Review
Immunology
Rosaely Casalegno Garduno, Jan Dabritz
Summary: Studies on the role of CD8(+) T cells in inflammatory bowel disease have shown contradictory outcomes, possibly due to the heterogeneity of the cells. Different subsets of CD8(+) T cells, such as Tc1 and Tc17 cells, may play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Regulatory CD8(+) T cells are abundant at sites of inflammation and can exhibit pro-inflammatory features.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sarah C. Sasson, Stephanie M. Slevin, Vincent T. F. Cheung, Isar Nassiri, Anna Olsson-Brown, Eve Fryer, Ricardo C. Ferreira, Dominik Trzupek, Tarun Gupta, Lulia Al-Hillawi, Mari-lenna Issaias, Alistair Easton, Leticia Campo, Michael E. B. FitzPatrick, Joss Adams, Meenali Chitnis, Andrew Protheroe, Mark Tuthill, Nicholas Coupe, Alison Simmons, Miranda Payne, Mark R. Middleton, Simon P. L. Travis, Benjamin P. Fairfax, Paul Klenerman, Oliver Brain
Summary: Our study demonstrates that CD8(+) tissue resident memory T (T-RM) cells are the main activated T cell subset in ICI colitis. The pattern of gastrointestinal immunopathology in ICI colitis is distinct from ulcerative colitis at both the immune and epithelial-signaling levels. Activation of CD8+ T-RM cells correlates with clinical and endoscopic severity of ICI colitis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hao-ming Xu, Jing Xu, Mei-feng Yang, Yu-jie Liang, Quan-zhou Peng, Yuan Zhang, Cheng-mei Tian, Yu-qiang Nie, Li-sheng Wang, Jun Yao, De-feng Li
Summary: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a heterogeneous disorder with complex pathogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate genome-wide DNA methylation changes associated with the pathogenesis of UC. The results confirmed that Zbtb7b was demethylated in UC tissues and its expression was up-regulated in both UC patients and a colitis model. Over-expression of Zbtb7b activated the maturation of CD4(+)T cells and repressed the differentiation of DP CD4(+)CD8(+)T cells, resulting in the production of inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissue.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo Papa-Gobbi, Cecilia I. Muglia, Andres Rocca, Renata Curciarello, Alicia M. Sambuelli, Martin Yantorno, Gustavo Correa, Luciano G. Morosi, Antonio Di Sabatino, Paolo Biancheri, Thomas T. MacDonald, Marta A. Toscano, Karina V. Marino, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, Guillermo H. Docena
Summary: The study found that transient regulation of O-glycan profile during inflammation modulates Gal-1 binding and LP T-cell survival in IBD patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julien Kirchgesner, Rishi J. Desai, Maria C. Schneeweiss, Laurent Beaugerie, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Seoyoung C. Kim
Summary: Combination therapy with vedolizumab and thiopurines is associated with a lower risk of treatment failure compared to vedolizumab monotherapy in patients with CD, but the effect is less pronounced in UC.
Review
Immunology
Reza Yarani, Ali Shojaeian, Oana Palasca, Nadezhda T. Doncheva, Lars Juhl Jensen, Jan Gorodkin, Flemming Pociot
Summary: This review discusses the differential regulation of miRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Through literature curation and computational analysis, a consensus set of differentially expressed miRNAs in mucosal tissues was obtained. The role of these miRNAs and their potential targets in IBD are highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tatsuki Noguchi, Soichiro Ishihara, Motoi Uchino, Hiroki Ikeuchi, Koji Okabayashi, Kitaro Futami, Shinji Tanaka, Hiroki Ohge, Hisashi Nagahara, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Michio Itabashi, Kinya Okamoto, Yoshiki Okita, Tsunekazu Mizushima, Yusuke Mizuuchi, Kazutaka Yamada, Yoshifumi Shimada, Yu Sato, Hideaki Kimura, Kenichi Takahashi, Koya Hida, Yusuke Kinugasa, Junji Okuda, Koji Daito, Fumikazu Koyama, Hideki Ueno, Takayuki Yamamoto, Tsunekazu Hanai, Atsuo Maemoto, Koji Oba, Yoichi Ajioka, Kenichi Sugihara
Summary: Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are at high risk of developing intestinal cancers. This study found significant differences between intestinal cancers associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease-associated cancers were diagnosed at more advanced stages, detected less frequently by surveillance, and had a poorer prognosis compared to those associated with ulcerative colitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anna-Maria Globig, Lena Sophie Mayer, Maximilian Heeg, Geoffroy Andrieux, Manching Ku, Patricia Otto-Mora, Anna Veronika Hipp, Katharina Zoldan, Ajinkya Pattekar, Nisha Rana, Christoph Schell, Melanie Boerries, Maike Hofmann, Christoph Neumann-Haefelin, Armin Kuellmer, Arthur Schmidt, Tobias Boettler, Vesselin Tomov, Robert Thimme, Peter Hasselblatt, Bertram Bengsch
Summary: This study identified the role of exhaustion of peripheral CD39-expressing CD8 T cell subsets in Crohn's disease. The low frequency of these subsets highlighted the usefulness of single-cell cytometry methods for identifying relevant immune populations. The exhaustion status of these subsets was linked to the clinical activity, and their specific gene signatures have implications for exhaustion-based personalized medicine approaches.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Florent Clerc, Karli R. Reiding, Noortje de Haan, Carolien A. M. Koeleman, Agnes L. Hipgrave Ederveen, Natalia Manetti, Viktoria Dotz, Vito Annese, Manfred Wuhrer
Summary: This study investigates the associations of immunoglobulin A1 and A2 glycosylation with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Differences in IgA O- and N-glycosylation between patient groups were found to be associated with the diseases, and a statistical model was constructed to predict the disease group of the patients. These findings contribute to the development of noninvasive biomarkers for IBD and improvement in patient care.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amy L. Lightner, Sarah Vogler, John McMichael, Xue Jia, Miguel Regueiro, Taha Qazi, Scott R. Steele
Summary: While UC patients were more likely to have neoplasia detected during colonoscopy, the rates of progression from LGD and HGD to adenocarcinoma were equivalent in UC and CD, suggesting consistent endoscopic surveillance strategies for all IBD patients.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tiago S. Medina, Alex Murison, Michelle Smith, Gabriela S. Kinker, Ankur Chakravarthy, Glauco A. F. Vitiello, Williams Turpin, Shu Yi Shen, Helen L. Yau, Olga F. Sarmento, William Faubion, Mathieu Lupien, Mark S. Silverberg, Cheryl H. Arrowsmith, Daniel D. De Carvalho
Summary: This study characterized the chromatin landscape and heterogeneity of CD4 T cells in IBD patients using ATAC-Seq and single cell RNA-Seq. The results showed that the chromatin accessibility profiles of CD4 T cells from inflamed intestinal biopsies were associated with genes related to inflammatory processes. Integration of chromatin profiles revealed a higher predominance of pathogenic Th17 cells in inflamed biopsies and colocalization of IBD risk loci with accessible chromatin changes near Th17-related genes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kasper Monsted Pedersen, Yunus Colak, Signe Vedel-Krogh, Camilla Jannie Kobylecki, Stig Egil Bojesen, Borge Gronne Nordestgaard
Summary: The study found that smoking was associated with an increased risk of ulcerative colitis, while offering potential protection against Crohn's disease. However, genetic evidence did not support a causal relationship between smoking intensity and the development of these inflammatory bowel diseases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Antoine Meyer, Catherine Dong, Corinne Casagrande, Simon S. M. Chan, Inge Huybrechts, Genevieve Nicolas, Fernanda Rauber, Renata Bertazzi Levy, Christopher Millett, Bas Oldenburg, Elisabete Weiderpass, Alicia K. Heath, Tammy Y. N. Tong, Anne Tjonneland, Cecilie Kyro, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena A. Katzke, Manuela M. Bergman, Domenico Palli, Giovanna Masala, Rosario Tumino, Carlotta Sacerdote, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Olof Grip, Stefan Lindgren, Robert Luben, Marc J. Gunter, Yahya Mahamat-Saleh, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Franck Carbonnel
Summary: The study found that consuming unprocessed/minimally processed foods is associated with a lower risk of Crohn's disease, but not with the risk of ulcerative colitis.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julian Hercun, Justin Cote-Daigneault, Raymond G. Lahaie, Carole Richard, Ramses Wassef, Pierre Poitras
Summary: The study found that Crohn's disease can develop postoperatively with an increasing cumulative incidence over time. Preoperative predictive factors are limited and should not determine candidacy for surgery. Most patients have favorable outcomes with medical therapy, while 16% of Crohn's disease patients require pouch removal.
DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anika Varma, Jennifer Weinstein, Jamison Seabury, Spencer Rosero, Ellen Wagner, Christine Zizzi, Elizabeth Luebbe, Nuran Dilek, Michael McDermott, John Heatwole, Lawrence Saubermann, Larissa Temple, Scott Rogoff, Chad Heatwole
Summary: This study aimed to identify the most prevalent and impactful symptoms in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and to determine the modifying factors associated with a higher disease burden in CD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joshua Quan, Christopher Ma, Remo Panaccione, Lindsay Hracs, Nastaran Sharifi, Michelle Herauf, Ante Makovinovic, Stephanie Coward, Joseph W. Windsor, Lea Caplan, Richard J. M. Ingram, Jamil N. Kanji, Graham Tipples, Jessalyn K. Holodinsky, Charles N. Bernstein, Douglas J. Mahoney, Sasha Bernatsky, Eric Benchimol, Gilaad G. Kaplan
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bradley G. Goodyear, Faranak Heidari, Richard J. M. Ingram, Filomeno Cortese, Nastaran Sharifi, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Christopher Ma, Remo Panaccione, Keith A. Sharkey, Mark G. Swain
Summary: Magnetic resonance imaging revealed structural and functional changes within the brains of inflammatory bowel disease patients, in regions known to be involved in processing brain signals associated with behavioral symptoms, anxiety, pain, stress, and cognitive deficits.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Edouard Louis, Corey A. Siegel, Barbara James, Sebastian Heidenreich, Nicolas Krucien, Subrata Ghosh
Summary: This study aimed to identify the benefit-risk trade-offs that IBD patients are willing to make in order to inform patient-centric treatment targets. The study found that efficacy, administration, and safety all had varying degrees of impact on treatment preferences. Factors such as abdominal pain, risks of mild-to-moderate side effects, and serious infections were considered important. Preferences varied among patients, with CD patients placing greater importance on abdominal pain and UC patients on bowel urgency.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jennifer A. Ida, Warren M. Wilson, Daryl V. Nydam, S. Craig Gerlach, John P. Kastelic, Elizabeth R. Russell, Kayley D. McCubbin, Cindy L. Adams, Herman W. Barkema
Summary: This study conducted ethnographic fieldwork to investigate dairy farmers' understanding of antimicrobial use (AMU), antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and related regulations in Alberta, Canada. The findings revealed that many farmers value their autonomy in AMU decision-making, have shared cultural and immigrant identities that shape their perspectives, and believe that certain AMU policies implemented in other contexts would be impractical and constrain their freedom. They also expressed concerns about being undervalued by consumers and policy makers, and worry that public understanding of dairy farming may lead to misguided AMU policies. Additionally, there is a variable skepticism among farmers regarding the link between AMU in dairy cattle and AMR in humans. A better understanding of the sociocultural and political-economic factors underlying these perceptions is important for improving AMU stewardship and future policies.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ellen de Jong, Lien Creytens, Sarne De Vliegher, Kayley D. Mccubbin, Mya Baptiste, Alexander A. Leung, David Speksnijder, Simon Dufour, John R. Middleton, Pamela L. Ruegg, Theo J. G. M. Lam, David F. Kelton, Scott Mcdougall, Sandra M. Godden, Alfonso Lago, Paeivi J. Rajala-Schultz, Karin Orsel, Volker Kroemker, John P. Kastelic, Herman W. Barkema
Summary: In the treatment of clinical mastitis, selective treatment protocols have been found to be noninferior to blanket treatment protocols in terms of bacteriological cure. However, the impacts on clinical cure, new infections, somatic cell count, milk yield, recurrence, and culling are still inconclusive. A systematic review of 13 studies suggests that, except for clinical cure, a selective treatment protocol does not adversely affect other outcome measures. Further research with better randomization is needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arne W. Vanhoudt, Casey Jacobs, Maaike Caron, Herman Barkema, Mirjam Nielen, Tine van Werven, Karin Orsel
Summary: The primary aim of this study was to test the association between infrared thermography (IRT) and painful M2 lesions on unwashed hind feet. The results showed that higher IRTmax on unwashed hind feet were associated with M2 lesions or DD lesions. However, IRTmax alone may not be reliable for automated detection of feet with an M2 lesion. IRTmax can, however, be used to identify feet at-risk for compromised foot health and aid in the automated monitoring of foot health on dairy herds.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Remo Panaccione, Wan-Ju Lee, Ryan Clark, Kristina Kligys, Rhiannon I. Campden, Stacy Grieve, Tim Raine
Summary: This study aimed to identify and characterize the dosing escalation patterns of advanced therapies in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The study found that most studies aligned with regulatory recommendations, but there were also some studies indicating more diverse or aggressive dose escalation.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patrick Hamilton, Katherine Buhler, John K. MacDonald, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Cynthia H. Seow, Cathy Lu, Kerri L. Novak, Christopher N. Andrews, Siddharth Singh, Vipul Jairath, Remo Panaccione, Christopher Ma
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the placebo response rates in patients with microscopic colitis (MC) and identify factors associated with placebo response. The analysis showed that approximately one-quarter of patients in MC trials responded to placebo, but with significant heterogeneity.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edward V. Loftus Jr, Julian Panes, Ana P. Lacerda, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Geert D'Haens, Remo Panaccione, Walter Reinisch, Edouard Louis, Minhu Chen, Hiroshi Nakase, Jakob Begun, Brigid S. Boland, Charles Phillips, Mohamed-Eslam F. Mohamed, Jianzhong Liu, Ziqian Geng, Tian Feng, Elena Dubcenco, Jean-Frederic Colombel
Summary: In two phase 3 trials, Upadacitinib, an oral JAK inhibitor, demonstrated superior efficacy compared to placebo in achieving clinical remission and endoscopic response in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jared L. L. Cooper, Ryan E. E. Rosentreter, Alexis Filyk, Zahra A. A. Premji, Hua Shen, Richard Ingram, Gilaad G. G. Kaplan, Christopher Ma, Kerri Novak, Remo Panaccione, Cynthia H. H. Seow, Florian Rieder, Maitreyi Raman, Cathy Lu
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the impact of dietary interventions on medical and surgical outcomes in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease. The findings suggest that exclusive enteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition may provide benefit for these patients.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Harris A. Ahmad, James E. East, Remo Panaccione, Simon Travis, James B. Canavan, Keith Usiskin, Michael F. Byrne
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a condition characterized by uncontrolled inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used to provide accurate evaluations of endoscopic appearance and histologic activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. These AI tools also have the potential to predict treatment response to biologic therapies and improve the standard of care, by personalizing treatment options and reducing costs.
INTESTINAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Linguistics
Thomas Anthony Chun Hun Chan, Jason Man-Bo Ho, Michael Tom
Summary: To create a more collaborative and communicative learning environment, digital tools like Miro, an online whiteboard, are often considered. Miro allows students to easily share ideas and exchange information using different media, promoting real-time collaboration between learners and teachers. However, the platform's numerous tools and options require some learning curve. Despite this, Miro is a valuable option for fostering collaboration among students and providing them with a space to freely generate ideas and share resources.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Virginia Solitano, Malcolm Hogan, John K. MacDonald, Alexa Zayadi, Claire E. Parker, Bruce E. Sands, Remo Panaccione, Neeraj Narula, Brian G. Feagan, Siddharth Singh, Vipul Jairath, Christopher Ma
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of selective IL-23p19 and IL-12/23p40 inhibitors in patients with moderate-to-severe CD. The results demonstrated that targeting IL-23 is effective and safe for inducing and maintaining clinical and endoscopic remission.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Olga Maria Nardone, Giulio Calabrese, Brigida Barberio, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Fabiana Castiglione, Gaetano Luglio, Edoardo Savarino, Subrata Ghosh, Marietta Iacucci
Summary: Kono-S ileocolic anastomosis appears to be more effective in reducing the risk of ePOR at >= 6 months compared to conventional anastomosis. However, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Silvio Danese, Remo Panaccione, Maria T. Abreu, David T. Rubin, Subrata Ghosh, Axel Dignass, Anita Afzali, Douglas C. Wolf, Michael Chiorean, Severine Vermeire, Anjali Jain, Lorna Charles, Garrett Lawlor, Mark T. Osterman, Hsiuanlin Wu, James B. Canavan, Annkatrin Petersen, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Miguel Regueiro
Summary: This interim analysis examines the efficacy and safety of ozanimod treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis over a period of approximately 3 years. The results show that a high percentage of patients maintain clinical and mucosal efficacy during the treatment. No new safety concerns arise from long-term use of ozanimod.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)