A cross-sectional retrospective study of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in domestic cats, dogs and rabbits in Poland

Background Coronaviruses (CoVs) have long been known to cause infection in domestic and free-living birds and mammals including humans. The zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 and the biological properties of CoVs, including ability to cross interspecies barriers, enable its emergence in populations of various animals, including companion animals (cats, dogs, rabbits) an area requiring further study. To date, several cases of cats and dogs positive for SARS-CoV-2 and/or specific antibodies have been described. The aim of our cross-sectional retrospective study is to determine seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic dog, cat and rabbit population during recent COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Results In total, serum samples from 279 cats and 343 dogs and 29 rabbits were used in the study. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in cats and dogs reached 1.79% (95% CI: 0.77 - 4.13) and 1.17% (95% CI 0.45 - 2.96), respectively (p >= 0.05). Anti- SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 5 cats (mean S/P% 106 +/- 48.23) and 4 dogs (mean S/P% 78.5 +/- 16.58). All 29 samples from rabbits were negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. No significant gender or age differences in seroprevalence in dogs and cats (p >= 0.05) were found. None of the animals with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies displayed respiratory or gastrointestinal signs at the time of sampling. Conclusions Our results confirmed previous findings that SARS-CoV-2 infections in companion animals occurs but are not frequent. Future serological testing of large pet population may provide a comprehensive picture of disease dynamics in companion animals.

Automated summary

The study investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic dog, cat, and rabbit populations in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results showed that the seroprevalence in cats and dogs was 1.79% and 1.17% respectively, while all samples from rabbits were negative. No significant gender or age differences in seroprevalence were found in dogs and cats.