Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ana Pascual-Dapena, Juan Jose Chillaron, Gemma Llaurado, Isabel Arnau-Barres, Juana Flores, Inmaculada Lopez-Montesinos, Luisa Sorli, Juan Luis Martinez-Perez, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Juan Du, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Gueerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study assessed the association between CD4/CD8 ratio and in-hospital mortality among individuals with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and found that a high CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with higher mortality and incidence of ARDS.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Aleksander Zinczuk, Marta Rorat, Krzysztof Simon, Tomasz Jurek
Summary: A retrospective analysis of 477 fatal COVID-19 cases in a single medical center revealed that male patients with comorbidities and increased inflammation at admission were predominant. Patients aged ≥81 years were more likely to be admitted to infectious diseases units (IDU) and die from respiratory failure, with shorter hospital stays and limited specialist treatment. Common complications included acute kidney injury and thromboembolic complications. Healthcare-associated infections were more frequent in patients treated with baricitinib, and the unnecessary use of antibiotics was common. Almost half of the patients experienced complications and adverse events involving staff. The majority of deaths were due to respiratory failure during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Adverse events during hospitalization should be considered as influencing factors contributing to patient death, in addition to the infection itself.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michele Bartoletti, Lorenzo Marconi, Luigia Scudeller, Livia Pancaldi, Sara Tedeschi, Maddalena Giannella, Matteo Rinaldi, Linda Bussini, Ilaria Valentini, Anna Filomena Ferravante, Antonella Potalivo, Elisa Marchionni, Giacomo Fornaro, Renato Pascale, Zeno Pasquini, Massimo Puoti, Marco Merli, Francesco Barchiesi, Francesca Volpato, Arianna Rubin, Annalisa Saracino, Tommaso Tonetti, Paolo Gaibani, Vito Marco Ranieri, Pierluigi Viale, Francesco Cristini
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroids in treating COVID-19 patients. Results showed that corticosteroid treatment did not significantly reduce 30-day mortality overall, but in patients with PO2/FiO2 < 200 mm Hg at admission, corticosteroid treatment was associated with a lower risk of 30-day mortality.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandro Macchia, Daniel Ferrante, Patricia Angeleri, Cristian Biscayart, Javier Mariani, Santiago Esteban, Manuel Rodriguez Tablado, Fernan Gonzalez Bernaldo de Quiros
Summary: This study concluded that vaccination was associated with a significant reduction in COVID-19 infection and mortality within the first 5 months after the start of the vaccination campaign.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matt D. T. Hitchings, Otavio T. Ranzani, Murilo Dorion, Tatiana Lang D'Agostini, Regiane Cardoso de Paula, Olivia Ferreira Pereira de Paula, Edlaine Faria de Moura Villela, Mario Sergio Scaramuzzini Torres, Silvano Barbosa de Oliveira, Wade Schulz, Maria Almiron, Rodrigo Said, Roberto Dias de Oliveira, Patricia Vieira Silva, Wildo Navegantes de Araujo, Jean Carlo Gorinchteyn, Jason R. Andrews, Derek A. T. Cummings, Albert Ko, Julio Croda
Summary: This study conducted in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, investigated the effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older against the Gamma variant of the Covid-19 virus. The results showed that the two-dose schedule of the ChAdOx1 vaccine provided significantly increased protection against Covid-19, hospitalization, and death compared to a single dose in elderly individuals during widespread circulation of the Gamma variant.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yang Yang, Jing Nie, Fei Sun, Jinghua Wang, Jianhua Chen, Ling Li, Meiqing Sheng, Sijie Yang, Lei Yu, Xia Li
Summary: This study examined the willingness and attitudes towards vaccination among guardians of older adults with dementia and identified the factors that may have influenced attitudes towards vaccination during the 2022 Omicron Variant outbreak in Shanghai, China. The low vaccination rates in older adults with dementia were mainly due to their guardians' concerns about vaccine safety.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angel Vila-Corcoles, Eva Satue-Gracia, Angel Vila-Rovira, Cinta de Diego-Cabanes, Maria Jose Forcadell-Peris, Immaculada Hospital-Guardiola, Olga Ochoa-Gondar, Josep Basora-Gallisa
Summary: The study found that COVID19-related deaths accounted for over 20% of all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults during the first wave of the pandemic, with about 10% of these deaths attributed to other concomitant causes. Significant predictors for COVID19-related mortality included age, sex, nursing-home residence, and number of pre-existing comorbidities.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Graham Pawelec, Janet McElhaney
Summary: The rapid development and testing of COVID-19 vaccines have shown high efficacy in older adults, potentially leading to a paradigm shift in understanding the impact of immunosenescence on vaccination against novel infectious diseases.
Article
Emergency Medicine
A. Pagano, G. Porta, G. Bosso, E. Allegorico, C. Serra, V. Mercurio, G. Sansone, S. Orefice, F. G. Numis
Summary: This study evaluated the trend of lactatemia in patients with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2-ARDS and its impact on prognosis. The study found that survivors had a significant increase in lactate levels the day before clinical improvement, even in severe hypoxia conditions, while non-survivors did not show a significant increase in lactate levels.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mai-Juan Ma, Shao-Fu Qiu, Xiao-Ming Cui, Ming Ni, Hong-Jie Liu, Run-Ze Ye, Lin Yao, Hong-Bo Liu, Wu-Chun Cao, Hong-Bin Song
Summary: Intra-host evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been observed in symptomatic and immunocompromised cases, but not among asymptomatic cases. However, this study identified a group of asymptomatic cases with persistent infection and dynamic mutations of the virus. The dysregulation of immune responses, characterized by lower antibody levels and upregulation of CD4 regulatory T cells, may contribute to the persistent infection.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sharline Madera, Emily Crawford, Charles Langelier, Nam K. Tran, Ed Thornborrow, Steve Miller, Joseph L. DeRisi
Summary: Current studies show that there is no significant difference in viral nucleic acid levels between young children and adults. This provides some insights for the safe reopening of schools.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Isabel Arnau-Barres, Ana Pascual-Dapena, Inmaculada Lopez-Montesinos, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Luisa Sorli, Marta Herrero, Xavier Nogues, Claudia Navarro-Valls, Beatriz Ibarra, Lizzeth Canchucaja, Elizabeth da Costa Venancio, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Juany Cruz, Olga Vazquez, Ramon Miralles, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study found that severe hypoalbuminemia (<= 3 g/dL) at admission is an independent risk factor for mortality among older adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is a consistent negative correlation between serum albumin levels and inflammatory markers, and severe hypoalbuminemia is associated with clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to investigate whether albumin supplementation as adjunctive therapy can positively impact the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ioannis P. Trougakos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Evangelos Terpos, Ourania E. Tsitsilonis, Evmorfia Aivalioti, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Efstathios Kastritis, George N. Pavlakis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Summary: The article discusses the two-phase nature of COVID-19, highlighting the characteristics of increased virus transmission and uncontrolled inflammatory immune responses which can lead to severe complications. The focus is on approaches to suppress viral infection rates, activate adaptive immune responses, and mitigate tissue damage and cytokine storms associated with COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christine Durier, Laetitia Ninove, Maeva Lefebvre, Anne Radenne, Corinne Desaint, Jacques Ropers, Rebecca Bauer, Said Lebbah, Diane Carette, Marie Lachatre, Anne-Sophie Lecompte, Dominique Deplanque, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Anne Conrad, Bertrand Dussol, Zoha Maakaroun-Vermesse, Giovanna Melica, Jean-Francois Nicolas, Renaud Verdon, Jacques Kiladjian, Paul Loubet, Catherine Schmidt-Mutter, Christian Duale, Severine Ansart, Stephane Priet, Axel Levier, Diana Molino, Louis-Victorien Vieillard, Beatrice Parfait, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, Eric Tartour, Xavier de Lamballerie, Odile Launay
Summary: The immune response generated by a COVID-19 vaccine booster against delta and omicron variants was evaluated in 65 adults (aged 65-84) shortly after receiving the first booster dose. The study showed an increase in SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in individuals who had not been previously infected, regardless of age, while a smaller increase was observed in those who had been infected before receiving a single dose of the primary vaccine. It is important to note that the humoral response was only observed starting from the 5th day after the booster dose.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Matthew F. L. Parker, Joseph Blecha, Oren Rosenberg, Michael Ohliger, Robert R. Flavell, David M. Wilson
Summary: This study developed ACE2-specific inhibitors and verified their importance in SARS-CoV-2 infection, indicating their potential for detecting ACE2 metabolic activity in organs. The findings demonstrate that cyclic peptides have lower half-maximal inhibitory concentrations compared to linear peptides in ACE2 inhibition assays.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Neuroimaging
Hossein Sanjari Moghaddam, Ali Sanjari Moghaddam, Alireza Hasanzadeh, Zahra Sanatian, Amirreza Mafi, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi, Mohammadmehdi Samimi, Vajiheh Aghamollaii, Taha Gholipour, Abbas Tafakhori
Summary: Functional neuroimaging has provided valuable insights into the neural mechanisms of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, revealing the involvement of specific brain networks in seizure propagation. While studies suggest certain networks are more affected in JME patients, further research is needed to understand the causal relationship between altered functional properties and seizure activity.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
AmirHussein Abdolalizadeh, Soheil Mohammadi, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
Summary: Visual disturbances are common in multiple sclerosis patients, as lesions damage the white matter tracts involved in vision. The vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF), a neglected tract located in the occipital lobe, seems to play a role in integrating visual information. In this study, researchers found that damage to VOF is present in multiple sclerosis patients and is associated with visual symptoms and impairments in visuospatial learning.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Sara Ekraminasab, Mahsa Dolatshahi, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Mahta Mardani, Sina Rashedi
Summary: Leptin is a hormone that regulates appetite and plays a role in neuronal survival and neuroinflammation. Its dysregulation is associated with increased vulnerability to damage in Parkinson's disease, making it a potential therapeutic target.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Stephen J. Bordes, Edinson Najera, Alireza M. Mohammadi, Gene H. Barnett, Badih Adada, Hamid Borghei-Razavi
Summary: LITT for posterior fossa lesions has shown promising results, although there is limited research in this area. This study analyzed multi-institutional outcomes of LITT for posterior fossa lesions and suggested areas for future research.
Review
Neurosciences
Arash Salehipour, Motahareh Bagheri, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Mahsa Dolatshahi, Delphine Boche
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia globally, and effective drug treatments are currently lacking. Combining multiple drugs or targeting multiple pathways may be a promising therapeutic approach. However, there are challenges to overcome and cooperation and research are needed.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shahla Eyvari Brooshghalan, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Seyed Ahmad Ebadi, Zohre Sadeghian, Alireza Mohajjel Nayebi, Rasool Haddadi
Summary: This study investigated the chronic therapeutic effects of Silibinin on an established rat model of Parkinson's disease. The results showed that Silibinin can reduce motor impairment, decrease oxidative stress, and inhibit neuroinflammation. Molecular modeling revealed a stable interaction between Silibinin and TLR4.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zeinab Sinaeifar, Mahsa Mayeli, Mahdieh Shafie, Atefe Pooyan, Giulia Cattarinussi, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi, Fabio Sambataro
Summary: This is a study that used DMRI connectometry approach to investigate white matter tracts associated with anger, while exploring potential sex differences. The results showed that the pathways associated with the limbic system and movement-related regions were involved in anger in men, while no brain pathways showed a significant relationship with anger in women.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Romel Corecha Santos, Bhavika Gupta, Raphael Bastianon Santiago, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Brandon Kaye, Rocco Dabecco, Michal Obrzut, Badih Adada, Nathalia Velasquez, Hamid Borghei-Razavi
Summary: This study examines the endoscopic endonasal optic nerve sheath decompression (EONSD) technique using cadaveric dissection and literature review. The results showed that EONSD is a feasible surgical procedure with good outcomes in terms of headache, papilledema, and visual disturbance improvement. The study suggests that EONSD can be an alternative to shunting in patients with IIH.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mahsa Dolatshahi, Hossein Sanjari Moghaddam, Parastoo Saberi, Soheil Mohammadi, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
Summary: This study systematically reviewed diffusion tensor imaging studies in patients with T1DM. The results showed that T1DM is associated with microstructural brain alterations, including reduced FA, MD, and AD in widespread brain regions, especially in association with glycemic fluctuations and in adult age.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Arashk Mallahzadeh, Mahan Shafie, Mahdi Tahvilian, Mohammad Sadeghi, Golsa Moslemian, Pouria Barzin, Maryam Bemanalizadeh, Mahsa Mayeli, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
Summary: Using diffusion MRI connectometry, this study found that the integrity of white matter in certain tracts is associated with behavioral activation and inhibition, expanding our knowledge of the neural networks associated with risk-taking and reward-seeking behaviors.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Homa Seyedmirzaei, Fardin Nabizadeh, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi, Lorenzo Pini
Summary: Diffusion-weighted imaging has been used to study alterations in multiple sclerosis (MS), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is an emerging approach that quantifies specific neurite morphology. This systematic review summarized the NODDI findings in MS, identifying consistent alterations in NODDI metrics in white matter and grey matter lesions. Despite limitations, NODDI has the potential to reveal microstructural alterations in MS and improve our understanding of its pathophysiological mechanism.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Biology
Fatemeh Rashidi, Mohammad Hossein Khanmirzaei, Farbod Hosseinzadeh, Zahra Kolahchi, Niloofar Jafarimehrabady, Bardia Moghisseh, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
Summary: This article reviews the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in evaluating white matter microstructure changes in Parkinson's disease patients, specifically within two fiber tracts. It also examines how these changes may be related to cognitive impairments in advanced PD patients and provides insight for developing targeted treatments.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Assad Ali, Bhavika Gupta, Phillip Johansen, Raphael Bastianon Santiago, Rocco Dabecco, Mauricio Mandel, Badih Adada, Juan Botero, Mayank Roy, Hamid Borghei-Razavi
Summary: We developed an ERAS protocol for patients with iNPH undergoing VPS placement, with a focus on early discharge. The results of our study showed that the ERAS protocol significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium without increasing the risk of infection or other postoperative complications, compared to the standard protocol.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Omid Yousefi, Pouria Azami, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Badih Adada, Hamid Borghei-Razavi
Correction
Neurosciences
Maryam Haghshomar, Parnian Shobeiri, Seyed Arsalan Seyedi, Fatemeh Abbasi-Feijani, Amirhossein Poopak, Houman Sotoudeh, Arash Kamali, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi