Article
Plant Sciences
Jagdeep Singh Sidhu, Ishan Ajmera, Sankalp Arya, Jonathan P. Lynch
Summary: Root anatomy is a crucial factor influencing root metabolic costs, soil exploration, and soil resource capture. The multicellular model RootSlice has been developed to accurately analyze and understand root anatomical phenotypes in three dimensions. The model can capture the complex root anatomy of various plant species and developmental zones. Integrated with the OpenSimRoot/maize model, RootSlice enables the evaluation of root anatomical phenotypes at different temporal properties, shedding light on the role of aerenchyma formation in enhancing plant performance under varying soil nitrogen supply. This integrative in silico approach provides new avenues for investigating the fitness landscape of root anatomical phenotypes.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Takeshi Harada, Kazuma Harada, Akira Nozoe, Susumu Tanaka, Mikihiko Kogo
Summary: Endodontic procedures can lead to complications such as separation of endodontic instruments, impacting prognosis. This case study discusses a novel surgical approach for managing separated endodontic instruments extruded beyond the root apex.
JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
(2021)
Review
Agronomy
Jonathan P. Lynch, Tania Galindo-Castaneda, Hannah M. Schneider, Jagdeep Singh Sidhu, Harini Rangarajan, Larry M. York
Summary: This article discusses avenues to develop crops with improved nitrogen capture and reduced requirement for nitrogen fertilizer by altering root phenotypes. These phenotypes include architectural, anatomical, subcellular, molecular, and rhizosphere phenotypes. Each topic provides examples of potential selection targets for crop improvement. Additionally, the article addresses cross-cutting issues such as soil hydrology, phenotypic plasticity, integrated phenotypes, in silico modeling, and breeding strategies using high throughput phenotyping.
Review
Plant Sciences
Henry W. G. Birt, Courtney L. Tharp, Gordon F. Custer, Francisco Dini-Andreote
Summary: Plant roots are influenced by a variety of microbial taxa, and the interactions between plants and microbes at the root-soil interface are affected by variations in root phenotypes. Manipulating root phenotypes allows for targeted manipulation of plant-associated microbes, which can have significant impacts on plant health.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
A. L. Bosma, A. Ascott, R. Iskandar, K. Farquhar, J. Matthewman, M. W. Langendam, A. Mulick, K. Abuabara, H. C. Williams, P. Spuls, S. M. Langan, M. A. Middelkamp-Hup
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease with varied presentations and associated characteristics. This systematic review examined previously reported phenotypes of atopic dermatitis and their characteristics. Out of 8511 records, 186 eligible studies were included. The findings suggest a lack of uniformity and consistency in the definition and associated characteristics of atopic dermatitis phenotypes across studies.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Lea Masse, Elsa Garot, Bruno Maureille, Adeline Le Cabec
Summary: This paper reviewed the literature on hypercementosis to better understand its causes and patterns of cementum apposition. Eight different potential causes were identified, and a new qualitative scoring system was proposed to describe hypercementosis and determine its most relevant cause. The study demonstrated that hypercementosis is a complex and undefined condition with different patterns of apposition depending on the cause.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Peng Dong, Shumiao Zuo, Peter Tenberge, Ray Uelpenich, Xiangyang Xu, Yanfang Liu, Shuhan Wang, Junbin Lai
Summary: This study aims to improve the tooth root bending strength of gears by optimizing the hob tip corner geometry. A rapid optimization method is proposed, and the results show a high optimization potential and a unified optimal hob tip contour.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu-Sin You, Yu-Shiang Lin
Summary: Dispensing errors, which are the third leading cause of death in the United States, have prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to initiate the Medication Without Harm Campaign. This study proposes a novel two-stage induced deep learning (TSIDL) system to efficiently classify similar drugs with diverse packaging, achieving a state-of-the-art classification accuracy of 99.39% and an inference time of only 3.12 ms per image.
Review
Plant Sciences
Gaochao Cai, Mutez A. Ahmed, Mohanned Abdalla, Andrea Carminati
Summary: Soil drying is a limiting factor for global crop production, but the impact of water uptake across different soils, species, and root phenotypes is not well understood. This study proposes a hydraulic framework to investigate how soil and root hydraulic properties interact in water uptake. The findings show that soil drying leads to a rapid decrease in soil hydraulic conductance, and root phenotypes with low root hydraulic conductance, long roots, and/or long and dense root hairs can postpone soil limitation. This has important implications for crop water use efficiency.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrew K. Chan, Thomas A. Wozny, Erica F. Bisson, Brenton H. Pennicooke, Mohamad Bydon, Steven D. Glassman, Kevin T. Foley, Christopher Shaffrey, Eric A. Potts, Mark E. Shaffrey, Domagoj Coric, John J. Knightly, Paul Park, Michael Y. Wang, Kai-Ming Fu, Jonathan R. Slotkin, Anthony L. Asher, Michael S. Virk, Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Mohammed A. Alvi, Jian Guan, Regis W. Haid, Praveen Mummaneni
Summary: The study identified two distinct clinical presentation phenotypes for patients undergoing surgery for lumbar spondylolisthesis: those with high disease burden and those with intermediate disease burden. Both groups showed clinical improvement post-surgery, but the high-disease-burden group experienced greater improvements in disability, back pain, and quality of life.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Riccardo Tonini, Edit Xhajanka, Massimo Giovarruscio, Federico Foschi, Giulia Boschi, Ayfer Atav-Ates, Andrea Cicconetti, Marco Seracchiani, Gianluca Gambarini, Luca Testarelli, Luciano Pacifici
Summary: The Print and Try technique allows clinicians to have a precise preview of clinical challenges in aberrant endodontic anatomies, facilitating the application of patient-centered tailored treatment strategies.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jonaliza L. Siangliw, Burin Thunnom, Mignon A. Natividad, Marinell R. Quintana, Dmytro Chebotarov, Kenneth L. McNally, Jonathan P. Lynch, Kathleen M. Brown, Amelia Henry
Summary: This study examined the phenotypic and genetic correlations among root anatomical, morphological, and agronomic phenotypes in rice accessions from Southeast Asia under drought stress. The results identified root phenotypes related to productivity and revealed candidate genes associated with root development, providing useful information for genetic improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Franco Concli
Summary: This paper investigates the tooth root bending load-carrying capacity of small gears and proposes an extended formula for the size factor Y-X based on ISO 6336.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shuo Liu, Naheeda Begum, Tingting An, Tuanjie Zhao, Bingcheng Xu, Suiqi Zhang, Xiping Deng, Hon-Ming Lam, Henry T. Nguyen, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Yinglong Chen
Summary: Phenotypic variation and correlations among root traits in soybean varieties play a crucial role in plant growth and adaptation strategies. By using a semi-hydroponic system, this study explored the variability in root morphological traits of 171 soybean genotypes, identifying significant positive correlations between root length/mass and shoot mass. The reliability of the semi-hydroponic system in phenotyping root trait variability at the early growth stage in soybean germplasms was validated through consistent rankings of genotypes in important root traits.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alois Simon, Marcus Wilhelmy, Ralf Klosterhuber, Elena Cocuzza, Clemens Geitner, Klaus Katzensteiner
Summary: The research introduces a novel geochemical-physical classification system for describing parent material for soil formation, which is based on classical geological surveys and maps, as well as specific field data. By categorizing mineral component groups, different classification units in the geological substrates can be identified.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Jason J. Gellis, Robert A. Foley
Summary: Descriptive morphology of tooth roots traditionally focuses on number of canals and roots. However, the relationship between canal and root number is poorly understood. This study examined fully developed, adult post-canine teeth from a global sample of 945 modern humans and found that root number is dependent on canal number. This relationship becomes more variable as canal number increases and differs between individual teeth and geographical groups, changing with distance from Sub-Saharan Africa.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2022)