Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shaojie Wang, Zhen Luo, Jiajie Liang, Jun Hu, Naisheng Jiang, Jinliang He, Qi Li
Summary: Polymer nanocomposite dielectrics with exceptional electric properties are discussed in this critical overview. The role of the matrix/particle interface in determining the performance of these materials is emphasized. Various experimental strategies and characterization techniques for studying the local property-structure correlation of the interface are analyzed, with a focus on their unique capabilities. The limitations of each strategy are evaluated and compared, and future research directions are proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthias Diethelm, Michael Bauer, Wei-Hsu Hu, Camilla Vael, Sandra Jenatsch, Paul W. M. Blom, Frank Nuesch, Roland Hany
Summary: This study provides useful insights into the chemical nature of universal electron traps in semiconducting polymers. The researchers discovered that the filling of electron traps is much slower than commonly believed.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiale Ding, Wenhan Xu, Xuanbo Zhu, Zheng Liu, Yunhe Zhang, Zhenhua Jiang
Summary: High-temperature polymer dielectrics with high energy density are essential but face the challenge of conduction loss at elevated temperatures. This study introduces polymer dots (PDs) with high-electron-affinity into high-temperature polymers to prepare all-organic nanocomposite dielectrics. The addition of PDs reduces leakage current density and improves the high-temperature energy storage performance, leading to a significant improvement in capacitance performance and energy density.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon, Ibrahim Abdulwahhab Atiyah, Aseel Kais Rasheed
Summary: In this study, a 3D porous nanoribbons pillared-MXene/PVA nanocomposite was successfully fabricated, exhibiting excellent performance in dielectric properties, mechanical characteristics, and elasticity.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Minhee Kim, Se-Hee Lee
Summary: The study analyzed the impact of accumulated space charge on electric field distortion and breakdown strength in polymeric insulators in an HVDC environment using a bipolar charge transport model. It was found that temperature gradient accelerates the reduction of breakdown strength, and internal energy imbalance caused by polarity-reversal voltage significantly decreases breakdown strength.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiongwei Jiang, Shaohua Wang, Wenhao Wang, Rui Han
Summary: This paper investigates the DC breakdown characteristics of polyester films and finds that with increasing aging time, the DC breakdown strength, trap depth, and density change, mainly from the dielectric surface area. Through simulation, it is shown that modulating the injection and accumulation behaviors of space charges has an important effect on pre-breakdown space charge and electric field distribution.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Mohammed Houssat, Christina Villeneuve-Faure, Nadine Lahoud Dignat, Marie-Laure Locatelli, Jean-Pascal Cambronne
Summary: The interphase region significantly affects the dielectric properties of nanocomposites, especially at higher temperatures. Multiscale characterization reveals a correlation between interphase width and temperature. Additionally, a strong relationship is observed between interphase dielectric permittivity and NC breakdown strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Jun-Guo Gao, Li-Wei Liu, Wei-Feng Sun
Summary: Polar group-modified crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) materials are developed by grafting chloroacetic acid allyl ester (CAAE) and maleic anhydride (MAH) to polyethylene molecular chains, improving dielectric characteristics through charge-trapping mechanism. The grafted polar-group molecules introduce deep-level charge traps in XLPE materials, restrict charge injections, hinder charge carrier transports, and significantly enhance electric resistance and dielectric breakdown strength.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Stavros X. Drakopoulos, Zdenko Spitalsky, Hamed Peidayesh, Laszlo Lendvai
Summary: Carbohydrate polymers are environmentally friendly materials due to their biodegradability and abundance. However, their molecular characteristics and hydrophilicity complicate spectroscopic investigation. In this study, thermoplastic starch with glycerol as a plasticizer was prepared using melt processing. The presence of water molecules was found to affect dielectric response and charge transport dynamics. Multiple dielectric processes and segmental relaxation processes were observed, and the ionic conductivity was found to be enhanced by the presence of water.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Ling-jie Zhang, Jian Liu, Long-bo Luo, Xiang-yang Liu, Xu Wang
Summary: In this study, a series of all-organic PI composite films were developed by introducing a small amount of perchlorinated hexa-perihexabenzocoronene molecules. The introduction of these molecules successfully achieved a combination of high breakdown strength and low dielectric loss. The prepared composite films exhibited improved dielectric performance and energy storage density.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
T. Perevalov, A. A. Gismatulin, V. A. Gritsenko, H. Xu, J. Zhang, K. A. Vorotilov, M. R. Baklanov
Summary: This study analyzes four bulk-limited models of charge transport and finds that phonon-assisted electron tunneling can explain the experimental results reasonably, with a thermal trap energy value of 1.2 eV. The trap nature is discussed, as well as a comparison with low-k films prepared using spin-on-glass technology.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fan Yang, Kai Zhou, Shakeel Akram, Muhammad Tariq Nazir
Summary: This paper introduces a new method for testing PDC in high-voltage wire, which can efficiently eliminate interference and accurately measure PDC in an industrial environment. The method uses an equipotential picoammeter connected in series with the high-voltage wire, and a device with automatic switching function.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kerong Yang, Weijiang Chen, Yushun Zhao, Yu He, Xin Chen, Bin Du, Wei Yang, Song Zhang, Yufei Fu
Summary: This study develops a general strategy to improve the dielectric strength of epoxy polymer matrix by constructing interface charge traps, using the -CF3 group in partial replacement of the -CH3 group. This strategy increases the dielectric strength and surface breakdown voltage while maintaining mechanical and thermal properties, holding potential for wide application in future electrical and electronic equipment requiring resilience to high-voltage stress.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhen Li, He Gao, Longfei Zhang, Shouming Wang, Ji Liu, Shengtao Li
Summary: Due to miniaturisation and integration in advanced power electronic and electrical applications, the breakdown mechanism of epoxy/multiwall-carbon-nanotube nanocomposites is being investigated. The results show that the breakdown strength of nanocomposites with 0.05 wt% multiwall-carbon-nanotubes increases by approximately 18%, but decreases exponentially with increasing thickness. A simulation model of DC breakdown, including carriers transport and segmental dynamics, indicates that the thickness-dependent DC breakdown is determined by both segment chain dynamics and charge transport. The enhanced breakdown strength is attributed to the increased amount of deep traps in the interfacial region caused by multiwall-carbon-nanotubes, while the effect of thickness is due to the enlarged segment chain displacement and electric field distortion as the voltage raising time increases.
Article
Polymer Science
Jiang Shao, Le Zhou, Yuqi Chen, Xue Liu, Mingbo Ji
Summary: This study proposed an improved Knott model by introducing the interphase region and assuming its properties, which accurately predicts the dielectric constant of polymer-based nanocomposites. The research results show that factors such as polymer matrix, nanoparticles, interphase dielectric, thickness, nanoparticle size, and volume fraction have an important impact on the dielectric properties of nanocomposites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiasheng Ru, Daomin Min, Michael Lanagan, Shengtao Li, George Chen
Summary: This study presents a novel method for controlling the morphology of multilayer PI nanocomposites, achieving high breakdown field and discharged energy density in high temperature applications. The sandwich-structured PI nanocomposites show promise for energy storage capacitors, especially in extreme temperature environments.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xiaoping Wang, Shusai Zheng, Zhen Li, Shaoming Pan, Weibo Fan, Daomin Min, Shengtao Li
Summary: This paper investigates the surface flashover properties on the vacuum-dielectric interface irradiated by electrons. A 'three-segment' curve is discovered, showing the trend of increasing, decreasing, and stabilizing surface flashover voltage of polyimide with increasing electrode gap distance. Based on the simulation of electron trajectories, a model combining the effects of both kinetic and deposited electrons on surface flashover is proposed. This provides guidance for improving surface flashover voltage during electron irradiation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kunming Shi, Bin Chai, Haiyang Zou, Daomin Min, Shengtao Li, Pingkai Jiang, Xingyi Huang
Summary: This study investigates the contact electrification and charge dynamics on a typical tribomaterial using in situ methods. The results show that the number of transferred electrons increas with contact force/area and tends to reach saturation under increased friction cycles. The incorporation of high permittivity BaTiO3 nanoparticles enhances the capacitance and electron trapping capability of the nanocomposites, improving the output performance of triboelectric devices.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Minzun Ji, Daomin Min, Qingzhou Wu, Wenfeng Liu, Shengtao Li, Shaorui Qin, Shenglong Zhu
Summary: This article investigates the scale and electrical conduction properties of the interfacial regions in electrical insulating polymer nanocomposites. Through simulation and experimentation, it is found that the ordered and tightly aggregated structure induced by the bound effect of nanofillers results in interfacial regions with low conductivity.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Daomin Min, Minzun Ji, Ziwei Gao, Zhuoli Cai, Qingzhou Wu, Jie Liu, Shengtao Li, Wenfeng Liu
Summary: Polymer dielectric capacitors are commonly used for high-power-density energy storage, but their energy storage density is low and they cannot withstand high temperatures or achieve high energy density. To improve these aspects, a unified model is needed to study the factors that affect energy storage performance. The bipolar charge transport (BCT) model is used to establish a comprehensive model that considers charge injections, carrier migration, trapping effects, and energy damage. The model accurately predicts breakdown strengths, discharged energy densities, and charge-discharge efficiencies for different materials and temperatures. It reveals that carrier injection and transport are crucial for determining the conductivity, breakdown, and energy storage of linear dielectrics. Coating a layer of SiO2 on BOPP film enhances breakdown strength and reduces heat and distortion, while reducing charge injection and space charge accumulation improves energy density and charge-discharge efficiency.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Zhijie Yang, Dong Yue, Yuanhang Yao, Jialong Li, Qingguo Chi, Qingguo Chen, Daomin Min, Yu Feng
Summary: This paper reviews the research progress of all-organic polymer dielectrics and emphasizes strategies to enhance both dielectric and energy storage performance. By analyzing the effects of blending, filling, and multilayer structures on all-organic polymer dielectrics, the energy storage applications and prospects of this material are summarized.
Article
Physics, Applied
Zhen Li, Yongsen Han, Ji Liu, Daomin Min, Shengtao Li
Summary: In this study, the temperature-dependent direct current (DC) breakdown mechanisms of epoxy resin (EP)/TiO2 nanocomposites were investigated. The incorporation of nanoparticles reduced space charge accumulation and electric field distortion, while an increase in temperature accelerated space charge accumulation, electric field distortion, and molecular displacement. A DC breakdown simulation model was established to further explore the influence of carrier traps and molecular chain dynamics on temperature-dependent breakdown. The calculated results showed good agreement with experimental data, indicating that the temperature-dependent DC breakdown mechanisms are dominated by the synergistic effects of carrier traps and segment chain dynamics. Furthermore, a transition from segment chain to backbone dynamics was discovered near the glass-transition temperature for DC breakdown of EP/TiO2 nanocomposites.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Shaoming Pan, Xiaoping Wang, Daomin Min, Dajian Li, Xiajin Rao, Yi Su, Jian Zhao, Shengtao Li
Summary: This article investigates the effects of negative surface charge on surface flashover using the particle tracking method. The results show that negative surface charge inhibits initial electron emission and flashover initiation, and hinders the multiplication of secondary electrons and flashover development.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoliang Xing, Chong Zhang, Mengyao Han, Ziwei Gao, Qingzhou Wu, Daomin Min
Summary: This study investigates the breakdown strength of PE nanocomposites by considering the effects of factors such as space charges, electron energy, and molecular chains. The simulation results suggest that the combination of trapping effect and binding effect of molecular chains significantly improves the breakdown electric field of the material.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiaodi Dong, Baoquan Wan, Yang Feng, Daomin Min, Ming-Sheng Zheng, Haiping Xu, Zhi-Min Dang, George Chen, Jun-Wei Zha
Summary: This study successfully synthesized all-organic polyimide (PI) films with ultra-low permittivity and high hydrophobicity by introducing a fluoroelastomer (FEM). The impact of the fluoroelastomer on the dielectric properties was studied through molecular dynamics simulations and practical tests.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanwei Zhu, Haopeng Chen, Yu Chen, Guanghao Qu, Guanghao Lu, Daomin Min, Yongjie Nie, Shengtao Li
Summary: This study reveals that surface oxidation-dependent space-charge accumulation can effectively enhance the breakdown and flashover performances of polymeric insulating materials. The functions of surface oxidation on the interfacial barrier of LDPE were investigated through quantitative analysis of space-charge distributions and electric field distortion. The proposed mechanism of surface modification on space-charge behaviors provides guidance for selecting appropriate methods to modify space-charge accumulation and improve the insulating performance of polymeric films for high-voltage applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Minzun Ji, Daomin Min, Yuwei Li, Lingyu Yang, Qingzhou Wu, Wenfeng Liu, Shengtao Li
Summary: Researchers have constructed sandwich-structured PI/BaTiO3 nanocomposites using in-situ synthesis and solution casting techniques, achieving an energy density of 7.44 J/cm3 while maintaining good charge-discharge efficiency. The organic/inorganic interfacial polarization and interlayer polarization significantly increase the dielectric constant. The sandwich structure redistributes the electric field and mitigates the electric field concentration, while the outer insulation layer blocks high current and heat breakdown paths. This work provides a new paradigm for exploring polyimide nanocomposites with enhanced energy density through a combination of experiments and simulations.
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Zhen Li, He Gao, Longfei Zhang, Ji Liu, Huan Niu, Mingru Li, Daomin Min, Shengtao Li
Summary: This study investigates the molecular dynamics and macro-dielectric performances of epoxy nanocomposites. It is found that EP/TiO2 nanocomposites with optimized filler content exhibit improved mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties. The DC breakdown strength of the nanocomposites initially increases and then decreases with temperature, while also significantly decreasing overall.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Poxin Wang, Daomin Min, Xiaofan Song, Ziwei Gao, Yutao Hao, Shihang Wang, Wenfeng Liu
Summary: This research constructs an energy storage and release model considering the charge trapping effects and simulates the high-temperature energy storage properties of polyimide nanocomposite dielectrics. The results show that increasing the charge injection barrier, deep trap energy, and deep trap density can effectively improve the discharged energy densities and energy efficiencies of dielectric capacitors. This study provides theoretical and model support for enhancing the high-temperature energy storage performance of nanocomposites.
IET NANODIELECTRICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Poxin Wang, Daomin Min, Xiaofan Song, Yuanshuo Zhang, Lingyu Yang, Shihang Wang, Shengtao Li
Summary: Linear polymer dielectrics have been widely used in high-energy density capacitors due to their high breakdown strength and lightweight, but their low-energy storage density limits their practical application. By constructing an energy storage and energy release model, the impact of charge hopping barrier and average hopping distance on the energy storage performance of polyetherimide nanocomposites (PEI PNCs) was simulated and analyzed. The findings provide theoretical and model support for insulation design and performance improvement of nanocomposite dielectrics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION
(2023)
