Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chenchen Hua, Lu Qiu, Leting Zhou, Yi Zhuang, Ting Cai, Bin Xu, Shaowei Hao, Xiangming Fang, Liang Wang, Haoxiang Jiang
Summary: This study aimed to identify optimized MRI markers for evaluating chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal interstitial fibrosis (IF). The results showed that multiparametric MRI combining T1 mapping and diffusion imaging can be clinically useful for non-invasive assessment of CKD and IF.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Kim T. Vuong, Catherine Joseph, Joseph R. Angelo
Summary: While AKI after HCT is well-described in pediatric patients, limited literature exists regarding the long-term renal consequences, development of CKD, and CKD care in these patients. CKD affects almost 50% of patients after HCT with various causes, and as renal function declines, mortality increases. This review aims to summarize definitions, etiologies, and management strategies for AKI and CKD post-HCT, with a focus on early identification, intervention, and discussion of ESKD and renal transplant.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jakub Lagan, Josephine H. Naish, Christien Fortune, Christopher Campbell, Shien Chow, Manon Pillai, Joshua Bradley, Lenin Francis, David Clark, Anita Macnab, Gaetano Nucifora, Rebecca Dobson, Erik B. Schelbert, Matthias Schmitt, Robert Hawkins, Christopher A. Miller
Summary: High dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy is associated with acute cardiopulmonary inflammation and chronic left ventricular hypertrophy, leading to acute left ventricular dilatation, reduced cardiac function, and prolonged QT interval. Most of these effects are reversible.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marya Morevati, Evandro Fei Fang, Maria L. Mace, Mehmet Kanbay, Eva Gravesen, Anders Nordholm, Soren Egstrand, Mads Hornum
Summary: This article reviews recent progress in the field of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form, NAD(+)), mainly focusing on its role in acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). While NAD(+) levels are reduced in AKI and conflicting results exist for CKD, increasing NAD(+) has been found beneficial for AKI. The article also discusses the compromised NAD(+) levels in renal fibrosis and senescence cells in the case of CKD. Further studies on NAD(+) in relation to AKI/CKD may provide insights for novel therapeutics, considering the urgent need for more effective treatments for patients with injured kidneys.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xi Jia, Xiaoyu Han, Yuqin Wang, Fangfang He, Xiaoyue Zhou, Yuting Zheng, Yingkun Guo, Rong Xu, Jia Liu, Yumin Li, Jin Gu, Yukun Cao, Chun Zhang, Heshui Shi
Summary: This study examined the relationship between cardiovascular abnormalities and the severity of chronic kidney disease using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The results showed that myocardial strain, native T1, and T2 values progressively worsened with advancing chronic kidney disease stage.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Wei Mao, Xiaoqiang Ding, Yuqin Ding, Bohong Cao, Caixia Fu, Bernd Kuehn, Thomas Benkert, Robert Grimm, Dominik Nickel, Jianjun Zhou, Mengsu Zeng
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic value of functional MRI in assessing renal interstitial fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results showed that functional MRI parameters were strongly correlated with interstitial fibrosis of CKD, suggesting that it could be a powerful noninvasive tool for evaluating CKD interstitial fibrosis.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chih-Hung Chiang, Ching Chen, Shih-Ying Fang, Su-Chu Lin, Jaw-Wen Chen, Ting-Ting Chang
Summary: Water hydralazine protects renal proximal tubular epithelial cells against ischemia-reperfusion injury through XO/NADPH oxidase inhibition and prevents kidney damage in AKI and AKI-to-CKD mouse models. It exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects both in vitro and in vivo.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Bin Wang, Yongfang Wang, Jing Wang, Chentao Jin, Rui Zhou, Jinxia Guo, Hong Zhang, Min Wang
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of critical illness, with significant short- and long-term mortality risks. Early detection of the transition from AKI to long-term kidney injury is important for preventive measures, but current methods are lacking. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows promise as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for monitoring the progression of AKI to long-term injury. It provides valuable information on renal vasculature, tissue oxygenation, and injury/fibrosis. However, research on the transition of AKI to irreversible long-term impairment is limited. Further optimization and implementation of renal MRI methods could improve our understanding of AKI and chronic kidney diseases and lead to the discovery of new imaging biomarkers. This review discusses recent MRI applications for acute and long-term kidney injury and highlights the potential value of multiparametric MRI in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingyu Zhou, James D. Quirk, Ying Hu, Huimin Yan, Joseph P. Gaut, Christine T. N. Pham, Samuel A. Wickline, Hua Pan
Summary: Researchers have discovered that using rapamycin-loaded perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PFC NP) can effectively deliver the drug to the injured kidneys, mitigating cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and preserving renal function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jinghua Hu, Jin-Jing Xu, Song'an Shang, Huiyou Chen, Xindao Yin, Jianwei Qi, Yuanqing Wu
Summary: The study found differences in cerebral blood flow changes in specific brain regions between chronic and acute tinnitus patients, which were correlated with tinnitus characteristics. This has important implications for further research on the chronicity of tinnitus.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xinghui Li, Zenghui Li, Lu Liu, Yu Pu, Yifan Ji, Wei Tang, Tianwu Chen, Qi Liang, Xiaoming Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of using multimodal diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting the occurrence and severity of acute kidney injury caused by severe acute pancreatitis in rats. The results showed that the fast apparent diffusion coefficient of the renal cortex decreased significantly at 2 hours and the fractional anisotropy value of the renal cortex on diffusion tensor imaging also decreased. The mean kurtosis values for the renal cortex and medulla gradually increased after model generation. Therefore, the cortical fast ADC, medullary MK, FA(DTI), and slow ADC were found to be the optimal parameters for diagnosing AKI.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica M. Overstreet, Cody C. Gifford, Jiaqi Tang, Paul J. Higgins, Rohan Samarakoon
Summary: p53 is widely known for its role in tumorigenesis, but recent studies have found its involvement in the initiation and progression of various renal diseases. The activation and elevated expression of p53 are associated with conditions such as ischemia, aristolochic acid (AA) exposure, diabetes, HIV infection, obstruction, and podocyte-induced nephropathies. Research using mouse models has confirmed the pathogenic role of p53 in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease through chemical or renal-specific inhibition. Understanding the mechanisms of p53 in renal diseases is important for developing therapeutic strategies.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrei Niculae, Mihai-Emil Gherghina, Ileana Peride, Mirela Tiglis, Ana-Maria Nechita, Ionel Alexandru Checherita
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to renal fibrosis and chronic kidney damage. Maladaptive kidney processes play a crucial role in the transition from AKI to CKD. Risk factors include the frequency and severity of kidney injury, as well as chronic diseases and unmodifiable factors. Understanding these mechanisms and risk factors is important for preventing or delaying the development of CKD from AKI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Bethany C. Birkelo, Neesh Pannu, Edward D. Siew
Summary: This article chronicles the evolution of attempts to classify AKI, including the adoption of consensus definitions, the expansion of diagnosis and prognosis with novel biomarkers, and the application of emerging tools such as artificial intelligence (AI).
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bihui Zhang, Ziping Yao, Weizheng Gao, Chengyan Wang, Hanjing Kong, Jue Zhang, Min Yang
Summary: The combination of psMASE and HRI technique showed potential as a quantitative biomarker for early detection and staging of AKI in animal models. The study found significant differences in R2' values between control and moderate/severe AKI groups, suggesting its potential use in diagnosing AKI. The dR2' imaging could accurately distinguish between different severity levels of AKI.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Transplantation
Alberto Ortiz, Charles J. Ferro, Olga Balafa, Michel Burnier, Robert Ekart, Jean-Michel Halimi, Reinhold Kreutz, Patrick B. Mark, Alexandre Persu, Patrick Rossignol, Luis M. Ruilope, Roland E. Schmieder, Jose M. Valdivielso, Lucia Del Vecchio, Carmine Zoccali, Francesca Mallamaci, Pantelis Sarafidis
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with high risks of kidney failure and cardiovascular death for patients with CKD, especially those with diabetes. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have shown some protective effects, but the risks remain high. Steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) may provide potential benefits, but safety concerns exist. The FInerenone in reducing kiDnEy faiLure and dIsease prOgression in DKD (FIDELIO-DKD) study has shown promising results for non-steroidal MRA finerenone.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mark C. Petrie, Pardeep S. Jhund, Eugene Connolly, Patrick B. Mark, Michael R. MacDonald, Michele Robertson, Stefan D. Anker, Sunil Bhandari, Kenneth Farrington, Philip A. Kalra, David C. Wheeler, Charles R. Tomson, Ian Ford, John J. McMurray, Iain C. Macdougall
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-dose vs. low-dose intravenous iron on myocardial infarction in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. The results showed that high-dose IV iron reduced myocardial infraction in patients receiving haemodialysis.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Transplantation
Jennifer S. Lees, Benjamin M. P. Elyan, Sandra M. Herrmann, Ninian N. Lang, Robert J. Jones, Patrick B. Mark
Summary: Cancer risk is higher in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or albuminuria. The increased risk of cancer in CKD is influenced by various factors including patient characteristics, disease factors, and treatment factors. Renal adverse events associated with chemotherapy and newer anti-cancer therapies may contribute to worse cancer outcomes in CKD patients. Acknowledging the increased cancer risk in CKD can potentially improve management.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Samira Bell, Jacqueline Campbell, Chrissie Watters, Martin O'Neil, Alison Almond, Katharine Buck, Edward J. Carr, Zoe Cousland, Mark Findlay, Nicola Joss, Wendy Metcalfe, Elaine Spalding, Shona Methven, Patrick B. Mark
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Kaitlin J. Mayne, Jennifer S. Lees, William G. Herrington
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William G. Herrington, Natalie Staplin, Christoph Wanner, Jennifer B. Green, Sibylle J. Hauske, Jonathan R. Emberson, David Preiss, Parminder Judge, Kaitlin J. Mayne, Sarah Y. A. Ng, Emily Sammons, Doreen Zhu, Michael Hill, Will Stevens, Karl Wallendszus, Susanne Brenner, Alfred K. Cheung, Zhi-Hong Liu, Jing Li, Lai Seong Hooi, Wen Liu, Takashi Kadowaki, Masaomi Nangaku, Adeera Levin, David Cherney, Aldo P. Maggioni, Roberto Pontremoli, Rajat Deo, Shinya Goto, Xavier Rossello, Katherine R. Tuttle, Dominik Steubl, Michaela Petrini, Dan Massey, Jens Eilbracht, Martina Brueckmann, Martin J. Landray, Colin Baigent, Richard Haynes
Summary: Empagliflozin therapy reduces the risk of disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Debbie C. Chen, Jennifer S. Lees, Kaiwei Lu, Rebecca Scherzer, Elaine Rutherford, Patrick B. Mark, Alka M. Kanaya, Michael G. Shlipak, Michelle M. Estrella
Summary: In a study of 7,738 South Asian individuals without prevalent heart failure or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cystatin C was found to be more accurate than creatinine in identifying patients with chronic kidney disease and significantly associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality risks.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kaitlin J. Mayne, Jennifer S. Lees, Elaine Rutherford, Peter C. Thomson, Jamie P. Traynor, Vishal Dey, Ninian N. Lang, Patrick B. Mark
Summary: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with mortality in haemodialysis patients, while the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has a weaker association. NLR is more strongly associated with cardiovascular death, while PLR is less associated with non-cardiovascular death. In the COVID-19 subpopulation, both NLR and PLR are associated with COVID-19-related death risk.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Veena Surendrakumar, Emma Aitken, Patrick Mark, Reza Motallebzadeh, James Hunter, Aimen Amer, Dominic Summers, Kirsten Rennie, Leila Rooshenas, Madalina Garbi, Karl Sylvester, Cara Hudson, Jennifer Banks, Anna Sidders, Andrew Norton, Matthew Slater, Matthew Bartlett, Simon Knight, Gavin Pettigrew
Summary: Cardiovascular events are a leading cause of death after successful kidney transplantation. This study aims to assess whether recipients with a well-functioning kidney transplant should undergo elective arteriovenous fistula (AVF) ligation, as AVFs may contribute to adverse cardiac remodeling. The study will evaluate patients' physical functioning and quality of life, and the results will be disseminated through academic conferences and peer-reviewed publications.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert Sykes, Andrew J. Morrow, Alex McConnachie, Anna Kamdar, C. Bagot, Hannah Bayes, Kevin G. Blyth, Michael Briscoe, Heeraj Bulluck, David Carrick, Colin Church, David Corcoran, C. Delles, Iain Findlay, Vivienne B. Gibson, Lynsey Gillespie, Douglas Grieve, Pauline Hall Barrientos, Antonia Ho, N. N. Lang, David J. Lowe, Vera Lennie, Peter MacFarlane, Kaithlin J. Mayne, Patrick Mark, Alasdair McIntosh, Ross McGeoch, Christopher McGinley, Connor Mckee, Sabrina Nordin, Alexander Payne, Alastair Rankin, Keith E. Robertson, Nicola Ryan, Giles H. Roditi, Naveed Sattar, David B. Stobo, Sarah Allwood-Spiers, Rhian Touyz, Gruschen Veldtman, Sarah Weeden, Stuart Watkins, Paul Welsh, Ryan Wereski, Kenneth Mangion, Colin Berry
Summary: This study investigated the associations of healthcare worker status with multisystem illness trajectory in hospitalized post-COVID-19 individuals. The results showed that healthcare workers had similar age, gender, and cardiovascular risk compared to non-healthcare workers, but had lower acute inflammation, milder illness severity, and shorter duration of hospital admission. Healthcare worker status was independently associated with the likelihood of myocarditis. Healthcare workers also had a higher rate of secondary care referrals.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer Susan Lees, Nicole L. De La Mata, Michael K. Sullivan, Melanie L. Wyld, Brenda M. Rosales, Rachel Cutting, James Alan Hedley, Elaine Rutherford, Patrick Barry Mark, Angela C. Webster
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether adding kidney function biomarkers based on creatinine, cystatin C or a combination of the two could improve risk stratification for stroke and major bleeding, and whether there were sex differences in the additive value of these biomarkers. The results showed that eGFR(Cys) was more strongly associated with ischemic stroke than eGFR(Cr), especially in women. eGFR(Cys) and eGFR(Cr-Cys) were more strongly associated with major bleeding and all-cause mortality than eGFR(Cr) in both men and women. Therefore, enhanced measurement of cystatin C may improve risk stratification and clinical treatment decisions for ischemic stroke and major bleeding, particularly in women.
EUROPEAN STROKE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kenneth Mangion, Andrew J. Morrow, Robert Sykes, Anna Kamdar, Catherine Bagot, George Bruce, Paul Connelly, Christian Delles, Vivienne B. Gibson, Lynsey Gillespie, Pauline Hall Barriento, Vera Lennie, Giles Roditi, Naveed Sattar, David Stobo, Sarah Allwood-Spiers, Alex McConnachie, Colin Berry
Summary: A study found sex differences in myocardial inflammation in female post-COVID-19 patients, who also reported worse outcomes at index admission and 28-60 days follow-up, although they had lower rates of cardiovascular hospitalization.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bhautesh Dinesh Jani, Michael K. Sullivan, Peter Hanlon, Barbara I. Nicholl, Jennifer S. Lees, Lamorna Brown, Sara Macdonald, Patrick B. Mark, Frances S. Mair, Frank M. Sullivan
Summary: This study aims to calculate a lung cancer risk score using GP electronic medical records (EMR) for accurate screening of high-risk individuals. By analyzing 2.3 million GP EMR and validating it with 211,597 individuals, the GP-EMR-derived score shows higher accuracy compared to the current lung cancer screening pilot methods.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Katherine L. Hull, Kate Bramham, Cassandra L. Brookes, Victoria Cluley, Carmel Conefrey, Nicola J. Cooper, Helen Eborall, James Fotheringham, Matthew P. M. Graham-Brown, Laura J. Gray, Patrick B. Mark, Sandip Mitra, Gavin J. Murphy, Niamh Quann, Leila Rooshenas, Madeleine Warren, James O. Burton
Summary: The study aims to compare the impact of in-centre nocturnal haemodialysis (INHD) and conventional haemodialysis on the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients. It is a randomized controlled trial that evaluates the efficacy of both treatments through measures such as dialysis effectiveness, sleep, and cognitive function. Adult patients are eligible to participate in the study.