4.7 Article

An Evolutionary Analysis of B-Box Transcription Factors in Strawberry Reveals the Role of FaBBx28c1 in the Regulation of Flowering Time

Journal

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111766

Keywords

strawberry; B-box protein; gene family; flowering time; gene expression profiling

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31872083]
  2. Chinese Scholarship Council [202006910086]

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This study identified BBX transcription factors in cultivated and wild strawberries, revealing the expansion of gene family is related to whole-genome or segmental duplication. Loss and acquisition events of FaBBX genes might affect agronomic traits, and some FaBBX genes showed changes in transcriptional activity in response to blue light treatment. FaBBX28c1, in particular, could play a crucial role in flowering time regulation in cultivated strawberry.
Flowering connects vegetative and generative developmental phases and plays a significant role in strawberry production. The mechanisms that regulate strawberry flowering time are unclear. B-box transcription factors (BBXs) play important roles in the flowering time regulation of plants. Nevertheless, BBXs in octoploid cultivated strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) and their functions in flowering time regulation have not been identified. Here, we identified 51 FaBBXs from cultivated strawberry and 16 FvBBXs from diploid wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca), which were classified into five groups according to phylogenetic analysis. Further evolutionary analysis showed that whole-genome duplication or segmental duplication is a crucial factor that leads to the expansion of the BBX gene family in two strawberry species. Moreover, some loss and acquisition events of FaBBX genes were identified in the genome of cultivated strawberry that could have affected traits of agronomic interest, such as fruit quality. The promoters of FaBBX genes showed an enrichment in light-responsive, cis-regulatory elements, with 16 of these genes showing changes in their transcriptional activity in response to blue light treatment. On the other hand, FaBBX28c1, whose transcriptional activity is reduced in response to blue light, showed a delay in flowering time in Arabidopsis transgenic lines, suggesting its role in the regulation of flowering time in cultivated strawberry. Our results provide new evolutionary insight into the BBX gene family in cultivated strawberry and clues regarding their function in flowering time regulation in plants.

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