Journal
NATURE PHOTONICS
Volume 15, Issue 11, Pages 822-827Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41566-021-00884-x
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Funding
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [FA8650-19-2-7924]
- National Science Foundation EFRI grant [EFMA-1641084]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-19-1-0256]
- Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-17-1-2209]
- Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
- US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
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Optical isolators based on magneto-optic principles have limitations in integration with photonic circuits, but a non-magnetic alternative utilizing phonon-mediated photonic Autler-Townes splitting shows promise in achieving ultralow insertion loss and high contrast on-chip.
Optical isolators today are exclusively built on magneto-optic principles but are not readily implemented within photonic integrated circuits. So far, no magnetless alternative(1-22) has managed to simultaneously combine linearity (that is, no frequency shift), linear response (that is, input-output scaling), ultralow insertion loss and large directional contrast on-chip. Here we demonstrate an electrically driven optical isolator design that leverages the unbeatable transparency of a short, high-quality dielectric waveguide, with the strong attenuation from a critically coupled absorber. Our concept is implemented using a lithium niobate racetrack resonator in which phonon-mediated(13) photonic Autler-Townes splitting(10,16,23,24) breaks the chiral symmetry of the resonant modes. We demonstrate isolators at wavelengths one octave apart near 1,550 nm and 780 nm, fabricated from the same lithium-niobate-on-insulator wafer. Linear isolation is demonstrated with simultaneously <1 dB insertion loss, >39 dB contrast and 10 dB bandwidth up to similar to 200 MHz. Non-magnetic optical isolators are demonstrated using phonon-mediated photonic Autler-Townes splitting. The on-chip lithium niobate devices simultaneously achieve ultralow insertion loss and high contrast.
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