Journal
ADDICTION
Volume 110, Issue 11, Pages 1844-1852Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/add.13079
Keywords
Cohort study; five-factor model; meta-analysis; personality; smoking
Categories
Funding
- British Heart Foundation
- Cancer Research UK
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Medical Research Council
- National Institute for Health Research under UK Clinical Research Collaboration
- Academy of Finland [258598, 265174]
- UK Medical Research Council [K013351]
- Academy of Finland
- US National Institutes of Health [R01HL036310, R01AG034454]
- Alzheimer Scotland
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, cross council Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative [G0700704/84698]
- BBSRC
- EPSRC
- ESRC
- MRC
- British Heart Foundation
- Cancer Research UK
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Medical Research Council
- National Institute for Health Research under UK Clinical Research Collaboration
- Academy of Finland [258598, 265174]
- UK Medical Research Council [K013351]
- Academy of Finland
- US National Institutes of Health [R01HL036310, R01AG034454]
- Alzheimer Scotland
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, cross council Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative [G0700704/84698]
- BBSRC
- EPSRC
- ESRC
- MRC
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/J023299/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/K026992/1, MR/K013351/1, MC_UU_12013/6] Funding Source: researchfish
- ESRC [ES/J023299/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MR/K013351/1, MC_UU_12013/6] Funding Source: UKRI
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AimsTo investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between personality and smoking, and test whether socio-demographic factors modify these associations. DesignCross-sectional and longitudinal individual-participant meta-analysis. SettingNine cohort studies from Australia, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States. ParticipantsA total of 79757 men and women (mean age=50.8years). MeasurementsPersonality traits of the five-factor model (extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience) were used as exposures. Outcomes were current smoking status (current smoker, ex-smoker and never smoker), smoking initiation, smoking relapse and smoking cessation. Associations between personality and smoking were modelled using logistic and multinomial logistic regression, and study-specific findings were combined using random-effect meta-analysis. FindingsCurrent smoking was associated with higher extraversion [odds ratio per 1 standard deviation increase in the score: 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.08-1.24], higher neuroticism (1.19; 95% CI=1.13-1.26) and lower conscientiousness (95% CI=0.88; 0.83-0.94). Among non-smokers, smoking initiation during the follow-up period was predicted prospectively by higher extraversion (1.22; 95% CI=1.04-1.43) and lower conscientiousness (0.80; 95% CI=0.68-0.93), whereas higher neuroticism (1.16; 95% CI=1.04-1.30) predicted smoking relapse among ex-smokers. Among smokers, smoking cessation was negatively associated with neuroticism (0.91; 95% CI=0.87-0.96). Socio-demographic variables did not appear to modify the associations between personality and smoking. ConclusionsAdult smokers have higher extraversion, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness personality scores than non-smokers. Initiation into smoking is associated positively with higher extraversion and lower conscientiousness, while relapse to smoking among ex-smokers is associated with higher neuroticism.
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