2D structured graphene nanosheets decorated by monodispersed superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for differentiation of mouse cells

In the present study, the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) decorated by monodispersed superparamagnetic Fe3O4 (RGO-IO) nanocomposite was prepared and confirmed with various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The elemental spectral mapping depicts the composition of carbon, oxygen and iron in confirmed the successful formulation and homogenous distribution. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of nanocomposite confirms the existence of elements such as C, O and Fe. The Raman spectroscopy analysis showed the characteristic peak for RGO i.e. D-band and G-band and A(1 g) phonon and E-g phonon peaks for IO is indicating the formation of RGO-IO. Moreover, the HR-TEM microscopic analysis evidently revealed the 2D structured RGO nanosheets are well decorated by a large quantity of IO nano particles. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of nanocomposite showed less toxicity and increased the cellular growth of mouse C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells at higher concentration. The treatment of nanocomposite increases the ROS generation due to the excellent electrochemical performance and induces the formation of myotubes and mature adipocytes. The nanocomposite upregulates the expression of molecular marker proteins responsible for the myogenesis and adipogenesis was confirmed. Together, the synthesized RGO-IO nanocomposites provide surplus support for the use of nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

In this study, a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) decorated with monodisperse superparamagnetic Fe3O4 (RGO-IO) nanocomposite was successfully prepared and confirmed through various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The nanocomposite exhibited good dispersibility and homogenous composition, as well as excellent electrochemical performance. It showed low cytotoxicity and promoted cellular growth. Moreover, the nanocomposite induced the formation of muscle cells and adipocytes, and upregulated the expression of marker proteins. This study is of great significance for the application of nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.