Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jean-Francois Crepault, Tara Marie Watson, Carol Strike, Sarah Bonato, Jurgen Rehm
Summary: The concept of a 'public health approach' to substance use is frequently mentioned but inconsistently understood. This study aims to clarify the meaning and understanding of the term in the context of substance use by conducting a systematic search and thematic synthesis of relevant articles. The findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and possibly at conferences.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Katherine R. Sterba, Emily E. Johnson, Edie Douglas, Rubin Aujla, Lisa Boyars, Ryan Kruis, Rebecca Verdin, Rachel Grater, Kathryn King, Dee Ford, Constance Guille
Summary: The objective of this study was to characterize barriers and facilitators to implementing a mental health and substance use disorder telemedicine program in community obstetric and pediatric clinics. The lack of available services and the high demand for mental health and substance use disorder services were identified as the primary facilitators, while challenges such as staffing, space, and technology support were notable barriers. Good teamwork within the clinic and with the telemedicine team supported the successful implementation of the program.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
April Oh, Ali Abazeed, David A. Chambers
Summary: The implementation of health policies can have a significant impact on population health outcomes, but variations in implementation can limit effectiveness. Strengthening research in health policy implementation science can help reduce time lag, improve health equity, and build evidence for effective policy implementation.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Artur Galimov, Adam Leventhal, Leah Meza, Jennifer B. Unger, Jimi Huh, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Steven Y. Sussman
Summary: This study investigated the usage and flavor preferences of disposable pods among vape shop customers in California. Disposable pod users tended to be younger, prefer higher nicotine concentrations, mint and menthol flavors, use e-cigarettes as their first product, and had lower smoking and daily vaping rates compared to users of refillable pods and other e-cigarettes. Regulations targeting non-tobacco flavors and nicotine concentration in disposable pod devices may be effective in reducing vaping among young adults who have never smoked.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Madhur Verma, Kirtan Rana, Garima Bhatt, Nikita Sharma, Pranay Lal
Summary: This study examines trends in tobacco use initiation and factors associated with it using data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India. The results show that the average age of tobacco initiation varies across different demographic variables, and awareness of tobacco harms affects the likelihood of initiation.
Review
Substance Abuse
Jean-Francois Crepault, Cayley Russell, Tara Marie Watson, Carol Strike, Sarah Bonato, Juergen Rehm
Summary: This study reviewed the literature to understand the definition and description of a public health approach (PHA) to substance use. The results showed that the definition of a PHA varies depending on the substance and has evolved over time. Currently, there is substantial agreement on regulating alcohol, cannabis, illicit drugs, opioids, and tobacco. However, there are disagreements regarding the focus on individual-level factors. Policymakers, academics, and others involved in PHAs should explicitly state their aims and underlying assumptions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bohdan Nosyk, Amanda Slaunwhite, Karen Urbanoski, Natt Hongdilokkul, Heather Palis, Kurt Lock, Jeong E. Min, Bin Zhao, Kiffer G. Card, Brittany Barker, Louise Meilleur, Charlene Burmeister, Erica Thomson, Phoenix Beck-McGreevy, Bernie Pauly
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Risk Mitigation Guidance (RMG) by the BC government and involves participants with lived experience of drug use. The methods include population-level health data analysis and qualitative research, with high-dimensional propensity score matching and marginal structural modeling used to assess the impact of RMG dispensation.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alastair C. Lewis, Deborah Jenkins, Christopher J. M. Whitty
Summary: While dirty outdoor air gets more attention, understanding how pollutants form, accumulate, and affect our health indoors is equally important.
Article
Substance Abuse
Joseph R. Guydish, Elana R. Straus, Thao Le, Noah Gubner, Kevin L. Delucchi
Summary: The study found that the ban on flavoured tobacco products in San Francisco had no significant impact on smoking behavior, with many self-identified menthol smokers still purchasing menthol cigarettes. In populations where smoking rates remain high, such as those receiving SUD treatment, local bans on menthol may have limited effectiveness and broader bans on a regional, state, or national level may be necessary to show stronger effects on smoking behavior.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Svetlana Akselrod, Tea E. Collins, Daria Berlina, Amy Collins, Luke N. Allen
Summary: Since the original UN General Assembly 'special session' for HIV/AIDS, there have been numerous health-related high-level meetings (HLMs), including those for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and universal health coverage. This paper evaluates the impact of these meetings on funding allocations, domestic NCD policy implementation, and international engagement through analysis of attendance data and country delegation statements ('interventions'). Despite increased political exposure and commitments, especially for NCDs, this has not always translated into national policies or increased funding, even for countries deeply involved in HLMs. These findings suggest the need to focus on translating commitments into sustained funding and action.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sally Adams, Arturo Clavijo, Ricardo Tamayo, Olivia Maynard
Summary: This study aimed to explore the impact of new health warnings on Colombian smokers. Awareness of the new warnings was low, with some reduction in negative affect and improvement in cognitive elaboration and perceived severity of warnings.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jodi Wishnia, Jane Goudge
Summary: The South African health department attempted to strengthen public financial management by deploying finance managers to service delivery units, involving service delivery managers in finance meetings, and implementing touch-base meetings. However, collaboration issues and mistrust between departments were identified as obstacles to effective PFM.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dede Anwar Musadad, Tri Juni Angkasawati, Yuslely Usman, Matthew Kelly, Chalapati Rao
Summary: Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) systems are crucial for obtaining reliable data on births, deaths, and causes of death. However, the CRVS system in Indonesia currently faces challenges in producing accurate vital statistics for evidence-based health action. This study conducted a detailed assessment and gap analysis of the CRVS system and implemented revised death reporting procedures at the local level, demonstrating feasibility and sustainability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tuba Saygin Avsar, Louise Jackson, Hugh McLeod
Summary: Tobacco cessation during pregnancy is not considered a priority in LMICs despite international recognition of the issue. Factors such as country-specific prevalence of tobacco use during pregnancy, availability of healthcare resources, and characteristics of potential interventions all influence the use of health economics evidence for policy making in LMICs.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rebecca Bunnell, Juliet Ryan, Charlotte Kent
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity for a new strategic science agenda in public health, addressing gaps such as health equity science, data science, communication science, policy analysis, scientific collaboration, and climate science. Public health leadership and scientists have a unique opportunity to use strategic science to guide an era of improved and equitable public health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Erika L. Crable, Dea L. Biancarelli, Marisa Aurora, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Allan J. Walkey
Summary: Missed appointments are a persistent problem in healthcare, leading to negative outcomes. This study reviewed interventions to reduce missed appointments in safety net settings, finding that current strategies vary widely in effectiveness and no single intervention stands out as clearly superior. Further research on harmonizing intervention delivery and comparing strategies is needed.
JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Erika L. Crable, Thomas R. Blue, Michelle McKenzie, Josiah D. Rich, Michael S. Gordon
Summary: While there were no statistically significant differences in HIV treatment engagement, antiretroviral therapy prescription receipt, or adherence between the Project Bridge and treatment as usual groups, overall participants were more likely to receive HIV care, antiretroviral therapy prescription, and report adherence at each follow-up period. Future research is needed to explore less-intensive interventions targeting the unique needs of people living with HIV under community supervision.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Erika L. Crable, Timothy Feeney, Joshua Harvey, Valerie Grim, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Allan J. Walkey, Katrina Steiling, Frederick Thurston Drake
Summary: The study identified four types of interventions aimed at promoting guideline-concordant follow-up care for incidentalomas, with most management strategies targeting changes in radiologists' behavior. However, few studies address barriers to improving incidentaloma follow-up from interpretation to patient education and care delivery. Hybrid effectiveness-implementation studies are needed to better address workflow barriers and rigorously evaluate care delivery outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Kevin N. Griffith, Yevgeniy Feyman, Samantha G. Auty, Erika L. Crable, Timothy W. Levengood
Summary: The study revealed significant geographic variations in the distribution of prescription opioids in the United States, driven by differences in demographics, healthcare access, and healthcare supply. Results showed that an increase of one pill per capita was associated with a 0.20 increase in opioid-related deaths per 100,000 population. Early state Medicaid expansions were found to be associated with a reduction in opioid pill volume.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Letter
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Erika L. Crable, Timothy Feeney, Joshua Harvey, Valerie Grim, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Allan J. Walkey, Katrina Steiling, Frederick Thurston Drake
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Social Work
Thomas R. Blue, Michael S. Gordon, Erika L. Crable, Josiah D. Rich
Summary: The study aimed to compare the uptake of on-site rapid HIV testing and off-site referral-based HIV testing among criminal justice-involved persons on probation or parole. Long-term outcomes of individuals who declined HIV testing were examined, including HIV status and risk behaviors.
JOURNAL OF OFFENDER REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Erika L. Crable, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, David K. Jones, Alexander Y. Walley, Jacqueline Milton Hicks
Summary: This study examined the longitudinal treatment seeking behaviors of individuals with diagnosed SUDs and identified five distinct service use classes. The results indicated that being female and an older adult were predictors for receiving treatment services, while black patients had increased odds for substance use service and primary care service statuses over time. The use of LCA and LTA methods proved beneficial in identifying profiles of patients at higher risk for health services disengagement.
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Clare E. Ronan, Erika L. Crable, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Allan J. Walkey
Summary: This study found that CDSS did not significantly increase clinician adoption of desired practices from 2000-2021, but CDSS studies from 2016-2021 were associated with an increase in targeted practices compared to earlier years. The meta-analysis did not show an overall positive impact of CDSS on clinician behavior in the inpatient setting.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Erika L. Crable, Rebecca Lengnick-Hall, Nicole A. Stadnick, Joanna C. Moullin, Gregory A. Aarons
Summary: This study emphasizes the importance of studying the role of health policy in implementation science and suggests six recommendations to optimize existing theoretical models. It highlights the need for researchers to investigate the multifaceted roles policy can play in dissemination and implementation efforts.
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kathryn L. Fantasia, Mary-Catherine Stockman, Zhihui Ju, Paola Ortega, Erika L. Crable, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Allan J. Walkey, Megan Bergstrom, Katelyn O'Brien, Devin Steenkamp
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and clinical outcomes of CGM-enhanced eConsult for patients with type 2 diabetes managed by primary care clinical pharmacists, compared to routine in-person endocrinology consultation. Results showed that CGM-enhanced eConsult provided more timely access to endocrinology expertise, was acceptable to patients, and yielded similar short-term glycemic outcomes. Further exploration of the effectiveness of CGM-enhanced eConsults is warranted.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin N. Griffith, Yevgeniy Feyman, Samantha G. Auty, Erika L. Crable, Timothy W. Levengood
Summary: This dataset combines various U.S. federal data resources from 2006 to 2013, providing county-level variables for opioid pill volumes, demographics, healthcare demand, infrastructure, and supply of healthcare providers. The data is intended to assist researchers in predicting factors related to opioid pill volume and its association with opioid-related mortality. It is believed that this dataset can be leveraged by scholars, policymakers, and data journalists interested in studying the opioid epidemic.
Article
Substance Abuse
Bradley M. Buchheit, Erika L. Crable, Sarah K. Lipson, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Alexander Y. Walley
Summary: Research conducted qualitative interviews to explore the experiences and perceptions of public safety personnel after the installation of an anti-motion alarm system in public restrooms. The study found that most participants believe responding to opioid overdoses is their responsibility, and see the anti-motion alarm system as an effective tool for prevention, though they also express concerns about potential unintended consequences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2021)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Tonya B. Van Deinse, Erika L. Crable, Charlotte Dunn, Jessamyn Weis, Gary Cuddeback
Summary: The study found that implementing specialized mental health probation caseloads requires attention to reducing caseload sizes, officers' ability to build rapport and individualize probation, offering regular specialized training, conducting regular case discussions and consultations, and fostering communication and collaboration with community-based providers.
ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Nicholas A. Bosch, Erika L. Crable, Kimberly A. Ackerbauer, Kristopher Clark, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Valerie Grim, Michael H. Ieong, Allan J. Walkey, Jaime Murphy
Summary: Clinicians found that the phenobarbital-based pathway was more efficient and simpler to use compared to benzodiazepine-based pathway for treating severe AWS. Patient mechanical ventilation rates were noninferior after implementation of the phenobarbital-based pathway, with decreased physical restraint use and shorter hospital length of stay.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2021)