Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nunzia D'Onofrio, Francesco Prattichizzo, Raffaele Marfella, Celestino Sardu, Elisa Martino, Lucia Scisciola, Lorenza Marfella, Rosalba La Grotta, Chiara Frige, Giuseppe Paolisso, Antonio Ceriello, Maria Luisa Balestrieri
Summary: This study found that PCSK9 inhibitors have anti-inflammatory, anti-autophagic, and antioxidant properties, and these effects may be mediated by SIRT3. These results provide evidence for the potential mechanisms of PCSK9 inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuanyou Liu, Yichao Xiao, Qingyi Zhu, Yuqi Cui, Hong Hao, Meifang Wang, Peter J. Cowan, Ronald J. Korthuis, Guangfu Li, Qinghua Sun, Zhenguo Liu
Summary: PM exposure increased inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress in both male and female mice, but to a greater extent in males. Circulating EPC levels were significantly decreased in males but remained unchanged in females, with antioxidants effectively preventing these effects in male mice. Female mice, despite ovariectomy, showed no significant impact on circulating EPC levels with PM exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengfan Liu, Xueyang Sun, Boya Chen, Rongchen Dai, Zhichao Xi, Hongxi Xu
Summary: Redox equilibria and redox signalling are crucial in physiological processes. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species disrupts the body's antioxidant defence, leading to the development of diseases. MnSOD, a principal antioxidant enzyme, protects cells from oxidative damage. It plays an indispensable role in multiple diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lu Zhang, Yi-Ning Guo, Jing Liu, Lin-Hai Wang, Han-Qin Wu, Ting Wang, Bo Deng, Jun-Yan Wang, Lu Lu, Zi-Xin Chen, Jia-qi He, Bi-Rong Liang, Huan Li, Yu-Sheng Huang, Zhong-Qi Yang, Shao-Xiang Xian, Ling-Jun Wang, Xiao-Han Ye
Summary: This study found that Plantamajoside (PMS) has a protective effect in chronic heart failure (CHF), attenuating cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction, suppressing EndMT, reducing autophagy levels and serum levels of AGEs. Mechanistically, PMS possibly binds to the V-domain of RAGE, disrupting the AGEs-induced RAGE-autophagy-EndMT pathway. These findings suggest that PMS may exert an anti-cardiac fibrosis effect by inhibiting the AGEs-activated RAGE/autophagy/EndMT pathway.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Klara Komici, Angelica Perna, Germano Guerra
Summary: Frailty is a clinical condition characterized by a decline in biological reserves, physiological mechanism failure, and vulnerability to stressors. This review focuses on the role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in frailty, highlighting their impaired function, number, and survival in the elderly. It also discusses the modification of EPCs in age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. The review concludes by exploring interventions that may restore EPCs expression and function in frail individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Herrero, Guillermo Albericio, Marina Higuera, Maria Herranz-Lopez, Miguel A. Garcia-Brenes, Alejandra Cordero, Enrique Roche, Pilar Sepulveda, Carmen Mora, Antonio Bernad
Summary: Research on the interaction of adult cardiac progenitor cells with other cardiac cell populations can define the vascular cardiac stem cell niche, which is associated with low oxidative stress domains in vasculature, and manipulating this niche may offer new hope in the cardiac regeneration field.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Quynh Thi Nhu Bui, Jang-Seu Ki
Summary: This study characterized the structural features and phylogenetic affiliations of two novel CuZnSOD and MnSOD genes from the toxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum. The study also examined the gene expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels after exposure to heavy metals. The results showed that ApCuZnSOD clustered with other dinoflagellates, while ApMnSOD formed a clade with green algae and plants. Increased SOD expression levels and ROS production were observed after exposure to lead and copper.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tays Amanda Felisberto Goncalves, Viviane Silva Lima, Arthur Jose Pontes Oliveira de Almeida, Alinne Villar de Arruda, Ana Caroline Meneses Ferreira Veras, Thais Trajano Lima, Evyllen Myllena Cardoso Soares, Adhonias Correia dos Santos, Maria Eduarda Costa de Vasconcelos, Mathania Silva de Almeida Feitosa, Robson Cavalcante Veras, Isac Almeida de Medeiros
Summary: This study demonstrated the regulatory effects of carvacrol on endothelial repair in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Results showed that carvacrol promoted the migration and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells, increased eNOS expression and activity, reduced reactive oxygen species production and cellular senescence, and improved vascular function.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
June Seok Heo, Sinyoung Kim
Summary: This study found that human adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects. Exosomes inhibit inflammation by activating ROCK1 and PTEN expression, and promote angiogenesis by releasing miR-132 and miR-146a.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xi Liu, Yi Li, Zhen Zhang, Juan Lu, Gang Pei, Shichao Huang
Summary: The structural and functional changes in blood vessels play a critical role in the development of ischemic stroke caused by aging-related factors. The longevity genes sirtuins (SIRTs) have been extensively studied in age-related pathologies, but their specific roles in ischemic stroke are still unclear. In this study, human endothelial cells (ECs) were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to induce ischemic injury. The results showed that OGD/R caused various damages to ECs and led to a decrease in the expression of mitochondrial SIRT3. Interestingly, several frontline drugs for ischemic stroke were found to rescue SIRT3 expression and reduce endothelial injury caused by OGD/R. Additionally, a major metabolite of one of these drugs showed better blood-brain barrier crossing capability while still maintaining the effects on SIRT3 expression. These findings suggest that SIRT3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tongshuai Chen, Chang Ma, Guanqi Fan, Hui Liu, Xie Lin, Jingyuan Li, Na Li, Shujian Wang, Mei Zeng, Yun Zhang, Peili Bu
Summary: Hyperglycemia accelerates endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular complications by inducing ECs senescence, with molecular mechanisms involving SIRT3-p53 pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanyuan Guo, Xiong Jia, Yongzhi Cui, Yu Song, Siyuan Wang, Yongtao Geng, Rui Li, Weihang Gao, Dehao Fu
Summary: Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a typical aging-related disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass. Sirt3 plays a protective role against AGEs-induced BMSCs senescence and SOP by improving mitophagy, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for AGEs-associated SOP.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Antino R. Allen, A. 'Vonte Jones, Francesca V. LoBianco, Kimberly J. Krager, Nukhet Aykin-Burns
Summary: SIRT3 acts as a sensor for mitochondrial metabolic stress and regulates the acetylation of mitochondrial proteins and activation of metabolic enzymes. Deletion of Sirt3 gene impairs spatial memory retention and leads to decreased dendritic arborization in the hippocampus. The absence of SIRT3 also affects mitochondrial function and respiratory control ratio.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Heba Abdel Razik Sayed, Helal F. Hetta, Engy A. Shafik, Asmaa M. Zahran
Summary: The study found that pediatric patients with solid tumors have significantly higher levels of CECs and EPCs at diagnosis and even higher levels after chemotherapy; the increase in CECs levels on day 7 after chemotherapy may be an early predictor of treatment response and outcome.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Simoncini, Simon Toupance, Carlos Labat, Sylvie Gautier, Chloe Dumoulin, Laurent Arnaud, Maria G. Stathopoulou, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Pascal M. Rossi, Athanase Benetos, Francoise Dignat-George, Florence Sabatier
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), inflammation markers, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells. The findings suggest that ASCVD impairs the colony forming capacity and angiogenic properties of endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) in a severity-dependent manner. Additionally, alteration of ECFC is associated with increased senescent phenotype and IL-6 levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)