Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ashutosh Agarwal, Young-Tae Jo, Jeong-Hun Park
Summary: The study found that the simultaneous effect of microwave-ultrasound irradiations significantly increased the bio-oil yield from Kraft lignin depolymerization by reducing the repolymerization of reaction intermediates. This led to a higher quality and quantity of bio-oil compared to the individual microwave and ultrasound irradiation processes.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenliang Wang, Jiale Huang, Yishuai Fu, Weikun Jiang, Yutong Chen, Yujun Ma, Sizhe Han
Summary: In this study, a 3D porous Fe-MoS2/CMF catalyst with nanoflower microstructure was successfully synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method, which effectively improved the yield of target monophenols and enhanced the economic competitiveness of lignin valorization. Experimental results revealed that Fe doping increased the efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction and promoted the cleavage of the beta-O-4 ether bond, in line with theoretical calculations. Finite element simulation also demonstrated that the Fe-MoS2/CMF catalysts can create hot spots on the surface to enhance the local thermal effect, facilitating the lignin vapor reforming.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Peng Zeng, Ying-Hong Xu, Ming -Fei Li
Summary: Formic acid (FA) was used to reductively depolymerize industrial corncob lignin via the ethanol and Pt/C system. The highest bio-oil yield of 71.4% was achieved at 260 degrees C with an FA/lignin ratio of 8 for 0.5 h. The bio-oil consisted of oligomers (MW within 600 Da) and lignin depolymerized fragments (MW beyond 600 Da). The study emphasizes the importance of reaction temperature in determining the properties of bio-oil and highlights the potential to increase the amount of alkylphenols in bio-oil through appropriate temperature and retention time adjustments. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the future upgrading of bio-oil to biofuels and aromatic chemicals.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ningning Zhou, Jie Yang, Xin Lu, Zhong Xin, Chunbao Xu, Quan (Sophia) He
Summary: The amount of formic acid is crucial in influencing product yields. Acidic extraction conditions benefit product recovery and improve product quality.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Martin Camus, Olivia Condassamy, Frederique Ham-Pichavant, Christelle Michaud, Sergio Mastroianni, Gerard Mignani, Etienne Grau, Henri Cramail, Stephane Grelier
Summary: This work describes an efficient 3-step process for the chemical modification and purification of lignin oligomers from industrial alkaline lignin. The oxidative depolymerization of alkaline lignin without the use of metal catalyst led to the production of two fractions of lignin oligomers - 'precipitated lignin' and 'hydrosoluble lignin', characterized with various methods including NMR spectroscopy, SEC, and FTIR. The processes of oxygen and air showed scalable results with similar yields and functionalization.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yannan Wang, Lianghuan Wei, Qidong Hou, Zhixin Mo, Xujun Liu, Weizun Li
Summary: Lignin is a natural aromatic material obtained from lignocellulosic biomass, and its valorization has gained increasing attention. The catalytic depolymerization of lignin into valuable chemicals and biofuels is a promising approach, but the complexity and stability of lignin structure pose challenges. A review of the current status of catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin focuses on solvents and catalysts, examining their effects on the depolymerization process and discussing challenges and prospects.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mingxing Zhao, Jun Hu, Ping Lu, Shiliang Wu, Chao Liu, Yahui Sun
Summary: Efficient conversion of lignin-derived bio-oils to cycloalkanes was achieved using bifunctional RuCoWx/NC catalyst prepared by in situ pyrolysis method. The catalyst exhibited excellent hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) activity towards 4-propylguaiacol and rice husk bio-oil, leading to high yields of propylcyclohexane and hydrocarbons, respectively. The stability of RuCoW0.03/NC catalyst was also confirmed after four cycles.
Review
Polymer Science
Chaoqun Zhang, Junqi Xue, Xiangyu Yang, Yanzi Ke, Rongxian Ou, Yang Wang, Samy A. Madbouly, Qingwen Wang
Summary: Replacing petroleum-based products with inexpensive, biorenewable, natural materials is essential for sustainable development and will make a significant impact on the polymer industry and the environment. Biorenewable plant phenols, with their unique structures and abundance, are of great industrial significance.
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shukla Neha, Neelancherry Remya
Summary: This study investigated the co-pyrolysis of food waste and low-density polyethylene using various microwave susceptors, with silica gel producing the highest bio-oil yield and cement producing the highest quality bio-oil. Upgrading of bio-oil properties is necessary to meet biodiesel standards.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zahid Ullah, Muzammil Khan, Salman Raza Naqvi, Wasif Farooq, Haiping Yang, Shurong Wang, Dai-Viet N. Vo
Summary: A novel genetic algorithm-based feature selection approach was used in this study to predict bio-oil yield using four different machine learning methods. The findings suggested that Random Forest model performed the best and was able to reliably predict bio-oil yield. The research provided new insights into the pyrolysis process of biomass and offered a new approach to improve bio-oil yield.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Wang, Wenbiao Xu, Dan Zhang, Xiangyu Li, Junyou Shi
Summary: Developing renewable biomass resources is urgent to mitigate climate change. Lignin, the only renewable aromatic feedstock found in nature, has gained global interest for its conversion and utilization. However, the complex structure of lignin, uncertain linkages, stability of side chains, and recondensation of reaction fragments make lignin depolymerization into biofuels or platform chemicals a challenging task. Therefore, understanding the structural characteristics and reactivity relationships is crucial for the high-value utilization of lignin. This review summarizes the key achievements in lignin conversion and discusses the influence of beta-O-4 content, S/G ratio, lignin sources, and an ideal lignin-catechyl lignin on the formation of lignin monomer products, as well as provides insights into the future direction of lignin depolymerization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ke Yang, Kai Wu, Huiyan Zhang
Summary: This study aims to predict the yield and oxygen content of bio-oil using machine learning tools, with the Random Forest algorithm showing successful results. The Proximate-Yield model and Ultimate-O model exhibit the best performance in predicting bio-oil yield and oxygen content, respectively. Feature importance analysis highlights the significance of heating rate in predicting bio-oil yield, and the internal information of biomass in predicting bio-oil oxygen content over pyrolysis conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Dongpo He, Jingyu Xu, Yanzhu Guo, Mengtian Yu, Qingyu Wang, Jinghui Zhou, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents a novel and efficient hydrogenolysis process for the selective decomposition of peanut shell lignin. With an optimized catalyst, high yield of lignin oil was obtained without an external hydrogen source, and the degradation of interunit linkages was observed.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiubing Zhang, Yuanyuan Ge, Zhili Li
Summary: This work proposes a green, practical, and economic strategy for the catalytic depolymerization of lignin using water as a solvent and in situ conversion of geopolymer precursor to hierarchical zeolite. The in situ-converted hierarchical analcime zeolite showed excellent catalytic performance in lignin depolymerization, producing high yields of monophenols. These monophenols, which are rich in -OH groups, can be used as substitutes for petroleum resources in the synthesis of bio-polyurethane foams and other high-value chemicals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tim Croes, Abhishek Dutta, Robin De Bie, Korneel Van Aelst, Bert Sels, Bart Van der Bruggen
Summary: Organic solvent nanofiltration membranes were used to fractionate birch derived RCF lignin oil. The silicon-based membranes from Borsig and Evonik showed the best performance in separating lignin into different functional fractions, with monomer separation factors up to 7.4 and a permeate fraction with 88% phenolic monomer purity. Furthermore, batch diafiltration and two-stage filtration increased the separation factor to 25.4 and the monomer purity of the permeate to 95%.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abraham Castro Garcia, Shuo Cheng, Jeffrey S. Cross
Summary: Japan's northernmost prefecture, Hokkaido, has untapped wind power potential that could be harnessed for green hydrogen production. The study examines the integration of converting Kraft lignin into bio-oil with green hydrogen production, calculating the economic feasibility and wind power capacity required. Discussions also include the integration of green hydrogen with other processes in Japan and other regions, outlining potential benefits and challenges from an energy policy perspective.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Takahiro Kobori, Kunio Yoshikawa, Tamer M. Ismail, T. M. Yasser, Abraham Castro Garcia, Kiryu Kanazawa, Fumitake Takahashi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of electron injection on pyrolysis of PP and cellulose. The results showed that electron injection promoted the pyrolysis of both PP and cellulose, leading to reduced tar generation. This effect may be attributed to the production of highly reactive oxygen species, activation of hydration reactions, and formation of hydrocarbon radicals.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Abraham Castro Garcia, Shuo Cheng, Jeffrey S. Cross
Summary: The consumption of fossil fuels is a significant driver of climate change. Lignin derived from biomass is being increasingly studied as a carbon-neutral raw material for fuel production. Gasification of biomass, specifically lignin, shows promise in producing syngas and heat for various applications. This review examines the existing research on lignin gasification and compares it to other thermochemical processes. The analysis suggests that while lignin gasification may gain importance in the near future for hydrogen production, its potential lies in utilizing its chemical compounds for emerging applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abraham Castro Garcia, Phoebe Lim Ching, Richard H. Y. So, Shuo Cheng, Sasipa Boonyubol, Jeffrey S. Cross
Summary: Machine learning modeling is used to predict the final higher heating value (HHV) and Delta HHV for the conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks to bio-oil (BO) and BO upgrading. The results show that process temperature and reaction time have significant impacts on the predictions, while the elemental composition of the feedstock or BO also plays a role. However, the solvent used, initial moisture concentration in BO, and catalyst active phase have low predicting power within the context of the data set used. The findings of this study can guide the development of minimum reporting guidelines for future studies and facilitate the application of machine learning.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abraham Castro Garcia, Shuo Cheng, Jeffrey S. Cross
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)