Journal
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
Volume 50, Issue 2, Pages 128-142Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14040
Keywords
blindness; community eye health; glaucoma; prevalence; primary open-angle glaucoma
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Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies that cause irreversible visual field loss and blindness. Despite a decrease in blindness caused by glaucoma in recent decades, population growth and aging pose challenges in preventing glaucoma-related morbidities on a global scale. Therefore, innovative approaches are needed to address the difficulties in diagnoses and treatment from a public health perspective.
Glaucoma is a mixed group of optic neuropathies that lead to irreversible visual field loss and blindness if left untreated. It is estimated that 3.5% of the global population aged 40 to 80 years have any glaucoma, being the primary open-angle and the primary angle-closure glaucoma the most prevalent forms. Although the age-standardised prevalence of blindness caused by glaucoma has decreased substantially over the last decades, population growth and ageing impose many challenges in preventing glaucoma-related morbidities on a global level. In addition, difficulties in diagnoses and treatment, along with its chronic and irreversible nature, urge the development and implementation of innovative approaches in confronting the disease. This manuscript reviews recent literature related to the epidemiology of primary glaucomas in adults, the risk factors attributed to the development of the disease, and discuss challenges and potential solutions from a public health perspective.
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