Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 48, Issue 4, Pages 5289-5298Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.11.072
Keywords
Turtle shell; Hierarchical porous structure; Self-doped; Activated carbon; Supercapacitors
Categories
Funding
- Team Foundation of Design and Application of Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education [KF-18-01]
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In this study, a nanostructured porous activated carbon was successfully prepared from biomass waste turtle shell, exhibiting high specific surface area, pore structure, and heteroatom content. The activated carbon showed ultra-high specific capacitance, excellent energy density, and cycling stability, highlighting its great potential as a sustainable electrode material in the field of electrochemistry.
The turtle shell of biomass waste is used as raw material, and the natural inorganic salt contained in it is used as a salt template in combination with a chemical activation method to successfully prepare a high-performance activated carbon with hierarchical porous structure. The role of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and KOH in different stages of preparation was investigated. The prepared turtle shell-derived activated carbon (TSHC-5) has a welldeveloped honeycomb pore structure, which gives it a high specific surface area (SSA) of 2828 m2 g-1 with a pore volume of 1.91 cm3 g-1. The excellent hierarchical porous structure and high heteroatom content (O 6.88%, N 5.64%) allow it to have an ultra-high specific capacitance of 727.9 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 with 92.27% of capacitance retention even after 10,000 cycles. Excitingly, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled from TSHC-5 activated carbon exhibits excellent energy density and cycling stability in a 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution. The energy density is 45.1 Wh.kg- 1 at a power density of 450 W kg-1, with 92.05% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. Therefore, turtle shell-derived activated carbon is extremely competitive in sustainable new green supercapacitor electrode materials.
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