Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clarissa Corinaldesi, Rebecca L. Ross, Giuseppina Abignano, Cristina Antinozzi, Francesco Marampon, Luigi di Luigi, Maya H. Buch, Valeria Riccieri, Andrea Lenzi, Clara Crescioli, Francesco Del Galdo
Summary: Sildenafil treatment is associated with lower serum levels of CXCL10, which is elevated in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Serum CXCL10 is strongly correlated with muscle involvement severity and CK levels in SSc patients, suggesting its potential involvement in muscle damage. In vitro studies show that sildenafil dose-dependently reduces CXCL10 release by myocytes and inhibits phosphorylation of key signaling molecules, supporting the idea that PDE5i could be a therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating muscle damage in SSc.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Amania A. Sheikh, Joanna R. Groom
Summary: During viral infection, CD4(+) T cells differentiate into Th1 cells for inflammation and pathogen clearance, or Tfh cells for enhancing germinal center reactions. The lineage-defining transcription factors T-bet and Bcl6 play key roles in determining the fate of CD4(+) T cells toward Th1 or Tfh. Transcriptional networks guided by cytokine cues dynamically shape the fate and function of these cells during infection.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinlong Li, Yuanyuan Guo, Xiaoxu Duan, Bing Li
Summary: Inorganic arsenic induces immune tolerance in murine dendritic cells by down-regulating the expression of phenotypic molecules, pro-inflammatory factors, and T-lymphocyte cytokines. The immunosuppressive property of arsenic may be partially mediated by the HO-1 pathway, contributing to the development of infections and malignant diseases.
Review
Immunology
Chen Dong
Summary: T lymphocytes play a key role in cellular immunity, with significant heterogeneity in CD4(+) T cells leading to the identification of various subsets with unique roles in immunity and pathology. Understanding cytokine regulation and function has provided innovative treatment options for many human diseases.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY, VOL 39
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ning Huang, Hao Dong, Yuqi Luo, Bin Shao
Summary: Periodontitis is a chronic disease driven by pathogens and inflammation, modulated by the immune system, particularly Th17 cells. Th17 cells play a key role in driving periodontal inflammation and their cytokines are major players in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Understanding regulators of Th17 cells is crucial for potential clinical interventions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xuan Wang, Mara Lennard Richard, Tomika S. Caldwell, Kamala Sundararaj, Shuzo Sato, Tamara K. Nowling, Xian K. Zhang
Summary: The transcription factor Fli-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of lupus disease by regulating the expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3, which play important roles in renal inflammation and damage. Targeting Fli-1 or the CXCL10-CXCR3 axis may provide new approaches for lupus treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Luca Danelli, Georgina Cornish, Julia Merkenschlager, George Kassiotis
Summary: The study found that selectively priming protective responses through amplification of signal 1, particularly inducing Th1 effector cells and memory cells through enhanced signal 1. These cells can protect against retroviral infection and tumor challenge, and enhance the immune response of tumor-reactive CD4(+) T cells.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nandini Krishnamoorthy, Katherine H. Walker, Thayse R. Bruggemann, Luciana P. Tavares, Ethan W. Smith, Julie Nijmeh, Yan Bai, Xingbin Ai, Elaine Cagnina, Melody G. Duvall, Jessica A. Lehoczky, Bruce D. Levy
Summary: The resolution of infection is an active process with specific molecular and cellular mechanisms that temper inflammation and enhance pathogen clearance. Maresin 1 (MaR1), a specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM), has been found to inhibit respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced inflammation and promote resolution of infection. Furthermore, MaR1 enhances the suppressive function of regulatory T cells and upregulates host antiviral genes, leading to decreased viral burden and restoration of airway mucosal homeostasis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacopo Morroni, Leonardo Schirone, Valentina Valenti, Clemens Zwergel, Carles Sanchez Riera, Sergio Valente, Daniele Vecchio, Sonia Schiavon, Rino Ragno, Antonello Mai, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser, Marina Bouche
Summary: Chronic cardiac muscle inflammation and subsequent fibrotic tissue deposition are key features in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Corticosteroids are currently the treatment of choice for delaying DMD progression, but there is a need for new anti-inflammatory therapies due to the adverse effects associated with long-term corticosteroid use. In this study, the inhibition of PKC theta was found to significantly reduce immune cell infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis in the heart. Functional improvements were also observed in left ventricle fractional shortening. These findings suggest that PKC theta pharmacological inhibition could be an attractive therapeutic approach for treating dystrophic cardiomyopathy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Liqian Peng, Yue Lu, Yingming Gu, Bihua Liang, Yanhong Li, Huaping Li, Yanan Ke, Huilan Zhu, Zhenjie Li
Summary: This study found that LBP can effectively treat monobenzone-induced vitiligo in mice by reducing depigmentation and inflammation and inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hanan E. Alrashidi, Amna A. Alotiby
Summary: This study found that zinc supplementation can increase the number of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and slightly decrease the number of T helper 17 cells (Th17). Zinc can reduce the production of IFN gamma, but its effect on IL10 is not significant. In mixed lymphocyte cultures, zinc supplementation significantly increases the expression of Tregs-specific transcription factors.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rosanne D. Reitsema, William F. Jiemy, Lieske Wekema, Annemieke M. H. Boots, Peter Heeringa, Minke G. Huitema, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Yannick van Sleen, Maria Sandovici, Caroline Roozendaal, Arjan Diepstra, Thomas Kwee, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Elisabeth Brouwer, Kornelis S. M. van der Geest
Summary: This study investigated the T helper 1 (T-H1) and T helper 17 (T-H17) cell responses in blood, synovial fluid, and bursa tissue of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). The findings suggest that T-H1 cells are involved in the inflammation of bursae and tendon sheaths in PMR, indicating the T-H1 cell pathway as a potential therapeutic target for PMR.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Edwin J. Heeregrave, Jordan Thomas, Toni M. van Capel, Esther C. de Jong, Georgios Pollakis, William A. Paxton
Summary: HIV-1 can infect various cell types, and the phenotype of the virus can be influenced by the characteristics of the producing cell. Comparing virus strains produced from different cell types, it was found that virus produced from macrophages is more resistant to 2G12 neutralization and more efficiently transmitted to CD4+ cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Yoshiaki Kobayashi, Nozomu Kurose, Xin Guo, Akihiro Shioya, Morimasa Kitamura, Hiroyuki Tsuji, Sohsuke Yamada
Summary: This study investigated the immune responses and relationship between Tfh and Th1 cells in patients with Warthin tumours, finding that Tfh were involved in the formation and maintenance of lymphoid follicles in WTs. The cyst-type tumours exhibited more T-bet positive lymphocytes, suggesting a Th1-dominant cellular immune response causing damage to tumour tissue.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhi-Yong Zhou, Yan Deng, Ying-Ling Wen, Yun-qi Cheng, Kuang-Xun Li, Hong-ping Chen
Summary: Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in obesity-related complications. Knocking out Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, but in aged mice, TLR4 knockout leads to spontaneous obesity. TLR4 knockout activates the TRIF/IRF3 pathway, causing inflammation, altering macrophage activity, and resulting in imbalances in lymphocyte populations, indicating the occurrence of chronic low-grade inflammation.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michele Iannone, Anna Pia Dima, Francesca Sciarra, Francesco Botre, Andrea M. Isidori
Summary: We present a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous analysis of 16 endogenous steroids in human serum. The method is specific, linear, and can be used to identify concentration abnormalities in disorders of the gonadal and adrenal axes.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Di Maio, Arianna De Rosa, Silvia Pelucchi, Martina Garofalo, Benedetta Marciano, Tommaso Nuzzo, Fabrizio Gardoni, Andrea M. Isidori, Monica Di Luca, Francesco Errico, Andrea De Bartolomeis, Elena Marcello, Alessandro Usiello
Summary: This study examined mRNA and protein expression of key spine shaping proteins in the brains of schizophrenia patients and found altered expression of CAP2 and DLG1 genes in different brain regions, suggesting their potential involvement in synaptic dysfunction associated with psychiatric disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Noemi Poerio, Nadia R. Caccamo, Marco P. La Manna, Tommaso Olimpieri, Lucia Henrici De Angelis, Marco M. D'Andrea, Francesco Dieli, Maurizio Fraziano
Summary: This study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of phosphatidylserine-liposome (PS-L) in the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. PS-L reduced inflammation and cytokine production, leading to a significant decrease in intracellular M. tuberculosis viability and HIV replication.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Maria Tredicine, Francesco Ria, Noemi Poerio, Matteo Lucchini, Assunta Bianco, Federica De Santis, Mariagrazia Valentini, Valeria De Arcangelis, Mario Rende, Anna Maria Stabile, Alessandra Pistilli, Chiara Camponeschi, Viviana Nociti, Massimiliano Mirabella, Maurizio Fraziano, Gabriele Di Sante
Summary: The current available treatments of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have limited efficacy in slowing the progression of the disease and can lead to severe side effects. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory potential of a new class of nanoparticles called liposomes in vitro. The results showed that liposomes composed of phosphatidylserine were able to inhibit inflammatory cytokine secretion and expand regulatory T cells. These findings suggest that liposomes could be used as therapeutic tools to dampen pro-inflammatory immune responses and promote regulatory immune responses in MS.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppe Defeudis, Maria Chiara Massari, Giovanni Terrana, Lucia Coppola, Nicola Napoli, Silvia Migliaccio
Summary: Celiac disease is increasingly being diagnosed, and the only available treatment is a gluten-free diet (GFD). The impact of gluten on metabolic syndrome and related inflammatory response is still uncertain due to conflicting results. Research on the role of the GFD in glycometabolic parameters, vitamin D, and inflammatory cytokines is necessary. This narrative review provides evidence on the effects of the GFD on various metabolic parameters, but the overall impact on metabolic syndrome components remains unclear.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Donatella Ambroselli, Fabrizio Masciulli, Enrico Romano, Giuseppina Catanzaro, Zein Mersini Besharat, Maria Chiara Massari, Elisabetta Ferretti, Silvia Migliaccio, Luana Izzo, Alberto Ritieni, Michela Grosso, Caterina Formichi, Francesco Dotta, Francesco Frigerio, Eleonora Barbiera, Anna Maria Giusti, Cinzia Ingallina, Luisa Mannina
Summary: The definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has changed over time due to the difficulty in establishing universal criteria. MetS is associated with a pro-inflammatory state related to altered glucose metabolism, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. Complications of MetS include cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Genetic factors, human microbiota, and diet play complex roles in the predisposition to MetS. This review summarizes the literature of the past decade on MetS, including its definition, pathophysiology, treatment approaches, prediction and diagnosis using advanced methodologies, and the role of specific foods in prevention and/or treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Galardi, Marta Colletti, Alessandro Palma, Angela Di Giannatale
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), formed by reverse splicing of mRNAs, are noncoding RNA molecules with high stability, abundance, and evolutionary conservation. They play important roles in various cellular functions, including miRNA and protein sponges, transcriptional modulation, and splicing. Their aberrant expression in pathological conditions highlights their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Roberta Centello, Franz Sesti, Tiziana Feola, Valentina Sada, Carla Pandozzi, Marco Di Serafino, Patrizia Pacini, Vito Cantisani, Elisa Giannetta, Maria Grazia Tarsitano
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review of the applications of ultrasound (US) in clinical practice, discussing the histopathological and US characteristics of the parathyroid glands in normal and pathological conditions, the advantages of preoperative imaging, and novel updates on the most useful and currently available multiparameter US techniques.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacopo Forte, Patrizia Nadia Hanieh, Noemi Poerio, Tommaso Olimpieri, Maria Grazia Ammendolia, Maurizio Fraziano, Maria Gioia Fabiano, Carlotta Marianecci, Maria Carafa, Federico Bordi, Simona Sennato, Federica Rinaldi
Summary: Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs) is a dangerous non-tubercular mycobacterium with wide resistance to antibiotics, making therapeutic management difficult. Liposomes as nanocarriers can be modified to enhance stability, mucus penetration, and residence time in the lung. The study demonstrates the potential use of e-PLL liposomes for improving antibiotic delivery against Mabs infection.
Review
Rheumatology
Silvia Migliaccio, Antimo Moretti, Annalisa Biffi, Raffaella Ronco, Gloria Porcu, Giovanni Adami, Rosaria Alvaro, Riccardo Bogini, Achille Patrizio Caputi, Luisella Cianferotti, Bruno Frediani, Davide Gatti, Stefano Gonnelli, Andrea Lenzi, Salvatore Leone, Tiziana Nicoletti, Marco Paoletta, Annalisa Pennini, Eleonora Piccirilli, Raffaella Michieli, Umberto Tarantino, Maurizio Rossini, Giovanni Corrao, Maria Luisa Brandi, Giovanni Iolascon
Summary: This article summarizes the results of a systematic review that examined the association between the continuity of medication treatment and various outcomes in patients with fragility fractures. The findings indicate that adherence to antiosteoporotic drugs can reduce the risk of nonvertebral fractures and refracture, and improve survival rates in patients who continue treatment. Therefore, clinicians should encourage patients to adhere to antiosteoporotic medication.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Rheumatology
Antimo Moretti, Sara Liguori, Marco Paoletta, Silvia Migliaccio, Giuseppe Toro, Francesca Gimigliano, Giovanni Iolascon
Summary: Bone fragility is associated with aging, comorbidities, disability, poor quality of life, and increased mortality. International guidelines recommend a nutritional approach for managing patients with bone fragility, focusing on optimal protein, calcium, and vitamin D intake. Patients with major fragility fractures often have poor dietary habits and lack intake of nutrients that affect bone health, which can be further worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative review discusses the role of macro- and micronutrients in patients with bone fragility during this pandemic.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Fantini, Clarissa Corinaldesi, Andrea Lenzi, Silvia Migliaccio, Clara Crescioli
Summary: Aging is a natural and unavoidable process that is characterized by the accumulation of biomolecular damage and defective cellular components, resulting in weakened overall body function. Aging is associated with changes in immune system cells, leading to a decline in immune surveillance and an increased risk of inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases. Nutrition, including micronutrients like vitamins and elements, can play a role in regulating the aging process by impacting cell function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Rheumatology
Maria Chiara Massari, Viviana Maria Bimonte, Lavinia Falcioni, Antimo Moretti, Carlo Baldari, Giovanni Iolascon, Silvia Migliaccio
Summary: 'Frailty' is a state of increased vulnerability caused by impairment of homeostasis due to stress. Frail individuals are more likely to experience significant health decline and have a higher risk of adverse outcomes such as osteoporosis, falls, and disability. Frailty is becoming increasingly important due to global population aging. The pathophysiology of frailty involves cumulative molecular and cellular damage and is partially independent of aging but closely related. Uncorrected nutrition and sedentary behavior worsen frailty.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Giulia Pericoli, Angela Galardi, Lucia Lisa Petrilli, Alessandro Paolini, Stefano Levi Mortera, Gerardo Pepe, Alessandro Palma, Emmanuel de Billy, Roberta Ferretti, Marta Colletti, Ezio Giorda, Anna Burford, Alan Mackay, Luisa Pascucci, Hector Peinado, Chris Jones, Manuela Helmer Citterich, Lorenza Putignani, Andrea Carai, Angela Mastronuzzi, Andrea Masotti, Franco Locatelli, Angela Di Giannatale, Maria Vinci
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giulia Puliani, Franz Sesti, Emanuela Anastasi, Monica Verrico, Maria Grazia Tarsitano, Tiziana Feola, Federica Campolo, Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia, Mary Anna Venneri, Antonio Angeloni, Marialuisa Appetecchia, Andrea Lenzi, Andrea Marcello Isidori, Antongiulio Faggiano, Elisa Giannetta, Domenico Alvaro, Domenico Alvaro, Emanuela Anastasi, Antonio Angeloni, Oreste Bagni, Caterina Bangrazi, Massimiliano Bassi, Mario Bezzi, Nadia Bulzonetti, Vito Cantisani, Roberto Caronna, Giovanni Casella, Carlo Catalano, Roberta Centello, Enrico Cortesi, Ferdinando D'Ambrosio, Carlo Della Rocca, Adriano De Santis, Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia, Valentina Di Vito, Antongiulio Faggiano, Tiziana Feola, Daniele Gianfrilli, Alfredo Genco, Elisa Giannetta, Franco Iafrate, Andrea M. Isidori, Andrea Lenzi, Paolo Marchetti, Francesca Maccioni, Alessio Molfino, Maurizio Muscaritoli, Carla Pandozzi, Giulia Puliani, Franz Sesti, Carola Severi, Silverio Tomao, Vincenzo Tombolini, Federico Venuta, Monica Verrico
Summary: This study found higher levels of angiogenic markers in patients with NENs and an association between ANG2 serum levels and NENs morphology and staging. In both GEP and lung NENs, ANG2 and PROK2 were higher in cases of tumor progression, suggesting a potential role as prognostic markers in NENs patients.
