Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marko Kumric, Josip A. Borovac, Dinko Martinovic, Tina Ticinovic Kurir, Josko Bozic
Summary: Despite advancements in mitigating ACS complications, it remains a global health burden. Most vulnerable plaques leading to ACS are due to sudden disruption rather than gradual narrowing of vessel lumen. Current imaging modalities for vulnerable plaque detection are invasive, leading to the search for biomarkers from lipid and inflammation processes.
Article
Immunology
Jun Qian, Yanhua Gao, Yan Lai, Zi Ye, Yian Yao, Keke Ding, Jing Tong, Hao Lin, Guoqi Zhu, Yunan Yu, Haoran Ding, Deqiang Yuan, Jiapeng Chu, Fei Chen, Xuebo Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptomic profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and found that immune cells in patients with plaque rupture exhibited highly pro-inflammatory characteristics, while plaque erosion was associated with intermediate monocyte amplification, neutrophil activation, and degranulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewelina A. Dziedzic, Jakub S. Gasior, Agnieszka Tuzimek, Justyna Paleczny, Miroslaw Kwasny, Marek Dabrowski, Piotr Jankowski
Summary: This study assessed the zinc nutritional status in patients with coronary artery disease using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results showed no association between zinc and the severity of coronary artery disease, and there were no significant differences in zinc levels between patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease. However, a significant negative correlation was observed between zinc content and serum triglyceride concentration, and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had lower hair zinc content.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hao Tang, Zhaoyue Li, Yuhua Fan, Tingting Zhang, Xiaofang Ban, Jie Xiong, Ke Xu, Zhuozhong Wang, Yingfeng Tu
Summary: This study investigated the differences in culprit lesions between premenopausal and postmenopausal women with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The findings suggest that postmenopausal women with ACS have more vulnerable culprit lesions, indicating the potential need for optimized lipid-lowering therapy.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giulia Magnani, Serena Bricoli, Maddalena Ardissino, Giuseppe Maglietta, Adam Nelson, Caterina Disisto, Patrizia Celli, Maurizio Ferrario, Umberto Canosi, Carlo Cernetti, Francesco Negri, Marco Tubaro, Carlo Berzuini, Chiara Manzalini, Gianfranco Ignone, Carlo Campana, Luigi Moschini, Elisabetta Ponte, Roberto Pozzi, Raffaela Fetiveau, Silvia Buratti, Elvezia Paraboschi, Rosanna Asselta, Andrea Botti, Domenico Tuttolomondo, Federico Barocelli, Andrea Biagi, Rosario Bonura, Tiziano Moccetti, Antonio Crocamo, Giorgio Benatti, Giorgia Paoli, Emilia Solinas, Elisabetta Moscarella, Paolo Calabr, Stefano Duga, Giampaolo Niccoli, Diego Ardissino
Summary: MINOCA is common in patients with early-onset MI, and although there is a lower rate of cardiovascular death, the long-term risk is not significantly different from that of patients with obstructive coronary artery disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Arnav Katira, Ravish Katira
Summary: Colchicine may play a key role in the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with stable and unstable coronary artery disease, as it is associated with a reduction in the rate of myocardial infarction and other major cardiovascular outcomes.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yunlong Lu, Zhen Wang, Marios K. Georgakis, Hefeng Lin, Liangrong Zheng
Summary: The genetic liability to depression is associated with higher risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction, partly mediated by type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Brian A. Bergmark, Njambi Mathenge, Piera A. Merlini, Marilyn B. Lawrence-Wright, Robert P. Giugliano
Summary: Although progress has been made in diagnosing and treating acute coronary syndromes, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death globally. High-sensitivity troponin assays have allowed for rapid diagnosis in suspected cases. Dual antiplatelet therapy and additional preventive measures are recommended. The diagnosis and management of acute coronary syndromes continue to evolve, especially in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Review
Biology
Maria Emfietzoglou, Michail C. Mavrogiannis, Hector M. Garcia-Garcia, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Ioannis Kanakakis, Michail I. Papafaklis
Summary: Despite advances in treatment, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a major cause of illness and death worldwide. Invasive and non-invasive imaging techniques have been used to identify high-risk plaques and the vulnerable state of patients with CAD. However, the predictive value of the invasive-only approach is limited, and a more interdisciplinary approach is needed to identify both the vulnerable plaque and patient. This review summarizes and critically evaluates the modalities used for detecting high-risk plaques in patients with CAD and discusses the challenges of the vulnerable plaque concept.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markus Malmberg, Jarmo Gunn, Paivi Rautava, Jussi Sipila, Ville Kyto
Summary: Patients with myocardial infarction have poorer short- and long-term outcomes compared to stable coronary artery disease patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Higher risk of death continues also in stabilized first-year myocardial infarct survivors. Efficient secondary prevention and follow-up are important in the post-myocardial infarct population after CABG.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lin Sun, Lin Zhao, Kunqi Yang, Zuozhi Li, Yan Wang, Tianjie Wang, Man Wang, Yan Zeng, Xianliang Zhou, Weixian Yang
Summary: This study evaluates the potential predictive value of total bilirubin (TBIL) for one-year prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and psoriasis. The results show that lower TBIL levels are associated with the severity of coronary artery calcification, and patients with lower TBIL levels have a significantly higher incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in one-year follow-up.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ayman Elbadawi, Mohammed Elzeneini, Islam Y. Elgendy, Michael Megaly, Mohamed Omer, Ernesto Jimenez, Ravi K. Ghanta, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Hani Jneid
Summary: This study used a nationwide database to analyze the trends and outcomes of isolated coronary artery bypass grafting after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The results showed a decline in the use of this procedure, but no change in in-hospital mortality. A recent cohort study found that performing the grafting on day 2 had similar in-hospital mortality compared with day 3 or more, but lower rates of complications and shorter hospital stays.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Valentino Bianco, Arman Kilic, Thomas G. Gleason, Edgar Aranda-Michel, Yisi Wang, Forozan Navid, Ibrahim Sultan
Summary: The timing of coronary artery bypass grafting after acute myocardial infarction does not consistently affect postoperative outcomes. After adjusting for baseline patient characteristics, there was no statistically significant difference between timing cohorts for both mortality and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event readmissions.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Harmony R. Reynolds, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Colin Berry, Rohit Samuel, Jacqueline Saw, Nathaniel R. Smilowitz, Ana Carolina do A. H. de Souza, Robert Sykes, Viviany R. Taqueti, Janet Wei
Summary: Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in women and requires gender-specific risk stratification for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Recent research has improved understanding of cardiovascular disease in women, including mechanisms of ischemia with no obstructive coronary arteries and myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries. Despite progress, sex differences in ischemic heart disease outcomes persist.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yves Cottin, Rany Issa, Mourad Benalia, Basile Mouhat, Alexandre Meloux, Laura Tribouillard, Florence Bichat, Luc Rochette, Catherine Vergely, Marianne Zeller
Summary: The study found an association between serum OPG levels and coronary lesion complexity in patients with acute myocardial infarction, which was not influenced by factors such as hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular history, and reduced glomerular filtration rate.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rika Kawakami, Hemal Gada, Michael J. Rinaldi, Tamim M. Nazif, Martin B. Leon, Samir Kapadia, Amar Krishnaswamy, Atsushi Sakamoto, Yu Sato, Masayuki Mori, Kenji Kawai, Anne Cornelissen, Ji-Eun Park, Saikat Kumar B. Ghosh, Biniyam G. Abebe, Maria Romero, Renu Virmani, Aloke V. Finn
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kenji Kawai, Yu Sato, Rika Kawakami, Atsushi Sakamoto, Anne Cornelissen, Masayuki Mori, Saikat Ghosh, Robert Kutys, Renu Virmani, Aloke Finn
Summary: It is rare to see evidence of arterial calcification in infants and children, and when detected, genetic disorders of calcium metabolism should be suspected. Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a hereditary disease characterized by severe arterial calcification, mostly involving the media with marked intimal proliferation and ectopic mineralization. ENPP1 and ABCC6 gene variants are associated with the disease, with higher mortality in subjects carrying ENPP1 variants. Overall mortality in individuals with GACI is high, and there is currently no ideal therapy, but gene-targeted treatments are being developed.
JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY HEALTHCARE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kenji Kawai, Aimee E. Vozenilek, Rika Kawakami, Yu Sato, Saikat Kumar B. Ghosh, Renu Virmani, Aloke V. Finn
Summary: This article comprehensively reviews various macrophage phenotypes and how they contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Different signals from atherosclerotic lesions can drive macrophages into complex subsets with diverse gene expression profiles, phenotypes, and functions, some of which are not fully understood. Targeting specific macrophage phenotypes may offer a promising and novel approach to preventing the progression of atherosclerosis.
EXPERT REVIEW OF CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anne Cornelissen, Liang Guo, Sam J. Neally, Leah Kleinberg, Ashley Forster, Rajeev Nair, Neel Gadhoke, Saikat Kumar B. Ghosh, Atsushi Sakamoto, Yu Sato, Rika Kawakami, Masayuki Mori, Kenji Kawai, Raquel Fernandez, Armelle Dikongue, Biniyam Abebe, Robert Kutys, Maria E. Romero, Frank D. Kolodgie, Yvonne Baumer, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Renu Virmani, Aloke Finn
Summary: This study investigated the association between neighborhood disadvantage and cardiovascular findings at autopsy in cases of sudden death, and found that after adjusting for traditional risk factors and race, the association no longer existed, indicating that social determinants of health play a more prominent role in sudden cardiac death.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew J. Buckler, Antonio M. Gotto Jr, Akshay Rajeev, Anna Nicolaou, Atsushi Sakamoto, Samantha St Pierre, Matthew Phillips, Renu Virmani, Todd C. Villines
Summary: This study evaluated the accuracy of a machine-learning software for determining plaque risk phenotype by comparing it with expert pathologists. The software demonstrated high accuracy in delineating plaque morphology and identifying plaque types.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Andrew J. Buckler, Atsushi Sakamoto, Samantha St. Pierre, Renu Virmani, Matthew J. Budoff
Summary: This study demonstrates the accurate discrimination and quantitation of lipid-rich necrotic core, intraplaque hemorrhage, and fibrotic tissues using histopathologic correlates. These markers can be used singly or in combination to optimize patient care and contribute to the development of novel drugs and clinical decision support tools.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hayato Ohtani, Masao Saotome, Atsushi Sakamoto, Kenichiro Suwa, Yuichiro Maekawa
Summary: A 56-year-old woman with drug-refractory heart failure was found to have a family history of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Despite not having skeletal muscle disorder, she exhibited reduced dystrophin expression in cardiac myocytes. Genetic analysis revealed a duplication in exon 8-9 on Xp21, indicating X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy (XLDCM) as a cardiac-specific phenotype of dystrophinopathy. Family history interviews and dystrophinopathy investigation are necessary for detecting XLDCM in women.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Takenori Ikoma, Hayato Ohtani, Kazuto Ohno, Keisuke Iguchi, Kenichiro Suwa, Michifumi Sawada, Yukichi Tanahashi, Atsushi Sakamoto, Masao Saotome, Shintaro Ichikawa, Satoshi Goshima, Yuichiro Maekawa
Summary: The heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratio of Tc-99m-PYP obtained at 3 hours post-injection has the potential to be a novel indicator for the diagnosis of ATTR-CA. A ratio greater than 1.41 can accurately identify ATTR-CA patients with a sensitivity of 100%.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Atsushi Sakamoto, Rika Kawakami, Masayuki Mori, Liang Guo, Ka Hyun Paek, Jose Verdezoto Mosquera, Anne Cornelissen, Saikat Kumar B. Ghosh, Kenji Kawai, Takao Konishi, Raquel Fernandez, Daniela T. Fuller, Weili Xu, Aimee E. Vozenilek, Yu Sato, Hiroyuki Jinnouchi, Sho Torii, Adam W. Turner, Hirokuni Akahori, Salome Kuntz, Craig C. Weinkauf, Parker J. Lee, Robert Kutys, Kathryn Harris, Alfred Lawrence Killey, Christina M. Mayhew, Matthew Ellis, Leah M. Weinstein, Neel V. Gadhoke, Roma Dhingra, Jeremy Ullman, Armella Dikongue, Maria E. Romero, Frank D. Kolodgie, Clint I. Miller, Renu Virmani, Aloke V. Finn
Summary: Vascular calcification (VC) and atherosclerosis coexist, but it is unclear why rupture-prone high-risk plaques do not typically calcify extensively. In this study, the researchers found that CD163+ macrophages, which are involved in atherosclerosis, have an inverse correlation with VC in human arteries. They also discovered that these macrophages inhibit VC through NF-KB-induced hyaluronan synthase (HAS), an enzyme that plays a role in the formation of the extracellular matrix. These findings provide insights into the mechanism by which CD163+ macrophages promote high-risk plaque development by inhibiting VC.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Satoshi Yamashita, Atsushi Sakamoto, Satoshi Shoji, Yoshitaka Kawaguchi, Yasushi Wakabayashi, Masaki Matsunaga, Kiyohisa Suguro, Yuji Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Takase, Tomoya Onodera, Kei Tawarahara, Masahiro Muto, Yasutaka Shirasaki, Hideki Katoh, Makoto Sano, Kenichiro Suwa, Yoshihisa Naruse, Hayato Ohtani, Masao Saotome, Tsuyoshi Urushida, Shun Kohsaka, Eisaku Okada, Yuichiro Maekawa
Summary: This study aimed to determine the optimal duration of PCSK9 antibody therapy in patients with ACS. The results showed that short-term PCSK9 antibody therapy combined with conventional LLT was feasible in ACS patients who underwent PCI, with no significant adverse events. Further long-term follow-up in a larger clinical trial is needed.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Keiko Sakamoto, Mayu Fujihiro, Atsushi Sakamoto, Chika Yamada, Keisuke Nagao, Tetsuya Honda
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anne Cornelissen, Liang Guo, Sam J. Neally, Leah Kleinberg, Ashley Forster, Rajeev Nair, Neel Gadhoke, Saikat Ghosh, Atsushi Sakamoto, Yu Sato, Rika Kawakami, Masayuki Mori, Kenji Kawai, Raquel Fernandez, Armelle Dikongue, Biniyam Abebe, Robert Kutys, Maria Romero, Frank D. Kolodgie, Yvonne Baumer, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Renu Virmani, Aloke Finn
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrei Maiseyeu, Lin Di, Anastasia Ravodina, Alma Barajas-Espinosa, Atsushi Sakamoto, Alice Chaplin, Jixin Zhong, Huiyun Gao, Matthew Mignery, Navneet Narula, Aloke Finn, Sanjay Rajagopalan
Summary: GLP-1R agonists have been shown to lower cardiovascular events and mortality, but their specific effects on atherosclerosis have been unclear. This study demonstrates that targeted agonists of GLP-1R may alleviate vascular inflammation and plaque burden in atherosclerosis, even at low doses. The engineered nanoparticles carrying GLP-1R agonist showed promising results in reducing atherosclerosis, cholesterol, and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in Apoe(-/-) mice.
