Article
Immunology
Hiroshi Kusunoki, Michiko Ohkusa, Rie Iida, Ayumi Saito, Mikio Kawahara, Kazumi Ekawa, Nozomi Kato, Keita Yamasaki, Masaharu Motone, Hideo Shimizu
Summary: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the changes in antibody titers after the second and third doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, and to determine the antibody titers in cases of spontaneous infection with SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination. Results showed that antibody titers decreased with time after the second and third doses, unless there was a spontaneous COVID-19 infection. The third booster vaccination was effective in increasing the antibody titer. Additionally, natural infections after administering two or more doses of the vaccine were observed, with some patients maintaining high antibody titers even after 6 months since infection.
Article
Immunology
Jing Li, Menglei Ge, Shuzhi Dai, Qinwei Song, Weijie Liu, Ying Wang, Wenjian Xu, Lijuan Ma
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the humoral immune response of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in vaccinated children and analyze the causes of antibody positivity in unvaccinated children. The results showed that the vaccine induced a strong antibody response, but the levels declined over time. In unvaccinated children, positive antibodies were associated with passive infusion.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nadine Kronfli, Camille Dussault, Mathieu Maheu-Giroux, Alexandros Halavrezos, Sylvie Chalifoux, Hyejin Park, Lina Del Balso, Matthew P. P. Cheng, Joseph Cox
Summary: Correctional officers are at the highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among correctional workers and have the lowest COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Addressing occupational risks and vaccine hesitancy are crucial in mitigating future outbreaks.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Furong Qi, Yingyin Cao, Shuye Zhang, Zheng Zhang
Summary: Vaccination and early therapeutic interventions are crucial in combating COVID-19, while single-cell multi-omic technologies can provide insights into the immune responses and molecular mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, aiding in the development of vaccines and therapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Martina Ferrari, Lorenza Di Marco, Alessandra Pivetti, Stefania Paduano, Chiara Vecchi, Veronica Bernabucci, Rosina Maria Critelli, Simone Lasagni, Monica De Maria, Donatella Venturelli, Monica Pecorari, Giorgia Boaretto, Giulia Fregni Serpini, Dante Romagnoli, Roberto Mantovani, Giovanni Battista Ceccherelli, Erica Villa
Summary: We investigated the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in voluntary blood donors in Italy at different timepoints. Immediately after lockdown easing, 908 out of 25,657 donors (3.5%) had low IgG titers against nucleocapsid. In the following two years, titers increased despite few COVID-19 symptoms. Allergic rhinitis was found to be associated with a reduced risk for symptomatic COVID-19 according to multivariate analysis.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Qiu-Yan Xu, Jian-Hang Xue, Yao Xiao, Zhi-Juan Jia, Meng-Juan Wu, Yan-Yun Liu, Wei-Li Li, Xian-Ming Liang, Tian-Ci Yang
Summary: An urgent need for a highly protective vaccine against COVID-19 exists. This study evaluated the response and duration of 5 subsets of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-vaccination, and found intense but decaying antibody response with the CoronaVac vaccine, suggesting the need for booster doses in vaccine strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Pai Peng, Haijun Deng, Zhihong Li, Yao Chen, Liang Fang, Jie Hu, Kang Wu, Jianjiang Xue, Deqiang Wang, Beizhong Liu, Quanxin Long, Juan Chen, Kai Wang, Ni Tang, Ai-long Huang
Summary: Immune responses to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the early phase show lower antibody levels compared to acute phase of natural infection, especially in IgA antibodies. Differences in antibody responses and cytokine levels between natural infection and vaccination with inactivated vaccines may provide insights for vaccine optimization and serological testing.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Soma Sarkar, Shantanab Das, Kabita Choudhury, Saibal Mukherjee, Raghunath Chatterjee
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate the seroprevalence among health care workers (HCWs) pre- and post-vaccination. The study found that almost all HCWs who received two doses of the vaccine developed antibodies, but there was a significant decrease in antibody titre during the 6 to 8 months post-vaccination follow-up, indicating the need for a booster dose. Some vaccinated HCWs with low antibody titre were infected with SARS-CoV-2, but the majority of them only showed mild symptoms and recovered without the need for oxygen support.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Oliver Laeyendecker, Yu-Hsiang Hsieh, Richard E. Rothman, Gaby Dashler, Thomas Kickler, Reinaldo E. Fernandez, William Clarke, Eshan U. Patel, Aaron A. R. Tobian, Gabor D. Kelen, Thomas C. Quinn
Summary: The study found that the burden of COVID-19 in Baltimore City increased significantly during the early stages of the pandemic, with a higher prevalence among Hispanic individuals. Independent factors associated with acute infection included Hispanic ethnicity, loss of smell or taste, subjective fever, cough, muscle ache and fever, while factors associated with convalescent infection included Hispanic ethnicity and low oxygen saturation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jannae C. Parrott, Ariana N. Maleki, Valerie E. Vassor, Sukhminder Osahan, Yusyin Hsin, Michael Sanderson, Steven Fernandez, Amber Levanon Seligson, Scott Hughes, Jing Wu, Andrea K. DeVito, Stephen P. LaVoie, Jennifer L. Rakeman, L. Hannah Gould, Karen A. Alroy
Summary: A population-based survey in New York City estimated SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence, revealing that by October 2020, nearly 1 in 3 black and Latino adults in NYC had antibodies. This highlights the unequal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on these communities.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chengzi Kaku, Elizabeth R. Champney, Johan Normark, Marina Garcia, Carl E. Johnson, Clas Ahlm, Wanda Christ, Mrunal Sakharkar, Margaret E. Ackerman, Jonas Klingstrom, Mattias N. E. Forsell, Laura M. Walker
Summary: Heterologous prime-boost immunization strategies have the potential to enhance the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. A study found that heterologous vaccination induced stronger neutralizing antibody and memory B cell responses, as well as better efficacy against variant strains. The study also revealed that heterologous vaccination can enhance the quality of B cell responses.
Article
Immunology
Marianne Graninger, Jeremy V. Camp, Stephan W. Aberle, Marianna T. Traugott, Wolfgang Hoepler, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl, Lukas Weseslindtner, Alexander Zoufaly, Judith H. Aberle, Karin Stiasny
Summary: This study analyzed neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in individuals recovered from infection in 2020 and vaccinees. The results showed that non-hospitalized patients had the lowest neutralization titers, while hospitalized patients had similar or higher titers compared to vaccinated individuals. Neutralizing activity declined significantly after six months and mutations in the infecting strain's spike protein affected neutralization.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yuanhao Liang, Qian Sun, Quanxun Liu, Yulian Pang, Shixing Tang
Summary: This study systematically assessed the incidence, seroprevalence, and COVID-19 vaccination coverage in homeless people. The results indicated that homeless people remain highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and COVID-19 vaccination coverage is lower than the general population.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pierre Gallian, Nathanael Hoze, Nadege Brisbarre, Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel, Elif Nurtop, Christine Isnard, Boris Pastorino, Pascale Richard, Pascal Morel, Simon Cauchemez, Xavier de Lamballerie
Summary: We conducted a cross-sectional study on SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 IgG prevalence in French blood donors, finding an overall increase in seroprevalence over the study period. By January 2021, we estimated that 15% of the French population had been infected. The infection/hospitalization ratio increased with age, and half of the IgG-S1 positive individuals showed no detectable antibodies after 4 to 5 months.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Helen Ward, Christina Atchison, Matthew Whitaker, Kylie E. C. Ainslie, Joshua Elliott, Lucy Okell, Rozlyn Redd, Deborah Ashby, Christl A. Donnelly, Wendy Barclay, Ara Darzi, Graham Cooke, Steven Riley, Paul Elliott
Summary: The REACT-2 study in England found that by mid-July 2020, around 6% of adults had been infected with SARS-CoV-2, with healthcare workers and individuals of Black or South Asian ethnicity disproportionately affected. Although different ethnicities had similar infection fatality ratios, higher hospitalization and mortality rates in minority ethnic groups may be due to higher rates of infection rather than differential disease experience or care.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leigh Smith, Sara Pau, Susan Fallon, Sara E. Cosgrove, Melanie S. Curless, Valeria Fabre, Sara M. Karaba, Lisa L. Maragakis, Aaron M. Milstone, Anna C. Sick-Samuels, Polly Trexler, Clare Rock
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of a 7-day recurring asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing protocol for all hospitalized patients in a large academic center. The results showed that 40 new cases were identified, with 1 out of 3 cases occurring after 14 days of hospitalization. Recurring testing can effectively identify unrecognized infections, especially during periods of high community transmission.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leigh Smith, C. Paul Morris, Morgan H. Jibowu, Susan Fallon, Stuart C. Ray, Sara E. Cosgrove, Melanie S. Curless, Valeria Fabre, Sara M. Karaba, Lisa L. Maragakis, Aaron M. Milstone, Anna C. Sick-Samuels, Polly Trexler, Heba H. Mostafa, Clare Rock
Summary: This passage discusses the challenges of confirming the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare workers and hospitalized patients, as well as the potential risk factors identified through investigation.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Neda Khalili, Richard Wang, Tushar Garg, Amara Ahmed, Meisam Hoseinyazdi, Haris Sair, Licia P. Luna, Jarunee Intrapiromkul, Francis Deng, Vivek Yedavalli
Summary: Stroke mimics are common in patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke, and perfusion imaging can provide valuable information for distinguishing stroke mimics from acute ischemic stroke, leading to more accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Review
Neuroimaging
Amara Ahmed, Bhumi Patel, Richard Wang, Licia Luna, Audrey Verde, Laleh Daftari Besheli, Jarunee Intrapiromkul, Mehreen Nabi, Namratha Edpuganti, Francis Deng, Vivek Yedavalli
Summary: Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance perfusion technique that can quantify cerebral blood flow (CBF) without the use of contrast or radiation. Several applications of ASL have been described in the diagnosis and surveillance of vascular anomalies in the intracranial compartment, with different vascular anomalies showing specific CBF patterns on ASL.
NEURORADIOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Andrew H. Karaba, Trevor S. Johnston, Evan Beck, Oliver Laeyendecker, Andrea L. Cox, Sabra L. Klein, David J. Sullivan
Summary: The relevance of preexisting immunity to the four endemic human coronaviruses in the first week of COVID-19 illness on the outcome of COVID-19 progression stems from the high prevalence of the ehCoV and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses. The question has been raised of whether therapeutic convalescent plasma or control plasma containing ehCoV antibodies might alter the outcome of COVID-19 progression to hospitalization.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Burak B. Ozkara, Mert Karabacak, Omar Hamam, Richard Wang, Apoorva Kotha, Neda Khalili, Meisam Hoseinyazdi, Melissa M. Chen, Max Wintermark, Vivek S. Yedavalli
Summary: By using machine learning models and clinical, laboratory, and quantitative imaging data as inputs, we were able to accurately predict the short- and medium-term functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients with proximal middle cerebral artery occlusions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Vivek Srikar Yedavalli, Omar Hamam, Julie Gudenkauf, Richard Wang, Rafael Llinas, Elisabeth Breese Marsh, Justin Caplan, Kambiz Nael, Victor Urrutia
Summary: This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the effects of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) compared to medical management (MM) in minor acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. The results showed that MT was associated with significantly lower mRS score at 90 days, favorable NIHSS score shift, and improved clinical outcomes compared to MM.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karissa C. Arthur, Shenwen Huang, Julie C. Gudenkauf, Alireza Mohseni, Richard Wang, Alperen Aslan, Mehreen Nabi, Meisam Hoseinyazdi, Brenda Johnson, Navangi Patel, Victor C. Urrutia, Vivek Yedavalli
Summary: The Los Angeles Motor Scale (LAMS) has been found to correlate with computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters in patients with large vessel occlusions (LVOs). LAMS is positively correlated with ischemic core volume, perfusion deficit, and hypoperfusion index, and negatively correlated with cerebral blood volume index.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anping Xie, Danielle W. Koontz, Elizabeth A. Colantuoni, Annie Voskertchian, Marlene R. Miller, James C. Fackler, Aaron M. Milstone, Charlotte Z. Woods-Hill
Summary: The study aimed to disseminate a quality improvement program for optimizing blood culture use in pediatric ICUs to a national collaborative using a participatory ergonomics approach. Through collaboration with local stakeholders, participating sites successfully implemented the program and achieved the goal of reducing blood culture rates.
JOINT COMMISSION JOURNAL ON QUALITY AND PATIENT SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kyle J. J. Popovich, Kathy Aureden, D. Cal Ham, Anthony D. D. Harris, Amanda J. J. Hessels, Susan S. S. Huang, Lisa L. L. Maragakis, Aaron M. M. Milstone, Julia Moody, Deborah Yokoe, David P. P. Calfee
Summary: This document aims to provide practical recommendations in a concise format to assist acute-care hospitals in preventing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission and infection.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vivek Yedavalli, Omar Hamam, Alireza Mohseni, Kwan Chen, Richard Wang, Hye-Young Heo, Jeremy Heit, Elisabeth Breese Marsh, Raf Llinas, Victor Urrutia, Risheng Xu, Fernando Gonzalez, Greg Albers, Argye Hillis, Kambiz Nael
Summary: This study aims to identify the optimal vascular threshold values for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) secondary to distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs). The results show that T-max >10 seconds best predicts final infarct volumes (FIV) in unsuccessfully recanalized patients. In successfully recanalized patients, no CTP threshold reliably predicts FIV or outperforms rCBF < 30%.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard Wang, Jing Huang, Alireza Mohseni, Meisam Hoseinyazdi, Apoorva Kotha, Omar Hamam, Julie Gudenkauf, Hye Young Heo, Mehreen Nabi, Judy Huang, Fernando Gonzalez, Golnoosh Ansari, Mahla Radmard, Licia Luna, Justin Caplan, Risheng Xu, Vivek Yedavalli
Summary: For patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusions, shorter groin puncture to first pass time, shorter first pass to recanalization time, lower admission NIHSS score, and higher age are associated with a decreased probability of achieving mTICI 2c/3 recanalization.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lisa Saiman, Susan E. Coffin, Larry K. Kociolek, Danielle M. Zerr, Aaron M. Milstone, Margaret L. Aldrich, Celibell Y. Vargas, Giovanny Zapata, Morgan A. Zalot, Megan E. Reyna, Amanda Adler, Annie Voskertchian, Emily R. Egbert, Luis Alba, Sonia Gollerkeri, Madelyn Ruggieri, Lyn Finelli, Yoonyoung Choi
Summary: A study identified 122 children with healthcare-associated respiratory syncytial virus (HA-RSV) infections, with 45% requiring increased respiratory support and 15% being transferred to the Pediatric ICU. Further research on effective mitigation strategies for HA-respiratory viral infections should be prioritized.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Burak B. B. Ozkara, Mert Karabacak, Apoorva Kotha, Alperen Aslan, Omar Hamam, Namratha Edpuganti, Meisam Hoseinyazdi, Richard Wang, Brian C. C. Cristiano, Vivek S. Yedavalli
Summary: This study aimed to identify potential predictive clinical, laboratory, and radiographic biomarkers in patients with severe acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion. Age and platelet count were found to be predictors of unfavorable outcomes in this specialized group.
NEUROLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Feben Habtehyimer, Xianming Zhu, Andrew D. Redd, Kelly A. Gebo, Alison G. Abraham, Eshan U. Patel, Oliver Laeyendecker, Thomas J. Gniadek, Reinaldo E. Fernandez, Owen R. Baker, Malathi Ram, Edward R. Cachay, Judith S. Currier, Yuriko Fukuta, Jonathan M. Gerber, Sonya L. Heath, Barry Meisenberg, Moises A. Huaman, Adam C. Levine, Aarthi Shenoy, Shweta Anjan, Janis E. Blair, Daniel Cruser, Donald N. Forthal, Laura L. Hammitt, Seble Kassaye, Giselle S. Mosnaim, Bela Patel, James H. Paxton, Jay S. Raval, Catherine G. Sutcliffe, Matthew Abinante, Kevin S. Oei, Valerie Cluzet, Marie Elena Cordisco, Benjamin Greenblatt, William Rausch, David Shade, Amy L. Gawad, Sabra L. Klein, Andrew Pekosz, Shmuel Shoham, Arturo Casadevall, Evan M. Bloch, Daniel Hanley, Aaron A. R. Tobian, David J. Sullivan
Summary: Early convalescent plasma transfusion can reduce the risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 patients, possibly by decreasing IL-6 levels and reducing disease severity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
