Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Oscar Gutierrez, Manuel Prieto, Alvaro Perales-Eceiza, Ali Ravanbakhsh, Mario Basile, David Guzman
Summary: This article analyzes radiation data from Low Earth Orbit missions and evaluates the potential of using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) devices in space missions. The results show that COTS technology can provide cost-effective and reliable solutions for space applications.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zhen Liu, Bo Li, Jiale Quan, Jiajun Luo
Summary: This paper presents a mixed-signal spiking neural network (SNN) chip and investigates its radiation effect-Total Ionizing Dose (TID). The experimental results show that the average spike frequency and amplitude of the output signal decrease after irradiation due to the leakage current caused by charge trapped in the buried oxide. Sensitive nodes are identified by analyzing the critical path of the circuit, and a radiation-hardening neuron circuit design guidance is proposed. The proposed circuit exhibits good robustness with firing frequency variation.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chioma Sylvia Okoro
Summary: This study systematically analyzed and visualized the trends in facilities management sustainability research over the past decade. The findings revealed four core research areas, including planning and implementation, community-oriented smart facilities management, innovativeness, and environmental and corporate energy management, which were mainly concentrated in the United Kingdom. The study also identified future research directions and collaborative opportunities.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Omer Yusuf Muhikanci, Kemal Ozanoglu, Engin Afacan, Mustafa Berke Yelten, Gunhan Dundar
Summary: Due to increased interest in space applications, radiation-aware circuit design is crucial for the safe operation of electronic systems in extreme space conditions. We have developed RadiSPICE, a well-equipped and free-to-access simulation tool that integrates with SPICE and enables statistical radiation simulations, extended temperature analysis, and sensitivity analysis. Using RadiSPICE, one can predict the functional behavior of circuits after radiation effects and obtain valuable design insights for making circuits radiation-hardened.
INTEGRATION-THE VLSI JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Y. Karakirova, R. Mladenova
Summary: This study investigates the use of mixed materials consisting of sucrose and ascorbic acid, sucrose and cysteine, and sucrose and diphenylamine as dosimeters. The results show that although these mixed materials have lower sensitivity, they can still be used for dosimetric purposes.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Eduardo Weber Wachter, Server Kasap, Sefki Kolozali, Xiaojun Zhai, Shoaib Ehsan, Klaus D. McDonald-Maier
Summary: This paper investigates the use of machine learning algorithms on consumer electronic level Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) to tackle Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effects in radiation environments. Experimental results show a significant relationship between gamma radiation exposure levels and board measurements, and the One-Class SVM with Radial Basis Function Kernel performs well in anomaly detection.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda Burg Rech, Angela Kinoshita, Paulo Marcos Donate, Otaciro Rangel Nascimento, Oswaldo Baffa
Summary: The study of new materials for radiation dosimetry is crucial for improving technology and measuring accidental radiation exposure. Sulfites, widely used in the food industry, show potential as fortuitous radiation detectors. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy enables the measurement of dose-response behavior and signal stability in sulfite compounds.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Abhishek Ray, Alok Naugarhiya, Guru Prasad Mishra
Summary: This paper analyzes the effect of total ionizing dose on a linear gate workfunction modulated SOI P-FinFET and compares it with the bulk P-FinFET. The technique improves the device's electrostatic integrity for pre and post radiation conditions. Both the bulk and proposed devices show a decade improvement in IOFF. Moreover, the SOI devices exhibit 35% and 29% less subthreshold swing for pre-rad condition. After irradiation, trap charges accumulate in oxide and semiconductor/insulator interfaces, resulting in a more negative threshold voltage. The linear gate workfunction modulation increases the Vth for both devices. At a high radiation dose of 2000 krad, the proposed SOI device shows a 39% higher threshold voltage compared to the LGWM bulk P-FinFET. The maximum Vth shift is observed in the single workfunction bulk P-FinFET. Based on the simulation results, the proposed SOI P-FinFET is proven to be better TID tolerant and reliable.
MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yongguang Xiao, Xianghua Da, Haize Cao, Ke Xiong, Gang Li, Minghua Tang
Summary: A theoretical model was established to simulate the ionizing radiation effects on NCFETs with an MFIS structure. The effects of TID and dose rate on the surface potential, ferroelectric capacitance, voltage amplification factor, and transfer characteristics of NCFETs were investigated based on the model. The simulation results showed that the increase in total dose shifted the curves of surface potential and driving current significantly to the left, resulting in a leftward shift of the voltage amplification point. Meanwhile, the increase in dose rate slightly decreased the amplitude of both the surface potential and driving current. Additionally, the derived result indicated that a relatively thin ferroelectric thickness can effectively reduce the effect of TID.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jasmine Duchaine, Mathilde Wahl, Daniel Markel, Hugo Bouchard
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of uncertain beam modeling on Monte Carlo evaluated dosimetric functions and treatment plans. The results show that beam modeling uncertainty has a significant impact on output factors and treatment plans, while the impact on percent-depth doses is relatively small. These findings are of great importance for the accuracy of clinical dose calculations.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jasmine Duchaine, Daniel Markel, Hugo Bouchard
Summary: This study proposes a new method for determining the energy and spot size of the electron beam incident on a linear accelerator using a maximum likelihood estimation. The accuracy of the method is validated by comparing simulated results with experimental measurements. This method is of great significance in the Monte Carlo modeling of radiotherapy units.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Laura Basirico, Ilaria Fratelli, Matteo Verdi, Andrea Ciavatti, Luisa Barba, Olivia Cesarini, Giorgio Bais, Maurizio Polentarutti, Massimo Chiari, Beatrice Fraboni
Summary: This study presents a flexible proton beam detector based on mixed 3D-2D perovskite films deposited onto thin plastic foils. The detector exhibits excellent flexibility and stable electric transport properties. It demonstrates a stable response to proton irradiation, with high sensitivity and low detection limit.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Manuela Frank, Theresa Urban, Konstantin Willer, Wolfgang Noichl, Fabio De Marco, Rafael Schick, Bernhard Gleich, Alexander Schegerer, Ursula Lechel, Pascal Meyer, Juergen Mohr, Thomas Koehler, Andre Yaroshenko, Ingo Maack, Thomas Pralow, Roland Proksa, Bernhard Renger, Peter Noel, Alexander Fingerle, Daniela Pfeiffer, Ernst Rummeny, Julia Herzen, Franz Pfeiffer
Summary: The study evaluated the dose characteristics for patient examinations at the first clinical X-ray dark-field chest radiography system and found that the effective patient dose is within a clinically acceptable range. The results showed that the effective dose for examined patients is similar to standard dose values for chest radiography.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel Soderstrom, Lucas Matana Luza, Heikki Kettunen, Arto Javanainen, Wilfrid Farabolini, Antonio Gilardi, Andrea Coronetti, Christian Poivey, Luigi Dilillo
Summary: This study explores the impact of energetic electrons on synchronous dynamic random access memories, finding that single-electron events can cause stuck bits, a phenomenon reported for the first time in literature. Analysis suggests that single-event bit flips and stuck bits result from large displacement damage clusters, representing varying degrees of damage to memory cells. Furthermore, a rapid increase in error rate post high particle fluence is attributed to the accumulation of smaller displacement damage clusters.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Michael Oertel, Dominik Hering, Christian Baues, Christopher Kittel, Michael Fuchs, Jan Kriz, Kai Kroeger, Dirk Vordermark, Klaus Herfarth, Rita Engenhart-Cabillic, Peter Lukas, Uwe Haverkamp, Peter Borchmann, Hans Theodor Eich
Summary: The omission of radiotherapy (RT) for patients with early-stage unfavorable Hodgkin lymphoma being PET-negative after 2 cycles of BEACOPP escalated plus 2 cycles of ABVD has been established. However, these patients show heterogeneity, so a dosimetric analysis was performed to evaluate individualized RT based on GHSG risk factors.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Vasileios Vlagkoulis, Aitzan Sari, Georgios Antonopoulos, Mihalis Psarakis, Antonios Tavoularis, Gianluca Furano, Cesar Boatella-Polo, Christian Poivey, Veronique Ferlet-Cavrois, Maria Kastriotou, Pablo Fernandez Martinez, Ruben Garcia Alia
Summary: This article proposed a novel configuration memory scrubbing approach for SRAM-based FPGA devices, which combines embedded ECC logic with interframe interleaved parity code to build a mixed 2-D coding technique. The technique significantly improves multiple-bit error correction capabilities while maintaining low error correction latency and hardware cost.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
David Lucsanyi, Ruben Garcia Alia, Kacper Bilko, Matteo Cecchetto, Salvatore Fiore, Elisa Pirovano
Summary: A single-event effect (SEE) simulation toolkit has been developed at CERN and released as an open-source code for the radiation effects community. It has been validated by comparing the simulated energy deposition of inelastic interactions caused by monoenergetic neutrons in the 1.2-17 MeV energy range to the distribution measured experimentally by a silicon diode detector.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
C. Martinella, P. Natzke, R. G. Alia, Y. Kadi, K. Niskanen, M. Rossi, J. Jaatinen, H. Kettunen, A. Tsibizov, U. Grossner, A. Javanainen
Summary: Commercial SiC power MOSFETs exposed to heavy ions exhibit two types of latent damage: one involving the gate oxide and the other attributed to alterations of the SiC crystal lattice. Analysis using FIB and SEM techniques was used to investigate the damage site.
MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lucas Matana Luza, Daniel Soderstrom, Helmut Puchner, Ruben Garcia Alia, Manon Letiche, Carlo Cazzaniga, Alberto Bosio, Luigi Dilillo
Summary: The study investigated the response of a self-refresh DRAM under neutron irradiation, identifying permanent and temporary stuck cells, single-bit upsets, and block errors. Different patterns of block errors were discovered, with up to two thousand faulty words per event. The damaged cells showed recovery behavior after postirradiation high-temperature annealing procedures.
MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
C. Ahdida, D. Bozzato, D. Calzolari, F. Cerutti, N. Charitonidis, A. Cimmino, A. Coronetti, G. L. D'Alessandro, A. Donadon Servelle, L. S. Esposito, R. Froeschl, R. Garcia Alia, A. Gerbershagen, S. Gilardoni, D. Horvath, G. Hugo, A. Infantino, V. Kouskoura, A. Lechner, B. Lefebvre, G. Lerner, M. Magistris, A. Manousos, G. Moryc, F. Ogallar Ruiz, F. Pozzi, D. Prelipcean, S. Roesler, R. Rossi, M. Sabate Gilarte, F. Salvat Pujol, P. Schoofs, V. Stransky, C. Theis, A. Tsinganis, R. Versaci, V. Vlachoudis, A. Waets, M. Widorski
Summary: This article introduces the new features and licensing conditions of FLUKA code under the FLUKA.CERN collaboration, as well as its applications in various fields. The article also outlines the long-term goals and plans of the FLUKA.CERN collaboration project.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alessandro Zimmaro, Rudy Ferraro, Jerome Boch, Frederic Saigne, Ruben Garcia Alia, Matteo Brucoli, Alessandro Masi, Salvatore Danzeca
Summary: This paper presents a methodology for the design and validation of a radiation monitoring system for electronic systems in particle accelerators. The methodology expands the traditional radiation hardness assurance procedure and demonstrates its effectiveness through a case study.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Giuseppe Lerner, Andrea Coronetti, Jean Mael Kempf, Ruben Garcia Alia, Francesco Cerutti, Daniel Prelipcean, Matteo Cecchetto, Antonio Gilardi, Wilfrid Farabolini, Roberto Corsini
Summary: This study investigates the radiation environment near the terahertz dump of the CERN CLEAR electron accelerator using FLUKA simulations and single-event upset measurements. The focus is on characterizing the neutron field and evaluating its suitability for radiation tests of electronics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pedro Martin-Holgado, Amor Romero-Maestre, Jose de-Martin-Hernandez, Jose J. Gonzalez-Lujan, Ivan Illera-Gomez, Yolanda Jimenez-de-Luna, Fernando Morilla, Mario Sacristan Barbero, Ruben Garcia Alia, Manuel Dominguez, Yolanda Morilla
Summary: This article explores methods for assessing risks in radiation environments. Despite the significant variability in technology and different test conditions, valuable information can be extracted from archival data. The article introduces a new radiation database, statistical approaches, and presents an analysis of three families of bipolar transistors with results that align with external reports.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel Prelipcean, Giuseppe Lerner, Ruben Garcia Alia, Kacper Bilko, Angelo Infantino, Diego Di Francesca, Julia Trummer, Daniel Ricci, Matteo Brucoli, Salvatore Danzeca
Summary: This study compares the performance of various radiation monitors used at CERN for radiation to electronics applications with the simulated values obtained from FLUKA Monte Carlo at the CHARM mixed-field irradiation facility, based on the data recorded between 2015 and 2018.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Antonio Scialdone, Rudy Ferraro, Ruben Garcia Alia, Luca Sterpone, Salvatore Danzeca, Alessandro Masi
Summary: This study presents an alternative approach based on benchmark circuits to evaluate the failure rate of FPGAs under radiation. The proposed methodology allows standardized application-level testing and facilitates comparison between different FPGAs. The response of several FPGA models to high-energy protons and thermal neutrons, as well as their performance in terms of total ionizing dose effects, were evaluated.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. Ferrari, D. Senajova, O. Aberle, Y. Q. Aguiar, D. Baillard, M. Barbagallo, A. -p. Bernardes, L. Buonocore, M. Cecchetto, V. Clerc, M. Di Castro, R. Garcia Alia, S. Girod, J. -l. Grenard, K. Kershaw, G. Lerner, M. M. Maeder, A. Makovec, A. Mengoni, M. Perez Ornedo, F. Pozzi, C. V. Almagro, M. Calviani
Summary: A new irradiation station has been commissioned at CERN, which allows radiation damage studies to be performed in conditions closer to those encountered during the operation of particle accelerators. The station provides neutron-dominated doses in the MGy range per year and has been carefully developed to ensure safety and minimize impact on other experiments.
PHYSICAL REVIEW ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Frederic Wrobel, Ygor Aguiar, Cleiton Marques, Giuseppe Lerner, Ruben Garcia Alia, Frederic Saigne, Jerome Boch
Summary: In this study, an analytical model for predicting the soft error rate (SER) is proposed. The model separates the radiation-matter interaction from the geometry considerations, allowing the SER to be expressed as the sum of two contributions that can be calculated for any threshold linear energy transfer and any sensitive volume size. The proposed approach is validated by comparing it to Monte Carlo simulations, with good agreement despite approximations. Furthermore, the study shows that the contribution of neutrons in the 1-10 MeV energy range to the SER is expected to decrease for future down-sized technologies.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pablo Fernandez-Martinez, Athina Papadopoulou, Salvatore Danzeca, Gilles Foucard, Ruben Garcia Alia, Maria Kastriotou, Carlo Cazzaniga, Giorgos Tsiligiannis, Remi Gaillard
Summary: This study compares the susceptibility to Single Event Effects (SEE) of different commercial power MOSFET references under various energy and particle irradiation conditions through irradiation tests.
2020 20TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS (RADECS 2020)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrea Coronetti, Florent Manni, Julien Mekki, David Dangla, Cedric Virmontois, Nourdine Kerboub, Ruben Garcia Alia
Summary: This paper discusses the radiation qualification of a complex space system made out of multiple commercial electronic components and modules, and explores the features of system-level test methodologies and the application of mixed-field characterization data.
2019 19TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS (RADECS)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Vasileios Vlagkoulis, Aitzan Sari, Juljan Proko, Dimitrios Zografakis, Mihalis Psarakis, Antonios Tavoularis, Gianluca Furano, Cesar Boatella-Polo, Christian Poivey, Veronique Ferlet-Cavrois, Maria Kastriotou, Pablo Fernandez Martinez, Ruben Garcia Alia
Summary: This paper presents a configuration memory scrubbing approach for the Xilinx Zynq-7000 devices. The approach combines the embedded Error Correction Code and an interframe parity scheme to detect and correct errors in the configuration memory. This methodology achieved 100% error correction coverage under heavy ion irradiation.
2019 19TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS (RADECS)
(2022)
