Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tao Wang, Wensheng Wang, Qiang Zheng, Yu Ma, Cong Xu
Summary: In order to improve the detection accuracy of radioactive samples, a novel hybrid SFLF microchip was designed for one-step sample preparation, which effectively addressed the difficulty in maintaining stable water-organic-water interfaces and demonstrated high mass transfer efficiency. The system's applicability in preparing radioactive samples was confirmed through selective separation of Ce and Pr from Cs and Sr, showcasing stable flow pattern and superior operating flexibility.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sarah A. Saslow, Tatiana G. Levitskaia, Elsa A. Cordova, Nancy M. Avalos, Daria Boglaienko, Yilin Fang, Xuehang Song, Amanda Lawter, Hilary Emerson, Jim Szecsody, Christian D. Johnson, Carolyn I. Pearce, Vicky L. Freedman, Rob D. Mackley
Summary: Ion exchange resins are widely used in pump-and-treat facilities for groundwater remediation. This study investigated the impact of competing anions on the performance of two types of ion exchange resins used at the Hanford Site. The results showed that the uptake of pertechnetate was not affected by other anions, indicating the high selectivity of the resin for the target contaminant.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sarah A. Saslow, Tatiana G. Levitskaia, Elsa A. Cordova, Nancy M. Avalos, Daria Boglaienko, Yilin Fang, Xuehang Song, Amanda Lawter, Hilary Emerson, Jim Szecsody, Christian D. Johnson, Carolyn I. Pearce, Vicky L. Freedman, Rob D. Mackley
Summary: In this investigation, the performance of two ion exchange resins, Purolite A532E and DOWEX 21K, for groundwater treatment at the Hanford Site P&T facility in Washington State was evaluated. The results showed that DOWEX was highly selective for uranium (U) removal as uranyl carbonate species, with 85-100% uptake. The presence of competing anions, such as nitrate (NO3-), had minimal impact on U removal at the concentrations typically found in the treated groundwater. Modeling results predicted that current and future influent chemistries would have little effect on U removal by DOWEX, ensuring compliance with groundwater treatment requirements.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alessandra Carbone, Sabrina Campagna Zignani, Irene Gatto, Rolando Pedicini, Claudio Oldani, Alice Cattaneo, Antonio Salvatore Arico
Summary: Alkaline membrane water electrolysis using perfluorinated polymer as an alternative to hydrocarbon-based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) shows promising applications for green hydrogen production. The introduction of quaternary ammonium groups onto Aquivion (R) perfluorinated backbone through a simple two-step functionalization reaction using a low toxicity dispersant is successful. The formed AEM exhibits enhanced ion dissociation and shows only limited degradation of functional groups in alkaline solution, making it suitable for electrolysis with high current density and low degradation.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Miting Du, Tom D. Hylton, Sharon M. Robinson
Summary: This work presents a streamlined approach to recover and purify U-234 from aged Pu-238, resulting in efficient uranium and plutonium separation process. A new processing scheme using an anion exchange column and uranyl peroxide precipitation step was developed, producing tens of grams of ultrahigh purity U-234 successfully at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The key modifications to conventional techniques improved the efficiency of uranium and plutonium separation.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhongyu Wei, Shuo Wang, Qi Xu, Shuo Li, Long Yu, Yuxiu Xiao
Summary: Researchers have developed a biomimetic integrated three-step workflow, named MIDAS, for the detection of haloacetic acids in aqueous samples. This system allows for rapid, ultrasensitive, and accurate quantification of specific haloacetic acids, as well as the discrimination of mixed haloacetic acids on site.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Hui Min Tee, Habin Park, Parin N. N. Shah, Jamie A. A. Trindell, Joshua D. D. Sugar, Paul A. A. Kohl
Summary: Hydrogen produced through low-temperature water electrolysis using anion exchange membranes combines the benefits of liquid-electrolyte alkaline electrolysis and solid-polymer proton exchange membrane electrolysis. The study found that using cathode ionomers with high ion exchange capacity improved cathode durability, and using ionomers soluble in the spray-coated cathode ink further improved durability and reduced voltage.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Emily Cossar, Frederic Murphy, Jaspreet Walia, Arnaud Weck, Elena A. Baranova
Summary: The anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limits the overall hydrogen production efficiency of anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE). Nickel-iron (NiFe)-based catalysts show excellent activity toward the OER. This study investigates the application of Aemion AEI with a non-noble-metal Ni90Fe10 nanoparticle anode catalyst in AEMWE, and compares it with commercial Fumion and Nafion ionomers.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Junhan Li, Weigang Liu, Zimin Zhang, Haonan Li, Qifeng Jiang, Yingcai Wang, Rongjing Tang, Bin Xu, Ruihan Guo, Xuebin Su, Rong Hua
Summary: A weakly basic anion exchange resin (SLX-D011) with an amino group as the functional group was prepared and used for the adsorption and separation of uranium and rhenium.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Atif Khan Niaz, Adil Akhtar, Jun-Young Park, Hyung-Tae Lim
Summary: In this study, the effects of different operation modes on the stability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) were investigated. It was found that the short periodic operation mode led to performance degradation due to ohmic resistance, while the long periodic operation mode resulted in better stability with constant resistance values. The study suggests that even small operating factors like rest time frequency can have a significant impact on cell stability.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luigi Osmieri, Yanghua He, Hoon T. Chung, Geoffrey McCool, Barr Zulevi, David A. Cullen, Piotr Zelenay
Summary: Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis is an attractive technology for low-cost generation of green hydrogen by combining the use of noble metal-free catalysts with pure water feed. By addressing drawbacks of other electrolysis technologies, it has the potential to replace them.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jiangyi Wu, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: A new strategy based on electric field-reinforced solid phase microextraction (ER-SPME) was proposed for the analysis of trace inorganic anions in aqueous and wine samples. Anion-exchange monolith (AEM) was synthesized on the surface of stainless steel wire and used as the adsorbent of ER-SPME. Electric fields were applied during the adsorption and desorption durations, resulting in accelerated extraction process and enhanced extraction efficiencies. The developed method, combining AEM/ER-SPME with ion chromatography and conductivity detector, exhibited high sensitivity, wide linear ranges, low limits of detection, and satisfactory precision for the quantification of trace investigated anions in various samples.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yue Zhao, Kimio Yoshimura, Shinichi Sawada, Akihiro Hiroki, Aurel Radulescu, Yasunari Maekawa
Summary: We propose a new index, the local hydration number (lambda local), for evaluating the local ion-water interactions and ion transport efficiency in polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs). By using contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering technique and partial scattering function analysis, we accurately determine the lambda local values at the micro-(nano-) scale to the molecular level of PEMs. The obtained lambda local values are close to the conventional hydration number lambda, indicating that all water molecules interact with sulfonic acid groups in the PEMs.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhenbin Zhang, Norman J. Dovichi
Summary: This study presents an integrated platform that combines a miniaturized filter-aided sample preparation method with high-pH reversed phase or strong cation exchange microreactors for efficient sample preparation and fractionation prior to LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The platform generated a large number of unique peptides and protein groups, comparable to state-of-the-art methods, but with reduced cost and time. This integrated platform has significant potential in deep proteomics analysis of mass-limited samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zixuan Wang, Kai Chen, Jiahao Han, Xiyuan Zhang, Bowen Wang, Qing Du, Kui Jiao
Summary: The ionic conductivity of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) plays a crucial role in the performance of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), which is highly influenced by the level of hydration of the membrane. This study quantitatively characterizes the effects of water activity and temperature on water uptake, equilibrium water content, and ionic conductivity of three high-performance AEMs (Alkymer, Orion, and Pention) through designed experiments. The findings provide solid guidelines and support for future experimental characterization and water and thermal management analyses of AEMFCs.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Priyanka J. Reddy, Rajesh Sankhla, Probal Chaudhury
Summary: This study is of great importance for conducting H-3 contamination screening. The calibration curves constructed based on optimized parameters can accurately determine H-3 concentration in various water samples.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rafael Campos de Oliveira, Carlos Alberto de Carvalho Filho, Rubens Martins Moreira, Eliana Nonato Knupp
Summary: This study quantitatively and spatially evaluated the leachate plume from the Belo Horizonte landfill and found that the leachate contained significantly higher levels of tritium compared to rainfall. The tritium was transported towards the Coqueiros stream, with higher concentration close to the landfill slope. The study also identified factors that contribute to higher tritium levels in certain areas, such as the denser character of the leachate and the presence of rock near the surface.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
T. E. Kozhakhanov, N. V. Larionova, S. N. Lukashenko, Zh. A. Baigazinov, A. M. Kabdyrakova, A. Ye. Kunduzbayeva
Summary: The paper presents the results of a long-term experiment on fruit and berry crops grown in conditions of radioactive contamination. The study aims to understand how different species of trees and shrubs accumulate artificial radionuclides, focusing on their absorption through roots from soil. The findings show that the radionuclides are not evenly distributed among the plant organs, with leaves having higher concentrations than branches and fruits. The study also provides quantitative parameters for the transfer and distribution of specific radionuclides in different parts of the crops.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yayra Afram, Godwin Amenorpe, Elvis Asare Bediako, Alfred A. Darkwa, Isaac Kodzo Amegbor
Summary: This study evaluated the response of maize genotypes to gamma radiation and determined an effective dosage for mutation breeding. The results showed a decrease in the growth and plant characteristics of maize with increasing gamma radiation doses.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Angelica Vergara Wasserman, Aline Gonzalez Viana, Michele Maria da Silva, Flavia Bartoly, Tatiane Rocha Pereira, Ronaldo Janvrot Vivone, Ana Cristina de Melo Ferreira, Daniel Vidal Perez
Summary: Public concerns about environmental protection have increased since the Fukushima accident. The soil-plant transfer factor (Fv) is an important parameter for environmental risk assessment. The study investigates the behavior of 90Sr in Brazilian soils and finds that a significant portion of 90Sr remains potentially mobile, mainly in the bioavailable phase. The behavior of 90Sr in these soils is influenced by ionic competition mechanisms and the presence of stable Sr and major nutrients. The mineralogy of the soils also plays a role in the transfer of 90Sr.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. Pavlenko, V. Yoschenko, M. Hrechaniuk, T. Wada, V. Kashparov
Summary: Activity concentrations of 90Sr in fish in lakes within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone exceed permissible levels, and transferring contaminated fish to clean water does not effectively reduce 90Sr content. Establishing permissible levels of 90Sr concentration only in fish fillet is appropriate for human radiation protection.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
