Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212394
Keywords
hyperuricemia; atherosclerosis; inflammation; reactive oxygen species
Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI [JP21K16217, JP21K08480]
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Hyperuricemia is associated with numerous diseases such as gout, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Research has shown that intracellular uric acid production can lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species, which regulate intracellular signaling pathways and may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.
Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic syndrome. Elevated uric acid levels are risk factors for gout, hypertension, and chronic kidney diseases. Furthermore, various epidemiological studies have also demonstrated an association between cardiovascular risks and hyperuricemia. In hyperuricemia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced simultaneously with the formation of uric acid by xanthine oxidases. Intracellular uric acid has also been reported to promote the production of ROS. The ROS and the intracellular uric acid itself regulate several intracellular signaling pathways, and alterations in these pathways may result in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. In this review, we describe the effect of uric acid on various molecular signals and the potential mechanisms of atherosclerosis development in hyperuricemia. Furthermore, we discuss the efficacy of treatments for hyperuricemia to protect against the development of atherosclerosis.
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