Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongliang Sun, Dongdong Feng, Shaozeng Sun, Qingyu Wei, Yijun Zhao, Yu Zhang, Min Xie, Yukun Qin
Summary: The combination of steam and biochar can effectively remove tar in a short period of time, but the addition of steam reduces the combustion reactivity of biochar, increases aromatization, and decreases O-containing structures. Furthermore, steam can reduce the aliphatics content in tar while increasing the O-containing aromatics content. Additionally, the introduction of steam leads to a decrease in CH4 yield and an increase in H-2 yield, with changes in the H/C and O/C atomic ratios of the gas composition.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongliang Sun, Dongdong Feng, Yu Zhang, Shaozeng Sun, Yijun Zhao, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the regeneration of catalytic activity of biochar through partial oxidation for biomass tar reforming. The results demonstrate that oxidative regeneration effectively recovers the catalytic activity of biochar and promotes the production of methane and hydrogen. The regenerated biochar exhibits increased external surface area, microporous area, and abundance of oxygen-containing structures, compared to the deactivated biochar. The optimal regeneration condition for deactivated biochar is found to be 9 minutes with 0.4% oxygen concentration.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongliang Sun, Dongdong Feng, Yijun Zhao, Shaozeng Sun
Summary: The role of partial oxidation in regulating the catalytic efficiency of biochar in tar reforming was investigated. It was found that increasing the oxygen concentration effectively inhibits coke deposition and maintains the catalytic efficiency of biochar. However, excessive oxygen concentration weakens the tar conversion capacity of biochar.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hongliang Sun, Dongdong Feng, Yu Zhang, Shaozeng Sun, Yijun Zhao, Feng Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the coke accumulation characteristics in catalytic tar reforming using different K and Ca-loaded biochar catalysts. The results indicate that K-loaded biochar exhibits a higher tar conversion capacity, while H-form biochar has a lower tar removal efficiency. The loading of K/Ca affects the growth structure of the coke, with K-loaded biochar retaining a higher micropore area and experiencing a smaller increase in average pore size. Furthermore, the loading of K promotes the dehydrogenation of tar components, while only K catalyzes the deoxygenation of tar components. These findings are important for improving the efficiency and selectivity of tar reforming.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sweta Singh, Soubhik Kumar Bhaumik, Li Dong, Hari Vuthaluru
Summary: The integration of adsorption treatment in steam catalytic tar reforming using biochar significantly improves the removal of tar components, especially at low temperatures. The two-step process shows substantial removal of light tar compounds, with reforming contributing 40% and adsorption contributing 60% to the overall tar removal.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sweta Singh, Soubhik Kumar Bhaumik, Li Dong, Chun-Zhu Li, Hari Vuthaluru
Summary: The two-step process of tar removal results in a significant decrease in tar content, with approximately 60% of tar being removed in the reforming step and about 40% remaining in the adsorption step. Raman spectroscopy indicates a growing predominance of higher aromatics in the catalyst and lower aromatics in the adsorbent. The BET results show a significant decrease in porosity of the biochar, suggesting coverage of pore surface by adsorbing species.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Francesco Parrillo, Carmine Boccia, Giovanna Ruoppolo, Mario Commodo, Franco Berruti, Umberto Arena
Summary: This study investigates the effect of temperature and steam concentration on water-gas and reforming reactions for tar cleaning in syngas production. Two catalysts were used and the Fe/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst showed better performance. The nature of coke layers deposited on the catalyst surface was examined using microscopy and spectroscopy techniques.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yunlong Tian, Xiaoqian Ma, Xinfei Chen
Summary: This study improved the resistance of Ni/La2O3 @SiO2 catalyst to coke accumulation by modifying it with cobalt doping, resulting in higher carbon and hydrogen conversion rates during tar reforming. Additionally, introducing air to oxidize deposited coke prolonged the catalytic activity of the catalyst from 5 hours to 10 hours.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ruifan Tan, Ping Wang, Luyao Guo, Zupeng Chen, Ronghe Lin, Xiaoling Mou, Yunjie Ding
Summary: The shape of the carriers plays a significant role in the catalytic performance of metal-supported catalysts. This study investigates the impact of different shapes of ZrO2 (nanorods-like, spherical, and irregular nanoparticles) on the catalytic performance in methane dry reforming by dispersing Ni species. Various characterization techniques are used to analyze the fresh and spent catalysts. The reducibility of NiO species is found to follow the order of Ni/RZ.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yunlong Tian, Xiaoqian Ma, Xinfei Chen, Chaoyue Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effect of Ni-Co bimetallic synergy on the corrosion resistance of filamentous coke in CO2 reforming of tar. The Ni8Co@SiO2 catalyst showed efficient and stable catalytic performance with excellent resistance to coke deposition.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinfei Chen, Xiaoqian Ma, Xiaowei Peng
Summary: This study investigates the effect of reforming agent on filamentous coke deposition during the reforming of non-oxygenates tar using Ni/bio-char catalyst. It is found that the addition of steam in the reforming agent can improve the conversion of non-oxygenates tar and inhibit the formation of filamentous coke.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Amira Neni, Yacine Benguerba, Marco Balsamo, Alessandro Erto, Barbara Ernst, Djafer Benachour
Summary: The study focuses on Sorption-Enhanced Methane Steam Reforming (SE-MSR) process, highlighting the importance of temperature as a key parameter and the impact of exothermic carbonation reaction on the thermal regimes and performance of catalyst. Optimal operating conditions of both catalyst and adsorbent are crucial for maximizing hydrogen production and reducing CO2-related coke deposition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lifei Wei, Rui Han, Shuang Xing, Yang Wang, Zhiyong Li, Qingling Liu
Summary: Calcium-looping dry reforming of methane (CaLDRM) implemented on Ni-CaO dual-functional materials (DFMs) is a promising solution to achieve integrated CO2 capture and conversion. In this study, the partial oxidation of methane (POM) reaction was introduced into the CaLDRM process to form a novel CaLODRM process, and the effects of different POM to DRM ratios were investigated. The results showed that the introduction of POM improved the resistance to coke deposition and allowed the molar ratio of H2/CO in the product to be freely regulated. Therefore, combining POM with CaLDRM is beneficial for producing syngas that meets different industrial needs and has good prospects for industrial applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haiyang Xu, Zhangfeng Shen, Siqian Zhang, Gang Chen, Hu Pan, Zhigang Ge, Zheng Zheng, Yanqin Wang, Yangang Wang, Xi Li
Summary: Steam reforming is an effective method for eliminating biomass tar and producing H-2-rich syngas. However, traditional Ni-based catalysts can easily deactivate due to mass transfer issues and catalyst bed clogging. A new approach using wood carbon (WC) with low-tortuosity microchannels and carbon-coated mesoporous nickel-silica nanocomposite (Ni-SiO2@C) has been developed for toluene steam reforming, resulting in improved mass transfer, coke resistance, and hydrothermal stability. The Ni-15SiO(2)@C/WC catalyst showed stable toluene conversion rates over 97% and H-2 yields of 135 mu mol/min at 600 degrees C, demonstrating high performance in tar reforming.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lei He, Mingrun Li, Wen-Cui Li, Wei Xu, Yang Wang, Yan-Bo Wang, Wenjie Shen, An-Hui Lu
Summary: This study presents a unique catalyst configuration where Ni particles are confined by a MEO layer, enabling stable operation at high temperatures and prolonging catalyst lifetime with nearly coke-free operation. The high-entropy design and stabilization effect of this catalyst offer a facile strategy for fabricating active and robust metal catalysts for challenging reactions over a wide range of temperatures.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wenda Zhang, Yuankai Wang, Mengshi Chen, Yijun Zhao, Shaozeng Sun, Dongdong Feng
Summary: The study found that under pressurized conditions, the reduction characteristics of NO are affected by pyrolysis pressure, temperature, and residence time, with increasing these conditions inhibiting the characteristics of Char-NO, and the reduction rate of NO gradually increasing with higher environmental pressure.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Yu Zhang, Shizhang Wang, Dongdong Feng, Jianmin Gao, Linhan Dong, Yijun Zhao, Shaozeng Sun, Yudong Huang, Yukun Qin
Summary: This article reviews the existing post-combustion CO2 capture solutions, with a focus on liquid-phase and solid-phase CO2 capture technologies. The author proposes the concept of biochar-functionalized crosslinking synergistic ammonia CO2 capture technology, which has practical significance for the utilization of biomass waste and reduction of CO2 emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lihua Deng, Wenda Zhang, Shaozeng Sun, Chenxi Bai, Yijun Zhao, Dongdong Feng, Linyao Zhang, Jiangquan Wu
Summary: The study focused on the application of pressurized O2/H2O combustion technology in coal-fired power generation, analyzing the thermal conversion characteristics of coal under different conditions and the relationship between char structure and reactivity.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yukai Li, Dongdong Feng, Shaozeng Sun, Yijun Zhao, Qi Shang, Kun Chen, Bowen Li, Jiangquan Wu
Summary: Reburning technology combining coal and biomass can effectively reduce NOx emissions and promote carbon neutrality in coal-fired systems. The study found that syngas has a significantly better activating effect on char compared to biochar, enhancing its reactivity and reducing ability of NO.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kun Chen, Chenxi Bai, Yijun Zhao, Wenda Zhang, Shaozeng Sun, Dongdong Feng, Yukun Qin
Summary: The effects of reaction conditions on temperature, reaction rate, and component concentration distributions in char are studied. It is found that the char surface temperature is higher than the center temperature in the heating stage, but this reverses after the heating stage. The concentrations of H2O and O-2 in char are higher on the surface than in the center, while CO2 is uniformly distributed.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongliang Sun, Dongdong Feng, Yu Zhang, Shaozeng Sun, Yijun Zhao, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the regeneration of catalytic activity of biochar through partial oxidation for biomass tar reforming. The results demonstrate that oxidative regeneration effectively recovers the catalytic activity of biochar and promotes the production of methane and hydrogen. The regenerated biochar exhibits increased external surface area, microporous area, and abundance of oxygen-containing structures, compared to the deactivated biochar. The optimal regeneration condition for deactivated biochar is found to be 9 minutes with 0.4% oxygen concentration.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guilian Wu, Linyao Zhang, Tingting Lin, Chen Hao, Wenlong Li, Shaofang Wang, Yan Jun, Conghao Liu
Summary: In order to improve the accuracy of rural energy demand prediction, it is necessary to establish a simulation calculation model that is more in line with the actual rural energy endowment and development needs. Through the prediction and analysis of rural energy demand in the context of energy transition, the total rural energy demand can be predicted. The research shows that rural energy demand is influenced by multiple factors, and the traditional single model contains limited information, resulting in a large deviation between the prediction results and the actual situation, thus reducing the prediction accuracy.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yinan Shu, Linyao Zhang, Dihua Wu, Xiye Chen, Shaozeng Sun, Donald G. Truhlar
Summary: It is recommended to use the fully adiabatic basis for trajectory surface hopping (TSH) calculations, where the Hamiltonian is diagonal. Traditional TSH methods for simulating intersystem crossing processes require explicit computation of nonadiabatic coupling vectors (NACs) in the molecular-Coulomb-Hamiltonian (MCH) basis, in order to compute the gradient in the fully adiabatic basis. However, this explicit requirement hinders the advantages of overlap-based and curvature-driven algorithms used for efficient TSH calculations. A new computation scheme called the time-derivative-matrix scheme is proposed to circumvent the need for NACs.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaorui Zhao, Yinan Shu, Linyao Zhang, Xuefei Xu, Donald G. Truhlar
Summary: Mixed quantum-classical nonadiabatic dynamics is widely used for simulating molecular dynamics involving multiple electronic states. Trajectory surface hopping (TSH) and self-consistent potential (SCP) methods are the two main categories of such dynamics algorithms. This work illustrates an example of severe population leaking in TSH, which is caused by frustrated hops and long-time simulations driving the excited-state population towards zero over time. The leaking can be partially alleviated by the fewest switches with time uncertainty (TSH) algorithm, but not completely eliminated.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zixin Jiao, Penghua Qiu, Xiye Chen, Li Liu, Linyao Zhang, Chang Xing
Summary: The influence of volatiles-char interaction and volatile substances-char interaction on the co-pyrolysis of coal and corn stover was studied. It was found that volatiles-char interaction suppressed the progression of specific surface area and pore structures of char, while active alkali and alkaline earth metals in corn stover alleviated the unfavorable effects of volatiles. Volatiles could react with char through small aromatic ring structures and oxygen-containing groups, and the presence of volatile active alkali and alkaline earth metals inhibited their depletion.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Menglong Bai, Linyao Zhang, Yijun Zhao, Shaozeng Sun, Shangbin Du, Penghua Qiu, Wenda Zhang, Dongdong Feng
Summary: In this study, a particle deposition model based on critical viscosity was used to predict the deposition and rebound of particles on the furnace wall. The results showed that controlling the particle size of fly ash particles within 60 μm can effectively reduce the generation of secondary MSWI fly ash and lower post-treatment costs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Li Liu, Chang Xing, Ran Ye, Jiacheng Chen, Wentao Yang, Aihan Li, Linyao Zhang, Xiye Chen, Penghua Qiu
Summary: In this research, a 15 kW pressurized burner fueled by diesel was proposed to investigate the circumferential diffusion characteristics of fuel vapor and combustion performance. Combustion experiments and cool-state numerical simulations were conducted at different pressures and thermal loads. The ratio of aerodynamic to buoyancy forces and the circumferential diffusion uniformity of fuel vapor were analyzed through pollutant emissions, fuel vapor concentration distribution, and velocity field. The results showed that the burner had a relatively low aerodynamic to buoyancy force ratio at a thermal load of 3.55 kW, and the increase in pressure had a more significant effect on the buoyancy force, leading to a decrease in circumferential fuel vapor distribution uniformity. At a thermal load of 10.64 kW, undesired circumferential diffusion uniformity of fuel vapor was only observed at 0.3 MPa. For a thermal load of 15.37 kW, the fuel vapor exhibited a high circumferential diffusion uniformity at each pressure. A recommended aerodynamic to buoyancy force ratio of 89-278 and circumferential diffusion uniformity of 0-3.6% were suggested for diesel vapor circumferential diffusion and pollutant emissions, with a relatively lower effect of the buoyancy force.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Xing, Xiye Chen, Penghua Qiu, Li Liu, Xin Yu, Yijun Zhao, Linyao Zhang, Jian Liu, Qiming Hu
Summary: This research proposes a prototype of an H-class gas turbine combustor that utilizes micro-mixing combustion technology. The study investigates the effects of fuel temperature on the combustion performance of both pure H-2 and a blend of 50% H2 and 50% CO. The results demonstrate that the micro-mixing combustor prototype exhibits great fuel flexibility and achieves low NO emissions, high combustion efficiency, and high pressure recovery for both fuels.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zixin Jiao, Xiye Chen, Yan Zhao, Li Liu, Chang Xing, Linyao Zhang, Penghua Qiu
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of active alkali and alkaline earth metals on the co-gasification process. The results show that active alkali and alkaline earth metals promote the increase of char content during pyrolysis, but catalyze the reaction of char, resulting in a reduction of char content during gasification.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2022)
Correction
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Liu, Juntong Dong, Xiaodan Li, Teng Xu, Zhenguo Li, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Mubasher Ikram, Shihai Zhang, Chao Jin, Zhenlong Geng, Tianyun Sun, Haifeng Liu
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Seba Alareeqi, Daniel Bahamon, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou, Lourdes F. Vega
Summary: This study explores the potential application of single-atom-alloy (SAA) catalysts in bio-oils hydrodeoxygenation refining using density functional theory (DFT) and microkinetic modeling. It establishes the relationships between stability, adsorptive properties, and activity structures for bio-oil derivatives, providing guidance for the synthesis of cost-effective SAA combinations.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bin Hu, Wen -Ming Zhang, Xue-Wen Guo, Ji Liu, Xiao Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: This study explored the pyrolysis behaviors and mechanisms of different monosaccharides, including arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. The roles of structural differences in these monosaccharides were analyzed, and it was found that glucuronic acid undergoes a special C-C bond breaking reaction during pyrolysis. The findings provide a deep understanding of the pyrolysis chemistry of hemicellulose and the role of different branches.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Youwei Zhi, Donghai Xu, Guanyu Jiang, Wanpeng Yang, Zhilin Chen, Peigao Duan, Jie Zhang
Summary: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an effective method for the harmless disposal of municipal sludge (MS) and offers potential applications for the obtained products. Optimizing reaction conditions, coupling with other waste materials, and combining different processes can improve the performance of HTC. Furthermore, HTC contributes to energy recovery and enhances the quality of life cycle assessment.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Wang, Jianchun Jiang, Dongxian Li, Xianzhi Meng, Arthur J. Ragauskas
Summary: This study presents a scalable process for converting holocellulose and cellulosic wastes into advanced oxygen-containing biofuels with high furan, cyclic ketone, and ethanol content. By combining hydropyrolysis and vapor-phase hydrodeoxygenation using Pd/Al2O3 as a catalyst, the researchers achieved high yields and conversions. The integrated process holds great promise for biomass waste conversion into advanced biofuels.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Florian Held, Jannis Reusch, Steffen Salenbauch, Christian Hasse
Summary: The accurate prediction and assessment of soot emissions in internal combustion engines are crucial for the development of sustainable powertrains. This study presents a detailed quadrature-based method of moments (QMOM) soot model coupled with a state-of-the-art flow solver for the simulation of gasoline engines. The model accurately describes the entire cause-and-effect chain of soot formation, growth and oxidation. Experimental validation and engine cycle simulations are used to identify the root cause of observed soot formation hotspots.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)