Journal
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 123, Issue 4, Pages 701-718Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30197
Keywords
covalent regulation; energy metabolism; enzyme kinetics; glycolysis; Krebs cycle; modeling
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Funding
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Mexico [282663, 40481, 6379]
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Protein acetylation is a widespread biological process found in non-nuclear proteins, potentially regulating metabolic pathways. However, there is low correlation between acetylation levels and enzyme activity/pathway fluxes, and over-interpretation of results from mutant enzymes mimicking acetylation is common. Rigorous enzyme kinetic analysis in parallel with acetylation level determinations is often lacking.
Acetylation of proteins seems a widespread process found in the three domains of life. Several studies have shown that besides histones, acetylation of lysine residues also occurs in non-nuclear proteins. Hence, it has been suggested that this covalent modification is a mechanism that might regulate diverse metabolic pathways by modulating enzyme activity, stability, and/or subcellular localization or interaction with other proteins. However, protein acetylation levels seem to have low correlation with modification of enzyme activity and pathway fluxes. In addition, the results obtained with mutant enzymes that presumably mimic acetylation have frequently been over-interpreted. Moreover, there is a generalized lack of rigorous enzyme kinetic analysis in parallel to acetylation level determinations. The purpose of this review is to analyze the current findings on the impact of acetylation on metabolic enzymes and its repercussion on metabolic pathways function/regulation.
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