Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Volume 65, Issue 6, Pages 4676-4686Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2015.2490101
Keywords
Eco-driving; hybrid electric vehicle (HEV); optimal control; pseudospectral method; pulse and glide (PnG)
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51205228, 51575293]
- Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program [2012THZ0]
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This paper studies the fuel-optimal cruising strategies of parallel hybrid electric vehicles ( HEVs) and their underlying mechanisms. To achieve fuel-optimal operations, a discontinuous nonlinear optimal control problem is formulated and solved using the Legendre pseudospectral method and the knotting technique. Three optimal cruising strategies in free/fixed-speed cruising scenarios are proposed: vehicle speed pulse-and-glide strategy, state-of-charge (SoC) pulse-and-glide (PnG) strategy, and constant-speed strategy. The performance and optimal behavior of the engine and the motor are presented, and their fuel-saving mechanisms are explained. Finally, two principles to compromise between fuel economy and ride comfort are proposed and studied.
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