Journal
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
Volume 41, Issue 1, Pages 17-31Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09996-w
Keywords
Metabolic reprogramming; Cholesterol; Free fatty acids; PUFA; Renal cell carcinoma
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Funding
- NIH/NIDDK [R01DK106540, R01DK124612]
- Office of Vice President for Research of Wayne State University
- Eunice and Milton Ring Endowed Chair for Cancer Research
- NCI [T32-CA009531]
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Metabolic reprogramming is crucial in cancer progression, with lipid metabolism playing a significant role in tumor cell survival. Despite its importance, lipid metabolism remodeling in renal cell carcinoma has not been extensively studied. Understanding the synthesis and metabolism of specific lipids such as cholesterol and fatty acids can provide insights into the pathophysiology of RCC and aid in the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.
Metabolic reprogramming is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Lipids are the essential biomolecules required for membrane biosynthesis, energy storage, and cell signaling. Altered lipid metabolism allows tumor cells to survive in the nutrient-deprived environment. However, lipid metabolism remodeling in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not received the same attention as in other cancers. RCC, the most common type of kidney cancer, is associated with almost 15,000 death in the USA annually. Being refractory to conventional chemotherapy agents and limited available targeted therapy options has made the treatment of metastatic RCC very challenging. In this article, we review recent findings that support the importance of synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol, free fatty acids (FFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the carcinogenesis and biology of RCC. Delineating the detailed mechanisms underlying lipid reprogramming can help to better understand the pathophysiology of RCC and to design novel therapeutic strategies targeting this malignancy.
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