Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ning Liu, Yi Dang, Bin Hu, Man Tian, Hu Jiang, Guixiang Quan, Rong Qiao, Jianqiu Lei, Xiaodong Zhang
Summary: In this study, ternary nanocatalysts were synthesized and their photocatalytic performance was enhanced through calcination. The synthesized catalyst was confirmed to have a composite structure of BN, Fe3O4, and MIL-53(Fe) by XRD and XPS analysis. The BNCFe composite obtained at a calcination temperature of 350 degrees C exhibited the highest catalytic activity.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hui Zeng, Lulu Liu, Dantong Zhang, Ying Wang, Zhenhua Li, Chang Liu, Lei Zhang, Xiaoqiang Cui
Summary: The modification of Fe(III) onto carbon nitride has been shown to enhance the photocatalytic nitrogen fixation, making it a promising strategy for high-efficiency artificial photosynthesis ammonia. This new approach involves narrowing down the carbon nitride intrinsic bandgap and suppressing radiative electron-hole recombination.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shunjiang Huang, Bin Hu, Shuangrun Zhao, Shuai Zhang, Minghua Wang, Qiaojuan Jia, Linghao He, Zhihong Zhang, Miao Du
Summary: A series of Fe-N-C single atom catalysts embedded in the carbon nitride network effectively degrade the organic dye Malachite green, showing enhanced photocatalytic performance. The mesoporous Fe-N-C/CNx hybrids obtained by pyrolysis at 700 degrees Celsius exhibit high removal efficiency towards Malachite green under visible light, with good reproducibility and stability.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tingting Zhang, Linfeng Chen, Ting Jiang, Jianhua Hou, Geshan Zhang, Asif Hussain
Summary: Improving the photocatalytic activity of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) under visible light irradiation remains a challenge. Doping iron ions into BiOCl can enhance its visible light catalytic efficiency, with Bi0.7Fe0.3OCl-450 showing the best performance in degrading Rhodamine B. This method may offer a promising approach for preparing metal-doped BiOCl materials with efficient photocatalytic performance.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yin Zhao, Hong Qin, Ziwei Wang, Han Wang, Yangzhuo He, Quyang Tian, Qianlan Luo, Piao Xu
Summary: In recent years, the use of semiconductor photocatalysts for the degradation of antibiotic contaminants under visible light has gained significant attention. This study successfully synthesized a novel cadmium-doped graphite phase carbon nitride photocatalyst and found that the introduction of cadmium significantly improved the photocatalytic activity. Additionally, the effects of various conditions on the photocatalytic degradation were investigated, and the degradation mechanism was elucidated in detail.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yong Guo, Congcong Yan, Ying Guo, Xin Ji
Summary: The study found that C60/BN synthesized under UV-light irradiation showed the best performance, with the highest adsorption and photodegradation efficiency for TC. It has a larger surface area compared to other materials, making it a promising metal-free photocatalyst.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Mingliang Ge, Xinxiang Li, Mi Zhang, Zhaoming Liu
Summary: A new template, MAG/CN, was developed by thermal polymerization of a mixture of magadiite substrate and melamine, showing improved photocatalytic performance and reusability in degrading TC under visible light. The presence of MAG substrate restrained polycondensation and re-stacking of carbon nitride nanosheets, leading to enhanced light absorption and overall photocatalytic activity. The introduction of cyano groups and increased specific surface area also played a crucial role in the enhanced photocatalytic activity of MAG/CN.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC POLYMERS AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xin Ji, Xiaoran Liu, Yong Guo, Jiankun Zhang
Summary: A series of BN/PDI materials were synthesized and investigated for their adsorption and photodegradation efficiency for TC under visible light, with BNPDI-2-350 showing the highest performance. The composite exhibited good cyclic degradation efficiency and followed the Z-scheme heterojunction mechanism for TC photodegradation. BNPDI-2-350 showed higher photodegradation efficiency compared to TiO2 (P25) and g-C3N4, showing potential for application in sewage treatment.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mingwei Shen, Guoqing Zhang, Jiayou Liu, Yuhang Liu, Jiayuan Zhai, Haochuan Zhang, Hesheng Yu
Summary: In this study, a continuous fixed-bed photoreactor (CFPR) was designed to degrade xanthate residual in mineral beneficiation wastewater. The effects of various parameters on the degradation efficiency were systematically investigated. Optimal conditions were found to have a maximum degradation percentage of 95.40% after 70 minutes of visible light irradiation. A fixed bed reactor model considering surface reaction kinetics and mass transfer constraints was also established. This model accurately estimated the intrinsic kinetic parameters and predicted degradation efficiency with a root-mean-square-error of 4.24%.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiang Liang, Wenhui Feng, Dong Liang, Yan Xu, Xiaoqing Qiu
Summary: A dual-functionalized carbon nitride photocatalyst with hydroxyl/amino and Fe(III) co-grafted has been fabricated to efficiently remove VOCs by enhancing adsorption capacity and regulating molecular oxygen activation. The synergistic effect of grafted functional groups and Fe(III) clusters accelerates carriers' separation in photocatalysis.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Patricia de la Flor, Rafael Camarillo, Fabiola Martinez, Carlos Jimenez, Rafael Quiles, Jesusa Rincon
Summary: In this study, TiO2-based composites were synthesized through supercritical CO2 synthesis, showing uniform coverage of CNT by TiO2 particles. The CNT50/TiO250 composite exhibited the best performance in photocatalytic degradation of the antioxidant BHT, with complete degradation within 30 minutes under visible light. Superoxide radical was identified as the main oxidizing agent in the photocatalytic reaction.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Crissie D. Zanrosso, Sandra M. Miranda, Batuira M. da Costa Filho, Jonathan C. Espindola, Diego Piazza, Vitor J. P. Vilar, Marla A. Lansarin
Summary: The study explored the effects of different preparation treatments on the performance and stability of ZnO-based polymeric composite films. A low ZnO/PVDF ratio, higher wet thickness, and the use of pore-forming agent and compatibilizer were found to be effective strategies for increasing photocatalytic efficiency. However, the composites exhibited deactivation after several minutes of exposure.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fayyaz Mahdipour, Mohammad Rafiee, Babak Kakavandi, Zeynab Khazaee, Farshid Ghanbari, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin, Stanislaw Waclawek, Akbar Eslami, Amin Bagheri
Summary: In this study, oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride was prepared and bismuth oxide nanoparticles were embedded to enhance its photocatalytic activity. The resulting composite showed excellent performance in degrading bisphenol A under visible light irradiation and purifying BPA-laden water samples. Moreover, the composite exhibited good reusability and cost-effective potential for practical applications.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Sudip Chand, Aparna Mondal
Summary: The use of semiconductors to construct composites with g-C3N4 has been proven to be an effective way to enhance its photocatalytic activity. In this study, g-C3N4/ZrO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared by a simple sonication method using synthesized g-C3N4 and hydrothermally synthesized ZrO2 nanoparticles. The g-C3N4/ZrO2 composites showed superior photocatalytic performance compared to raw g-C3N4 and ZrO2, minimizing charge transfer resistance and preventing electron-hole recombination. The band structure was also affected, leading to enhanced visible-light absorption.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Prasenna John, Khairiraihanna Johari, Nirmala Gnanasundaram, Arunagiri Appusamy, Murugesan Thanabalan
Summary: A visible light-driven TiO2/gC(3)N(4) photocatalyst was synthesized for the photodegradation of diclofenac, resulting in significantly improved degradation efficiency. The maximum efficiency reached 93.49%, and the catalyst showed satisfactory recyclability. The reaction followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics and resulted in ten intermediates.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fang Cai, Ting Zhang, Qiong Liu, Pengran Guo, Yongqian Lei, Yi Wang, Fuxian Wang
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiliang Ma, Dongnv Jin, Yancong Li, Dequan Xiao, Gaojie Jiao, Qiong Liu, Yanzhu Guo, Lingping Xiao, Xiaohong Chen, Xinze Li, Jinghui Zhou, Runcang Sun
Summary: The application of photocatalysis in biorefinery is significant for sustainable development, with oxygen atom doped Ut-OCN as an efficient catalyst for lactic acid production. The photocatalyst shows high activity and stability, paving the way for lactic acid production via photocatalysis.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui Cheng, Qiong Liu, Yuwei Diao, Liling Wei, Jianghan Chen, Fuxian Wang
Summary: The study revealed that CoMo2S4 exhibited excellent performance in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, with Mo as the main active site and Co playing a role in improving electrical conductivity. Introducing Co led to electron delocalization in the catalyst, making electron transport easier and enhancing the conductivity of the catalyst.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiong Liu, Hui Cheng, Tianxiang Chen, Tsz Woon Benedict Lo, Jiliang Ma, Anqi Ling, Fuxian Wang
Summary: A highly efficient photocatalyst for CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) is developed in this study, with optimized spatial structure and charge transfer channels for improved efficiency, validated by DFT calculations. Experimental results demonstrate that the modified PCN can efficiently catalyze CO2 reduction to CO with high yield and good selectivity.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hui Cheng, Yuwei Diao, Qiong Liu, Liling Wei, Xunhan Li, Jianghan Chen, Fuxian Wang
Summary: In this study, Ni was successfully intercalated into the framework of MoS2 to create more reactive sites and obtain Ni2Mo6S6O2/MoS2 2D nanosheets, significantly improving the hydrogen evolution performance. By designing di-nuclear synergistic catalysts, a promising avenue is provided for developing Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts through active sites engineering.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiong Liu, Hui Cheng, Tianxiang Chen, Tsz Woon Benedict Lo, Zhangmin Xiang, Fuxian Wang
Summary: This study presents a new strategy for designing carbon nitrides for highly selective and sustainable conversion of CO2 to CH3CHO, achieved through the selective photocatalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to CH3CHO using a modified polymeric carbon nitride under mild conditions.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiawei Li, Liuqing He, Qiong Liu, Yanwei Ren, Huanfeng Jiang
Summary: This article introduces a new strategy to address the reoxidation problem of Pd(II) catalyst by combining photocatalyst and Pd(II) catalyst into a metal-organic framework. The results demonstrate that this method can increase the turnover number of Pd catalyst and improve the efficiency of catalytic reactions by regulating the aggregation and reoxidation processes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinze Li, Qiong Liu, Jiliang Ma, Kangning Liu, Zhendong Liu, Runcang Sun
Summary: The RuP2/Ti4P6O23@TiO2-7 photocatalyst was successfully constructed for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and high selectivity biomass conversion. It exhibited a fast photo-generated carrier rate and wide visible light absorption range due to the in situ incorporated RuP2 and Ti4P6O23. The hydrogen evolution achieved 16.3 mmol g(-1) h(-1) accompanied by lactic acid production.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuang Wu, Qiong Liu, Quanfeng Zhang, Ya Zhou, Meiyan Liu, Youlin Zeng
Summary: In this study, a new Cu(II) catalyst was reported for the efficient amination of various substrates including aryl boronic acids and anilines. The catalyst showed good reusability and high yields of N-arylation products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiong Liu, Jingjun Lin, Hui Cheng, Liling Wei, Fuxian Wang
Summary: A potassium and rubidium co-modified carbon nitride (CN-KRb) was reported for the simultaneous co-photocatalytic CO2 reduction and ethanol oxidation to produce the same product, CH3CHO. The CN-KRb showed record photocatalytic activity and high selectivity, with the involvement of rubidium and potassium. The study confirmed the participation of H+ from ethanol oxidation in the CO2 reduction process, achieving near ideal overall atomic economy. This work provides a new strategy for effective and sustainable conversion of CO2 into the same product through photoexcited electron and hole utilization.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qi-Su Huang, Chengcheng Chu, Qiuju Li, Qiong Liu, Xinru Liu, Jing Sun, Bing-Jie Ni, Shun Mao
Summary: The limited mass transfer of CO2 in water hinders the efficiency of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to intense competition with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To overcome this challenge, researchers decorated the photocatalyst surface with a hydrophobic carbonaceous cocatalyst to construct a three-phase interface. The decorated photocatalyst exhibited significantly improved CO2-to-CH4 activity and elevated CO2RR selectivity. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the hydrophobic microenvironment prevented hydrogen bond formation on the carbonaceous cocatalyst surface. Overall, this study provides a general method to alleviate the CO2 mass transfer limit for accelerated CO2RR in water.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiyi Li, Chao Li, Youxun Xu, Qiong Liu, Mounib Bahri, Liquan Zhang, Nigel D. Browning, Alexander J. Cowan, Junwang Tang
Summary: In this study, Au nanocluster-loaded TiO2 photocatalyst is developed by a sputtering approach, achieving high methane conversion rate and C-2 selectivity. The results demonstrate the importance of multifunctional co-catalysts and mechanistic understanding in improving photocatalytic oxidative coupling of methane.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiong Liu, Hui Cao, Wengang Xu, Jing Li, Qi Zhou, Weijian Tao, Haiming Zhu, Xingzhong Cao, Linxin Zhong, Jiong Lu, Xinwen Peng, Jie Wu
Summary: PCNs are promising heterogeneous photocatalysts for organic transformations due to their metal-free nature, tunable bandgaps, and excellent stability. The synthesized PCN nanosheets with heteroatom doping and vacancies exhibit impressive photoredox catalytic performances, surpassing commonly utilized PCNs in efficiency.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiong Liu, Chengcheng Chen, Kunjie Yuan, Chris D. Sewell, Zhengguo Zhang, Xiaoming Fang, Zhiqun Lin
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinping Zhang, Yuxin Guo, Xiaoyang Liu, Shun-Yu Wu, Ya-Xuan Zhu, Shao-Zhe Wang, Qiu-Yi Duan, Ke-Fei Xu, Zi-Heng Li, Xiao-Yu Zhu, Guang-Yu Pan, Fu-Gen Wu
Summary: This study develops a nanotrigger HCFT for simultaneous photodynamic therapy and light-triggered ferroptosis therapy. The nanotrigger can relieve tumor hypoxia, induce enhanced photodynamic reaction, and facilitate the continuation of Fenton reaction, ultimately leading to lethal ferroptosis in tumor cells.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Olumide Bolarinwa Ayodele, Toyin Daniel Shittu, Olayinka S. Togunwa, Dan Yu, Zhen-Yu Tian
Summary: This study focused on the semihydrogenation of acetylene in an ethylene-rich stream using two alloyed Pt catalysts PtCu and PtCo. The PtCu catalyst showed higher activity and ethylene yield compared to PtCo due to its higher unoccupied Pt d-orbital density. This indicates that alloying Pt with Cu is more promising for industrial relevant SHA catalyst.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Guowei Chen, Wen-Cheng Chen, Yaozu Su, Ruicheng Wang, Jia-Ming Jin, Hui Liang, Bingxue Tan, Dehua Hu, Shaomin Ji, Hao-Li Zhang, Yanping Huo, Yuguang Ma
Summary: This study proposes an intramolecular dual-locking design for organic luminescent materials, achieving high luminescence efficiency and performance for deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes. The material also exhibits unique mechanochromic luminescence behavior and strong fatigue resistance.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Joren van Stee, Gregory Hermans, Jinu Joseph John, Koen Binnemans, Tom Van Gerven
Summary: This work presents a continuous solvent extraction method for the separation of cobalt and nickel in a millifluidic system using Cyphos IL 101 (C101) as the extractant. The optimal conditions for extraction performance and solvent properties were determined by investigating the effects of channel length, flow rate, and temperature. The performance of a developed manifold structure was compared to a single-channel system, and excellent separation results were achieved. The continuous separation process using the manifold structure resulted in high purity cobalt and nickel products.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yan Xu, Jingai Jiang, Xinyi Lv, Hui Li, Dongliang Yang, Wenjun Wang, Yanling Hu, Longcai Liu, Xiaochen Dong, Yu Cai
Summary: A programmed gas release nanoparticle was developed to address the challenges in treating diabetic infected wounds. It effectively removes drug-resistant pathogens and remodels the wound microenvironment using NO and H2S. The nanoparticle can eliminate bacteria and promote wound healing through antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tong Xia, Zhilin Xi, Lianquan Suo, Chen Wang
Summary: This study investigated a highly efficient coal dust suppressant with low initial viscosity and high adhesion-solidification properties. The results demonstrated that the dust suppressant formed a network of multiple hydrogen bonding cross-linking and achieved effective adhesion and solidification of coal dust through various chemical reactions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinzhi Cai, Zhenshan Li
Summary: A density functional theory-based rate equation was developed to predict the gas-solid reaction kinetics of CaO carbonation with CO2 in calcium looping. The negative activation energy of CaO carbonation close to equilibrium was accurately predicted through experimental validation.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianxiong Chen, Fuhao Ren, Ningning Yin, Jie Mao
Summary: This study presents an economically efficient and easily implementable surface modification approach to enhance the high-temperature electrical insulation and energy storage performance of polymer dielectrics. The self-assembly of high-insulation-performance boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) on the film surface through electrostatic interactions effectively impedes charge injection from electrodes while promoting charge dissipation and heat transfer.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zijian Li, Zhaohui Yang, Shao Wang, Hongxia Luo, Zhimin Xue, Zhenghui Liu, Tiancheng Mu
Summary: This study reports a strategy for upgrading polyester plastics into value-added chemicals using electrocatalytic methods. By inducing the targeted transfer of *OH species, polyethylene terephthalate was successfully upgraded into potassium diformate with high purity. This work not only develops an excellent electrocatalyst, but also provides guidance for the design of medium entropy metal oxides.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Navneet Singh Shekhawat, Surendra Kumar Patra, Ashok Kumar Patra, Bamaprasad Bag
Summary: This study primarily focuses on developing a sulphur dyeing process at room temperature using bacterial Lysate, which is environmentally friendly, energy and cost effective, and sustainable. The process shows promising improvements in dye uptake and fastness properties.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dengjia Shen, Hongyang Ma, Madani Khan, Benjamin S. Hsiao
Summary: This study developed cationic PVC nanofibrous membranes with high filtration and adsorption capability for the removal of bacteria and hexavalent chromium ions from wastewater. The membranes demonstrated remarkable performance in terms of filtration efficiency and maximum adsorption capacity. Additionally, modified nanofibrous membranes were produced using recycled materials and showed excellent retention rates in dynamic adsorption processes.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaoyan Wang, Zhikun Wang, Ben Jia, Chunling Li, Shuangqing Sun, Songqing Hu
Summary: Inspired by photosystem II, self-supported Fe-doped NiCoP nanowire arrays modified with carboxylate were constructed to boost industrial-level overall water splitting by employing the concerted proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism. The introduction of Fe and carboxyl ligand led to improved catalytic activity for HER and OER, and NCFCP@NF exhibited long-term durability for overall water splitting.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pengyao Yu, Ge Yang, Yongming Chai, Lubomira Tosheva, Chunzheng Wang, Heqing Jiang, Chenguang Liu, Hailing Guo
Summary: Thin LTA zeolite membranes were prepared through secondary growth of nano LTA seeds in a highly reactive gel, resulting in membranes with superior permeability and selectivity in gas separation applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Baiqin Zhou, Huiping Li, Ziyu Wang, Hui Huang, Yujun Wang, Ruichun Yang, Ranran Huo, Xiaoyan Xu, Ting Zhou, Xiaochen Dong
Summary: The use of machine learning to predict the performance of specific adsorbents in phosphate adsorption shows great promise in saving time and revealing underlying mechanisms. However, the small size of the dataset and insufficient detailed information limits the model training process and the accuracy of results. To address this, the study employs a fuzzing strategy that replaces detailed numeric information with descriptive text messages on the physiochemical properties of adsorbents. This strategy allows the recovery of discarded samples with limited information, leading to accurate prediction of adsorption amount, capacity, and kinetics. The study also finds that phosphate uptake by adsorbents is generally through physisorption, with some involvement of chemisorption. The framework established in this study provides a practical approach for quickly predicting phosphate adsorption performance in urgent scenarios, using easily accessible information.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Paula Alejandra Lamprea Pineda, Joren Bruneel, Kristof Demeestere, Lisa Deraedt, Tex Goetschalckx, Herman Van Langenhove, Christophe Walgraeve
Summary: This study evaluates the use of four esterified fatty acids and three vegetable oils as absorption liquids for hydrophobic VOCs. The experimental results show that isopropyl myristate is the most efficient liquid for absorbing the target VOCs.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)