Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jonathan J. Hernandez, Doyle E. Beaty, Logan L. Fruhwirth, Ana P. Lopes Chaves, Neil H. Riordan
Summary: In this study, expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in hUC-MSCs derived from multiple donors was quantified. The results showed that these stem cells had minimal to no expression of ACE2, and low expression of TMPRSS2, which is crucial for designing future therapeutic options for COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hui Zhang, Hong Zhang
Summary: The high infectivity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 have caused the devastating COVID-19 pandemic, leading to enormous loss of life, global economic slump, and psychological damage. Infected pregnant women have been shown to transmit the virus vertically to their fetuses, posing a challenge for disease prevention. Infected neonates and children display milder clinical symptoms and lower fatality rates, highlighting the need for effective treatment options.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Maryam Bayat, Yahya Asemani, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Mahsa Sanaei, Mozhdeh Namvarpour, Reyhaneh Eftekhari
Summary: This review highlights the importance of immunotherapeutic strategies in combating COVID-19, including passive immunotherapies like convalescent plasma and suppressing inflammatory cytokines, as well as the development of potential vaccines. The study emphasizes the need to understand the mechanism of action, potential targets, and effectiveness of immune-based approaches to effectively manage the pandemic.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Rituparna De, Shanta Dutta
Summary: COVID-19 is caused by the highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has a high rate of evolution. Mutations in the virus have led to increased transmissibility and infectivity. Despite the development of various vaccines, there are still side effects and new variants with resistance to vaccines. Research has also shown a link between microbiome dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ioannis P. Trougakos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Evangelos Terpos, Ourania E. Tsitsilonis, Evmorfia Aivalioti, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Efstathios Kastritis, George N. Pavlakis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Summary: The article discusses the two-phase nature of COVID-19, highlighting the characteristics of increased virus transmission and uncontrolled inflammatory immune responses which can lead to severe complications. The focus is on approaches to suppress viral infection rates, activate adaptive immune responses, and mitigate tissue damage and cytokine storms associated with COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dipanjali Dhananjay Kamthe, Swapnil Dilip Sarangkar, Manali Suresh Dalvi, Netra Arun Gosavi, Vandana Sandeep Nikam
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis on the expression of ACE2 in patients with various diseases and found a significant increase in ACE2 expression in all diseases. The levels of ACE2, especially membrane-bound ACE2, were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients. ACE2 expression was also significantly increased in patients with cardiovascular diseases and other viral infections.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Deepak Kumar, Sonam Verma, Indira U. Mysorekar
Summary: As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its third year, increasing evidence shows higher risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, including various complications and potential harm to the fetus. This review examines clinical reports on COVID-19 pregnancy complications, placental pathologies caused by SARS-CoV-2, immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface, and the genomic and proteomic characteristics of the virus. The effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy are also discussed, addressing concerns of pregnant individuals who were not included in vaccine clinical trials.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Periklis Katopodis, Harpal S. Randeva, Demetrios A. Spandidos, Sayeh Saravi, Ioannis Kyrou, Emmanouil Karteris
Summary: The pathophysiology of COVID-19 is highly complex, depending on the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, involving various mediators and miRNAs. Future studies should focus on understanding the cell tropism of these mediators and their impact on clinical outcomes, as well as investigating the clinical utility of miRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Gi-Cheol Park, Hyoun-Wook Lee, Ji-Min Kim, Ji-Min Han, Hye-In Kim, Sung-Chan Shin, Yong-il Cheon, Eui-Suk Sung, Minhyung Lee, Jin-Choon Lee, Dong-Min Shin, Byung-Joo Lee
Summary: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins were not expressed in thyroid follicular cells, but were found in thyroidal pericytes instead. This study indicates that SARS-CoV-2 does not directly infect thyroid follicular cells, suggesting that microcirculatory damage caused by pericyte infection might play a role in COVID-19-related thyroid dysfunction. Further research is needed to explore the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pericytes in relation to thyroid complications.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Gi Cheol Park, Soo-Young Bang, Hyoun Wook Lee, Kyung Un Choi, Ji Min Kim, Sung-Chan Shin, Yong-il Cheon, Eui-Suk Sung, Minhyung Lee, Jin-Choon Lee, Hyung-Sik Kim, Byung-Joo Lee
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of ACE2- and TMPRSS2-expressing cells in various oral tissues and found that SARS-CoV-2 can invade the oral mucosa, taste buds, trigeminal nerve, parotid gland, and microvessels, leading to oral manifestations.
Review
Immunology
Amr Ehab El-Qushayri, Abdullah Reda, Jaffer Shah
Summary: This paper aimed to study the characteristics, laboratory data, and outcomes of monkeypox virus (MPV) and COVID-19 co-infection. Three male patients with multiple comorbid conditions and a history of sexual activity with men prior to infection were diagnosed with PCR and admitted to the hospital. All cases were effectively managed and recovered well during hospitalization. Future investigations with larger sample sizes are needed to establish a definitive cause-effect association between SARS-CoV-2 and MPV co-infection and patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Silvia Martinez-Diz, Carmen Maria Morales-Alvarez, Yarmila Garcia-Iglesias, Juan Miguel Guerrero-Gonzalez, Catalina Romero-Cachinero, Jose Maria Gonzalez-Cabezuelo, Francisco Javier Fernandez-Rosado, Veronica Arenas-Rodriguez, Rocio Lopez-Cintas, Maria Jesus Alvarez-Cubero, Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez
Summary: This study investigates the role of ACE2, AR, MX1, ERG, ETV5, and TMPRSS2 in COVID-19, aiming to classify patients more effectively by understanding the disease mechanisms. The results demonstrate that besides TMPRSS2, higher expression levels of AR are associated with a decreased risk of severe COVID-19 in females. Additionally, functional analysis reveals that ACE2, MX1, and TMPRSS2 are relevant markers in COVID-19.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Saloni Bhatia, Padmini Gokhale, Teesta Katte, Shreeshanthi Acharya, Avinash Arvind Rasalkar, Soumya Vidapanakal, Ram Manas, Sampath Chinnam, Prathibha Narayanan, Ashok Kumar Shettihalli, Vijayakumar Kadappa, Divijendra Natha Reddy Sirigiri
Summary: This study analyzed the expression status of genes related to the infectivity and propagation of SARS-CoV-2 to assess the susceptibility of certain cancer patients to COVID-19 infection and subsequent complications. The findings suggest that patients with specific types of cancer are more at risk for COVID-19, and the genes responsible for severe COVID-19 are highly expressed in various cancer types.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyung Muk Choi, Soo Youn Moon, Hyung In Yang, Kyoung Soo Kim
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a global pandemic. Severe patients lack definitive treatment, only symptomatic drugs are used based on clinician experience. Basic medical researchers are exploring the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer, Daniel Wittschieber, Juliane Sanft, Sandra Kleemann, Stefan Elschner, Karoline Frieda Haupt, Vanessa Vau, Clio Haering, Jurgen Roedel, Andreas Henke, Christina Ehrhardt, Michael Bauer, Mike Philipp, Nikolaus Gassler, Sandor Nietzsche, Bettina Loeffler, Gita Mall
Summary: COVID-19 is a systemic disease, and viral RNA distribution was found in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tissues and organs, with high viral loads in the lungs. This supports the hypothesis of maladaptive host response with viremia and multiorgan dysfunction.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
M. Cesana, L. Vaccaro, M. J. Larsen, M. Kibaek, L. Micale, S. Riccardo, P. Annunziata, C. Colantuono, L. Di Filippo, D. De Brasi, M. Castori, C. Fagerberg, F. Acquaviva, D. Cacchiarelli
Summary: This study applied integrated genomic approaches to identify a novel neuro-pathogenic role for the MAP4K4 gene by analyzing blood samples of two unrelated individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. The study demonstrated the efficacy of exome and transcriptome sequencing in resolving undiagnosed cases.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yada Kunpalin, Simen Vergote, Luc Joyeux, Onur Telli, Anna L. David, Michael Belfort, Paolo De Coppi, Jan Deprest
Summary: A study on commercially available patches used in fetal rabbit models for spina bifida repair found that covering the spinal cord with Duragen or Durepair and closing the skin preserves motor neuron density and reduces the inflammatory response.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Elena Carbognin, Valentina Carlini, Francesco Panariello, Martina Chieregato, Elena Guerzoni, Davide Benvegnu, Valentina Perrera, Cristina Malucelli, Marcella Cesana, Antonio Grimaldi, Margherita Mutarelli, Annamaria Carissimo, Eitan Tannenbaum, Hillel Kugler, Jamie A. Hackett, Davide Cacchiarelli, Graziano Martello
Summary: Carbognin et al. found that ESRRB is essential for the activation of formative genes during the transition of naive embryonic stem cells to a formative state. Inactivation of Esrrb leads to abnormal expression of specific markers and impairs the ability of the cells to self-organize. ESRRB occupies key formative genes in both naive cells and throughout the formative state, kickstarting the formative transition and enabling unbiased multi-lineage differentiation.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Genetics & Heredity
Anna L. David, Rebecca N. Spencer
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
S. Vergote, J. van der Stock, Y. Kunpalin, E. Bredaki, H. Maes, S. Banh, L. De Catte, R. Devlieger, L. Lewi, S. Devroe, R. Spencer, A. David, P. De Vloo, F. Van Calenbergh, J. A. Deprest
Summary: This prospective single-center audit examined the fetal and maternal adverse events following fetal surgery for spina bifida and assessed the impact of patient engagement in collecting follow-up data. The study found that severe complications could occur in both the fetus and the mother after the surgery, but the nature and rate of these complications were similar to those reported in other studies. Patient empowerment and involvement improved the collection of outcome data.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Panariello, Onelia Gagliano, Camilla Luni, Antonio Grimaldi, Silvia Angiolillo, Wei Qin, Anna Manfredi, Patrizia Annunziata, Shaked Slovin, Lorenzo Vaccaro, Sara Riccardo, Valentina Bouche, Manuela Dionisi, Marcello Salvi, Sebastian Martewicz, Manli Hu, Meihua Cui, Hannah Stuart, Cecilia Laterza, Giacomo Baruzzo, Geoffrey Schiebinger, Barbara Di Camillo, Davide Cacchiarelli, Nicola Elvassore
Summary: By utilizing high efficiency reprogramming in microfluidics and temporal multi-omics, distinct sub-populations and their interactions are identified and resolved, revealing the functional protein communication and re-shaping of the extracellular environment during cellular reprogramming.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Urciuolo, Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe, Yixiao Dong, Federica Michielin, Luca Brandolino, Michael Magnussen, Onelia Gagliano, Giulia Selmin, Valentina Scattolini, Paolo Raffa, Paola Caccin, Soichi Shibuya, Dominic Scaglioni, Xuechun Wang, Ju Qu, Marko Nikolic, Marco Montagner, Gabriel L. Galea, Hans Clevers, Monica Giomo, Paolo De Coppi, Nicola Elvassore
Summary: This study develops a hydrogel-in-hydrogel bioprinting approach to dynamically control the growth landscape of three-dimensional cell cultures. The technique enables modulation of hydrogel characteristics to guide neural axon directionality, control cell migration in cancer organoids, and promote cell polarity in liver and small intestinal organoids, as well as control lung tip bifurcation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcella Cesana, Gennaro Tufano, Francesco Panariello, Nicolina Zampelli, Susanna Ambrosio, Rossella De Cegli, Margherita Mutarelli, Lorenzo Vaccaro, Micheal J. Ziller, Davide Cacchiarelli, Diego L. Medina, Andrea Ballabio
Summary: The transcription factor EB (TFEB) is an important regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy and plays a major role in cancer-associated diseases. The nutrient-sensitive kinase complex mTORC1 regulates TFEB at the posttranslational level, but the regulation of TFEB transcription is not well understood. In this study, the immediate-early gene EGR1 was identified as a positive regulator of TFEB expression and its absence impaired TFEB-mediated transcriptional response to starvation. Inhibition of EGR1, either genetically or pharmacologically using the MEK1/2 inhibitor Trametinib, significantly reduced the proliferation of cells with constitutive activation of TFEB, including those from a patient with Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome. This suggests that targeting the EGR1-TFEB axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer-associated conditions with constitutive TFEB activation.
Article
Cell Biology
Hannah Ee Juen Yong, Katarzyna Maksym, Muhammad Ashraf Bin Yusoff, Esteban Salazar-Petres, Tatiana Nazarenko, Alexey Zaikin, Anna L. David, Sara L. Hillman, Amanda N. Sferruzzi-Perri
Summary: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study explores the relationship between placental structure and function in healthy and FGR pregnancies through predictive modeling. The findings provide new insights into the etiology of FGR.
Article
Developmental Biology
Nada Mufti, Joanna Chappell, Patrick O'Brien, George Attilakos, Hassna Irzan, Magda Sokolska, Priya Narayanan, Trevor Gaunt, Paul D. Humphries, Premal Patel, Elspeth Whitby, Eric Jauniaux, J. Ciaran Hutchinson, Neil J. Sebire, David Atkinson, Giles Kendall, Sebastien Ourselin, Tom Vercauteren, Anna L. David, Andrew Melbourne
Summary: The study investigates the use of super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) MRI to improve placental assessment and predict adverse maternal outcomes. The results show that SRR imaging and paired imaging can enhance the detection of pathological MRI markers, aiding in surgical planning.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Biswajoy Bagchi, Priyankan Datta, Carmen Salvadores Fernandez, Priya Gupta, Shireen Jaufuraully, Anna L. L. David, Dimitrios Siassakos, Adrien Desjardins, Manish K. K. Tiwari
Summary: This study presents a flexible and cost-effective triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using oxidation-resistant pure copper nanowires as electrodes. The device demonstrated stable performance with an impressive open circuit voltage of 200 V and power density of 10.67 W m(-2). It is robust, flexible, transparent, and non-cytotoxic, making it promising for various energy harvesting and advanced healthcare applications.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Rachel L. Sagar, Lilian Walther-Jallow, Cecilia Gotherstrom, Magnus Westgren, Anna L. David
Summary: The maternal and fetal safety of In utero stem cell transplantation (IUSCT) was investigated. A systematic review found that the acute fetal complication rate of IUSCT was 4.5% per procedure. Maternal adverse events and pregnancy outcomes have been poorly reported.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2023)