playing an important role in the onset of puberty in teleost fish.
Article
Biology
Vitaly Ryu, Anisa Gumerova, Funda Korkmaz, Seong Su Kang, Pavel Katsel, Sari Miyashita, Hasni Kannangara, Liam Cullen, Pokman Chan, TanChun Kuo, Ashley Padilla, Farhath Sultana, Soleil A. Wizman, Natan Kramskiy, Samir Zaidi, Se-Min Kim, Maria New, Clifford J. Rosen, Ki A. Goosens, Tal Frolinger, Vahram Haroutunian, Keqiang Ye, Daria Lizneva, Terry F. Davies, Tony Yuen, Mone Zaidi
Summary: There is increasing evidence that anterior pituitary hormones have multiple functions in regulating somatic tissues and brain receptors. A comprehensive neuroanatomical atlas on the expression of TSHR, LHCGR, and FSHR has been created using single-transcript detection technology. This atlas provides a vital resource for studying the impact of glycoprotein hormone receptors on somatic function and may uncover new pathways for human disease.
Article
Cell Biology
Shuo Zhou, An Zhao, Yangyang Wu, Tingting Bao, Yuling Mi, Caiqiao Zhang
Summary: Aging in laying hens leads to increased follicular atresia and decreased fecundity, with FSH playing a crucial role in preventing reproductive aging. The study found that FSH can delay the progression of atretic small white follicles in hens by inhibiting DNA damage and promoting repair mechanisms, ultimately protecting granulosa cells from aging-related damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuichi Shima, Kanako Miyabayashi, Takami Mori, Koji Ono, Mizuki Kajimoto, Hae Lim Cho, Hitomi Tsuchida, Yoshihisa Uenoyama, Hiroko Tsukamura, Kentaro Suzuki, Man Ho Choi, Kazunori Toida
Summary: This study discovered that deletion of the pituitary enhancer located in the 6th intron of the Nr5a1 gene in mice leads to the disappearance of NR5A1 in the pituitary gland and severely affects the development of reproductive organs. Transcriptomic analysis further identified genes that are specifically dependent on NR5A1 expression in pituitary gonadotropes, which play important roles in reproductive organ development through regulation of pituitary gonadotrope functions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jinki Cho, Tae-Hee Kim, Jin Seok, Ji Hye Jun, Hyeri Park, Minyeoung Kweon, Ja-Yun Lim, Gi Jin Kim
Summary: Vascular endothelial growth factor secreted by placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs) promotes follicular development and ovarian function after ovariectomy through vascular remodeling. These results provide fundamental data for understanding the therapeutic mechanisms of stem cell therapy based on placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells PD-MSCs and provide a theoretical foundation for their application for obstetrical and gynecological diseases, including infertility and menopause.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Koji Sugiura, Natsumi Maruyama, Yuki Akimoto, Kodai Matsushita, Tsutomu Endo
Summary: Development of ovarian follicles is regulated by complex interactions between intra- and extra-follicular signals. Oocyte-derived paracrine factors (ODPFs) play a central role in this process in cooperation with other signals. This review focuses on the regulation of granulosa cell development by ODPFs, along with other intrafollicular signals.
REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)