Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Narendra P. Singh
Summary: This study demonstrates how the Hox transcription factor Ultrabithorax acts as both a repressor and an activator in a cell type-specific manner to alter chromatin accessibility and gene regulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Asgher Ali, Mudassar Imran, Sultan Sial, Adnan Khan
Summary: Mathematical models are useful in determining optimal antibiotic dosing strategies for both susceptible and resistant bacteria. This study proposes two different models of resistance acquisition and uses numerical optimization algorithms to find the best dosing strategy. The optimal dosing strategy depends on the scenario, with different strategies for minimizing total bacterial population and minimizing population at the end of dosing period.
Article
Microbiology
Zahra Hanafy, Jason A. Osborne, William G. Miller, Craig T. Parker, Jonathan W. Olson, James H. Jackson, Sophia Kathariou
Summary: This study determined the transformation frequencies (TFs) for different antimicrobial resistance (AMR) markers in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. The TF for nalidixic acid resistance was the highest, followed by streptomycin and gentamicin resistance. Tetracycline resistance was less commonly transferred, while transformation to erythromycin resistance was rare. The TFs varied with different recipient-donor combinations. These findings provide insights into factors that may impact the transfer of AMR in the agricultural ecosystem.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Luyao Ma, Michael E. Konkel, Xiaonan Lu
Summary: This study found that C. jejuni biofilms significantly enhanced HGT, increasing the frequency up to 173-fold compared to planktonic cells. HGT in biofilms was not associated with biofilm biomass, cell density, or bacterial metabolic activity, but was correlated with extracellular DNA amount. The presence of synergistic HGT effect between different strains of C. jejuni was also observed.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiajia Lin, Jana E. Compton, Ryan A. Hill, Alan T. Herlihy, Robert D. Sabo, J. Renee Brooks, Marc Weber, Brian Pickard, Steve G. Paulsen, John L. Stoddard
Summary: The study found that nitrogen input rates significantly influenced stream nitrogen concentrations, with model results for high nitrogen input watersheds indicating potential contributions from contaminated groundwater to high stream nitrogen concentrations as well as the mitigating role of wetlands.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Juanita Todd, Jade D. Frost, Mattsen Yeark, Bryan Paton
Summary: The study investigates the role of perceptual inferences across multiple timescales, finding that the brain can balance sensitivity to local rarity with global long-term predictability. Participants formed predictions about both local and global regularities, with auditory evoked potentials showing different modulations at different timescales. The results highlight the importance of considering uncertainty at multiple timescales in auditory evoked potential studies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rashmi Trivedi, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, Mohd Adnan Kausar, Amir Saeed, Amit Baran Sharangi, Ahmad Almatroudi, Nadiyah M. Alabdallah, Mohd Saeed, Farrukh Aqil
Summary: The rise of antimicrobial resistance poses a threat to public health, and the microbiome and nanotechnology offer potential solutions to combat this issue.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Costanza Vicentini, Valentina Blengini, Giulia Libero, Manuela Martella, Carla Maria Zotti
Summary: Antibiotic misuse and overuse contribute to antimicrobial resistance, and antimicrobial stewardship programs aim to promote appropriate antibiotic use and reduce resistance. Restrictive strategies (RS) and enabling strategies (ES) are two main organizational models for AMS programs, with a study in Piedmont hospitals showing no significant difference in outcomes between the two approaches.
Editorial Material
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Vinton G. Cerf
Summary: Bob Metcalfe, the Turing Award Laureate for 2022, introduced Metcalfe's Law, stating that the value of a network increases exponentially with the number of connected devices.
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yanzhu Chen, Yi Chen
Summary: Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) is a pathogen with higher virulence than classical strains, posing a significant threat to public health in China. The country faces the urgent task of identifying hvKP and providing optimal treatment.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ryan Sweet, Paul A. Kroon, Mark A. Webber
Summary: The risk of bacterial foodborne infection to human health is currently controlled by the addition of antimicrobial preservatives to food. However, the use of chemical preservatives poses health risks, making the development of improved preservatives a priority for the food industry. Plant-derived phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols, are a promising source of novel antimicrobial compounds. While there has been significant study of phytochemicals, there remains uncertainty regarding their relative efficacy, mechanisms of action, and potential for bacterial resistance.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Didem Torumkuney, Naser Behbehani, James van Hasselt, Mohamed Hamouda, Nergis Keles
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global public health, with Kuwait having implemented initiatives to address AMR but facing challenges such as high antibiotic usage and low public understanding of appropriate antibiotic use. Standardized local guidelines and utilization of up-to-date surveillance data may be crucial in reducing AMR development and improving clinical outcomes for patients.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Drew A. Scott, Kathryn D. Eckhoff, Nicola Lorenz, Richard Dick, Rebecca M. Swab
Summary: Research shows that using native prairie plants in Appalachian mineland reclamation can improve soil quality more quickly, support native plant conservation, and provide various ecological benefits. Despite the inclusion of traditional species in seed mixes, native plants can successfully establish and bring multiple ecological benefits.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Zorana Kovacevic, Marko Samardzija, Olga Horvat, Dragana Tomanic, Miodrag Radinovic, Katarina Bijelic, Annamaria Galfi Vukomanovic, Nebojsa Kladar
Summary: The main objective of this study was to quantify antimicrobial use (AMU) on three dairy farms in Serbia and investigate the association between AMU and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in mastitis-associated pathogens. The results confirmed a relationship between the use of common antibiotics in mastitis treatment and AMR of isolated mastitis-associated pathogens, highlighting the importance of this aspect in combating global antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammad Imran, Saurav Kumar Jha, Nazeer Hasan, Areeba Insaf, Jitendra Shrestha, Jesus Shrestha, Hari Prasad Devkota, Salman Khan, Nisha Panth, Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani, Kamal Dua, Philip M. Hansbro, Keshav Raj Paudel, Yousuf Mohammed
Summary: This review article discusses the threat of antibiotic resistance in microbial therapies and presents the effectiveness and mechanisms of novel drug delivery systems. It provides insights into the development mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and various strategies to combat it, as well as the role of microfluidics in fighting antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Macaulay Winter, Klaus Harms, Pal Johnsen, Michiel Vos
Summary: The genus Acinetobacter includes both environmental species and opportunistic human pathogens. Many species are capable of natural transformation, which is an important mechanism of horizontal gene transfer. In this study, we present the genome sequences of 19 Acinetobacter strains that have been or will be used in studies of natural transformation.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
