Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212340
Keywords
cell polarity; gene expression; transcriptional regulation; Par complex; Scrib complex; Crumbs complex; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; asymmetric cell division
Funding
- Promoting Scientific Independence (PSI) Program of the Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SPP 1782]
- CECAD cluster of Excellence at the University of Cologne
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC) at the University of Cologne
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Cell polarity, essential for various cellular and tissue functions, is mainly controlled by protein complexes along the apical-basal axis. However, gene expression regulation plays a significant role in influencing cell polarity, which is often overlooked.
Cell polarity is essential for many functions of cells and tissues including the initial establishment and subsequent maintenance of epithelial tissues, asymmetric cell division, and morphogenetic movements. Cell polarity along the apical-basal axis is controlled by three protein complexes that interact with and co-regulate each other: The Par-, Crumbs-, and Scrib-complexes. The localization and activity of the components of these complexes is predominantly controlled by protein-protein interactions and protein phosphorylation status. Increasing evidence accumulates that, besides the regulation at the protein level, the precise expression control of polarity determinants contributes substantially to cell polarity regulation. Here we review how gene expression regulation influences processes that depend on the induction, maintenance, or abolishment of cell polarity with a special focus on epithelial to mesenchymal transition and asymmetric stem cell division. We conclude that gene expression control is an important and often neglected mechanism in the control of cell polarity.
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