Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mohammad Jodeiri Farshbaf, Karina Alvina
Summary: Exercise has beneficial effects on health by decreasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, partly through the release of myokines from skeletal muscles. One such myokine, Irisin, contributes to metabolic processes, crosses the blood brain barrier, and has neuroprotective effects in conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Irisin is proposed as a potential essential mediator of the skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Jeetprakash Barot, Bhagawati Saxena
Summary: The study demonstrates the neuroprotective effects of eugenol in a rat model of TBI, improving impaired locomotor function and short-term memory caused by trauma. Pretreatment with eugenol also alleviates histopathological, neurochemical, and behavioral consequences of the injury.
JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Regina Hummel, Manuel Lang, Simona Walderbach, Yong Wang, Irmgard Tegeder, Christina Goelz, Michael K. E. Schaefer
Summary: Progranulin is a neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factor with protective effects in animal models of brain injury. However, the study showed that intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant progranulin did not have the expected protective effects in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury in mice, and even aggravated blood-brain barrier disruption.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mackenzie M. Aychman, David L. Goldman, Joshua S. Kaplan
Summary: Cannabidiol (CBD) has potential therapeutic effects against the secondary injury cascade from traumatic brain injury (TBI) by initiating anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiepileptic properties. The lack of effective broad treatment strategies for TBI highlights the importance of CBD's mechanistic support in countering the damaging mechanisms and providing neuroprotective benefits. Future clinical research and ongoing clinical trials are necessary to further examine CBD's efficacy in TBI treatment protocols.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jingshu Tang, Yuying Kang, Longjian Huang, Xinhong Feng, Lei Wu, Ying Peng
Summary: The study revealed that Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon (HCA) has neuroprotective effects in experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), improving neurological deficits, reducing brain edema and hemorrhage, lowering proinflammatory cytokines while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, and diminishing BBB disruption by regulating tight junction proteins. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of HCA in acute TBI to mitigate neuropathological damage.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuusuke Fujiwara, Hisataka Kitano, Takamitsu Yamamoto, Shinichiro Kokubun, Chiaki Hidai
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of a synthesized activation peptide in a traumatic brain injury model in rats. The results showed that the peptide significantly reduced neural tissue damage and improved neural functioning in the treated rats. The treated rats performed better in behavioral studies, neurological examinations, and morphological analysis compared to control rats.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jing-yu Qi, Liu-kun Yang, Xin-shang Wang, Min Wang, Xu-bo Li, Ban Feng, Yu-mei Wu, Shui-bing Liu, Kun Zhang
Summary: Exercise not only strengthens the body but also enhances cognitive function. During exercise, skeletal muscle secretes myokine, which acts as a signaling molecule that connects exercise and brain health. Irisin, a myokine derived from FNDC5, plays a role in regulating energy metabolism and can cross the blood-brain barrier to improve learning and memory by increasing the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus. Additionally, irisin has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in various disease models, making it a potential therapeutic target for neurological diseases.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Jacquens, Edward J. Needham, Elisa R. Zanier, Vincent Degos, Pierre Gressens, David Menon
Summary: Head trauma is a common cause of disability in young adults, and cranial trauma in children has particularities in terms of epidemiology, mechanism, and physiopathology. The long-term repercussions of head trauma can be attributed to chronic neuroinflammation, a complex process involving various actors. Numerous studies have explored different anti-inflammatory therapies for traumatic brain injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maria Eugenia Prados, Carmen Navarrete, Adela Garcia-Martin, Isabel Lastres-Cubillo, Francisco Ponce-Diaz, Jose Martinez-Orgado, Eduardo Munoz
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with neuroinflammation and brain-blood barrier (BBB) disruption playing critical roles in its pathogenesis. In this study, the potential therapeutic effects of VCE-005.1, a betulinic acid hydroxamate, were investigated in vitro and in a TBI mouse model. The results demonstrate that VCE-005.1 stabilizes HIF-1 alpha, enhances TJ protein expression, promotes angiogenesis, improves locomotor coordination, preserves BBB integrity, reduces immune cells infiltration, recovers AMPK expression, and decreases neuronal cell apoptosis in the TBI model, highlighting its multitarget anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Marta Celorrio, James Rhodes, Kirill Shumilov, Jennie Moritz, Sophia Xiao, Ilakkia Anabayan, Andrew Sauerbeck, Terrance Kummer, Stuart Friess
Summary: This study demonstrates that ongoing administration of rhEPO can improve neurological, cognitive, and histological outcomes in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. RhEPO enhances neuroprotection and neurogenesis, and increases excitatory synaptic density, leading to improved memory following TBI.
Article
Immunology
Carmen Navarrete, Adela Garcia-Martin, Alejandro Correa-Saez, Maria E. Prados, Francisco Fernandez, Rafael Pineda, Massimiliano Mazzone, Marina Alvarez-Benito, Marco A. Calzado, Eduardo Munoz
Summary: This study reveals that VCE-004.8 regulates the PP2A/B55 alpha/PHD2/HIF pathway and shows potential efficacy in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) by preventing blood-brain barrier disruption, enhancing angiogenesis, and ameliorating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration after brain injury.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Clement Delage, Toufik Taib, Celia Mamma, Dominique Lerouet, Valerie C. Besson
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, leading to inflammatory responses, white matter injuries, and neurodegenerative pathologies. The consequences of TBI and pharmacological responses vary with age, emphasizing the need for age-specific approaches in therapy development.
Article
Anesthesiology
Federico Moro, Francesca Fossi, Aurora Magliocca, Rosaria Pascente, Eliana Sammali, Federico Baldini, Daniele Tolomeo, Edoardo Micotti, Giuseppe Citerio, Nino Stocchetti, Francesca Fumagalli, Sandra Magnoni, Roberto Latini, Giuseppe Ristagno, Elisa R. Zanier
Summary: In a mouse model, acute administration of argon gas (iAr) significantly accelerates sensorimotor recovery, improves cognitive deficits, and reduces white matter damage after TBI. iAr also decreases brain edema and neuroinflammation, while increasing ramified cells and the M2-like marker YM1 in microglia.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Michael Amoo, Philip J. O'Halloran, Jack Henry, Mohammed Ben Husien, Paul Brennan, Matthew Campbell, John Caird, Gerard F. Curley
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of death and disability, particularly in young individuals, leading to a major socioeconomic burden globally. Disruption of the complex relationship between cells and proteins in the neurovascular unit due to TBI leads to secondary brain injury, with changes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) contributing to the outcomes. Research interest is growing in identifying optimal biological and radiological biomarkers to assess the severity of BBB dysfunction and its impact after TBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Michael Amoo, Philip J. O'Halloran, Jack Henry, Mohammed Ben Husien, Paul Brennan, Matthew Campbell, John Caird, Gerard F. Curley
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability, particularly among young people. The development of secondary brain injury after TBI is mainly due to disruptions in the complex relationship between cells and proteins in the neurovascular unit, or a loss of integrity in the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Changes in the BBB after TBI include loss of tight junction proteins, pericyte loss and migration, and altered expressions of water channel proteins in astrocyte end-feet processes. Research is increasingly focused on identifying biological and radiological biomarkers of BBB dysfunction severity and its impact on outcomes after TBI. This review explores microscopic changes in the neurovascular unit and current radiological methods for evaluating it in pre-clinical and clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)