Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaozhuang Zhuang, Ziyu Gan, Kehui Cen, Yuping Ba, Fan Chen, Dengyu Chen
Summary: The study investigated the production of biochar by co-pyrolysis of heavy bio-oil and apricot shell, finding that co-pyrolysis had a synergistic effect on improving the mass yield and fuel quality of biochar. Furthermore, the C/H ratio of biochar increased with higher pyrolysis temperature, residence time, and percentage of heavy bio-oil, indicating enhanced aromaticity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaozhuang Zhuang, Ziyu Gan, Dengyu Chen, Kehui Cen, Yuping Ba, Dongxia Jia
Summary: A novel method for high yield and high calorific value syngas production has been proposed through co-pyrolysis of light bio-oil leached bamboo and heavy bio-oil. The results showed that the synergistic effect during the co-pyrolysis led to a higher gas yield and a higher content of combustible gases, resulting in high-quality syngas enriched in H-2 and CO.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaozhuang Zhuang, Ziyu Gan, Dengyu Chen, Kehui Cen, Yuping Ba, Dongxia Jia
Summary: The quality and yield of bio-oil can be improved by co-pyrolysis of heavy bio-oil and bamboo pretreated by light bio-oil leaching. Under the optimal co-pyrolysis conditions, the highest yield and heating value of bio-oil were obtained. Furthermore, the relative contents of phenols and hydrocarbons increased while that of acids decreased in the bio-oil produced by copyrolysis. Predictive models for bio-oil yield and properties were established, providing a foundation for the preparation and utilization of bio-oils.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zakari Boubacar Laouge, Cantekin Corbacioglu, Hasan Merdun
Summary: This study investigated the optimum process conditions for high yield and quality bio-oil production from greenhouse vegetable wastes through fast pyrolysis, using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were determined as a particle size of 1.5 mm, a reaction temperature of 400 degrees C, and a nitrogen gas flow rate of 300 mL min(-1). GC-MS analysis of the bio-oil sample under these conditions indicated an abundance of hydrocarbon and acid contents.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Mingyang Zan, Xue Wang, Aibibai Amuti, Zhanzhong Wang, Leping Dang
Summary: The study optimized the saponification reaction of PSO using Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology, achieving the highest yield and determining the kinetic parameters of the reaction. This work provides valuable insights for industrial production of PSO fatty acid products.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiashun Hu, Xuanying Chen, Xiaoxue Yang, Ruosong Li, Le Wu
Summary: As bio-energy is the only carbon-containing renewable energy source, its development and utilization are crucial to addressing the energy crisis and the greenhouse effect. In order to reduce the production cost of bio-fuels, bio-oil derived from biomass and algae can be co-processed with vacuum gas oil in an existing catalytic cracking unit, resulting in the production of gasoline and diesel products with renewable carbon. Techno-economic analysis revealed that the co-processing scenario involving hydrothermal liquefaction provided a clear economic advantage.
Article
Thermodynamics
Guiying Xu, Shan Wang, Xinghui Cai, Jiangnan Mei, Haojun Zou, Li Zhang, Haifeng Qian
Summary: This research investigates the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and wheat straw. The effects of mix ratio and interactions between SS and WS were studied using TG and fixed bed. The mix ratio, N2 flow rate, and pyrolysis temperature were examined for fixed bed pyrolysis, and the response surface method was applied to optimize the process. Increasing the WS ratio reduces pyrolysis residual rate, and there were substantial interactions between 200 and 400 degrees during co-pyrolysis. The syngas and bio-oil yields in fixed bed pyrolysis were mainly affected by N2 flow rate and pyrolysis temperature.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rajnish Kumar Singh, Trilok Patil, Deeksha Pandey, Ashish N. Sawarkar
Summary: Thermogravimetric analysis, characterization, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses were conducted on mustard oil residue, revealing a statistically insignificant variation in activation energy and a pyrolytic temperature range of 234 to 417 degrees C. The study predicted reaction mechanisms and showed that endothermicity increased with conversion.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Payam Ghorbannezhad, Nesa Soleymani, Maryam Abbasi
Summary: This study aims to produce N-doped biochar by co-pyrolysis of nutrient-rich household and horticultural wastes and provide optimal conditions for production. The results showed that the ratio of household to horticultural wastes had the most critical effect on the biochar yield. The optimum N-doped biochar yield of 26% was achieved at a household-to-horticultural waste ratio of 1.5 without using a catalyst. Additionally, adding household waste significantly increased bio-oil yield, while increasing the catalyst amount raised gas yield and horticultural waste favored biochar formation.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xikui Zhang, Zhaosheng Yu, Xiaoluan Lu, Xiaoqian Ma
Summary: This study investigated the kinetic behavior and products of the co-pyrolysis of chili straw and polypropylene under different conditions. Results showed that adding HZSM-5 increased the aromatic hydrocarbons in the product and decreased the residual mass, while microwave pretreatment at higher power levels reduced oxygenated composition and increased weight loss rate peak, with a decrease in activation energy.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pei Wu, Xia Zhang, Jing Wang, Jia Yang, Xuanwei Peng, Li Feng, Bo Zu, Yudong Xie, Mengke Li
Summary: The study optimized the bio-oil production from Salvinia auriculata and Ulva lactuca by response surface methodology, showing higher bio-oil yield from Ulva lactuca and longer hydrocarbon chain length in bio-oil from Salvinia auriculata.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nilutpal Bhuyan, Rumi Narzari, Satyabrat Malla Bujar Baruah, Rupam Kataki
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of thermochemical conversion of an unexplored weed biomass, Tithonia diversifolia, for bio-oil production. The predictive ability of artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface model (RSM) was compared, and it was found that ANN outperformed RSM in predicting bio-oil yield.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nabajit Dev Choudhury, Nilutpal Bhuyan, Neonjyoti Bordoloi, Nabajyoti Saikia, Rupam Kataki
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using coir pith as a low-cost feedstock for bio-fuel and chemical production. Through thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis experiments, optimal conditions were identified and validated. The results suggest that coir pith is a suitable feedstock for energy conversion and value-added chemicals.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shukla Neha, Neelancherry Remya
Summary: This study investigated the microwave co-pyrolysis of food waste and low-density polyethylene to optimize operating parameters for maximum bio-oil yield with low total acid number. Addition of LDPE improved bio-oil yield and quality, with identified compounds suitable for various energy applications. The energy consumption analysis showed a requirement of 13.11 kWh/kg for bio-oil production.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dongyu Chen, Jing Wang, Shun Li, Yide Liu, Xiaojian Zhu, Jin Li, Ting Zhang, Fanbin Meng, Weisheng Niu, Yueyang Liu, Qing Sun
Summary: The effects of acid washing, torrefaction, and a combination of acid washing and torrefaction pretreatment on millet straw and millet bran were investigated. Acid washing pretreatment significantly affected the physicochemical properties of the materials, while torrefaction pretreatment had a significant effect on the fuel characteristics. The combination of acid washing and torrefaction pretreatment was found to improve the higher heating value and quality of bio-oil.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmad Nawaz, Bineeta Singh, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: This study prepared chemically modified biochar from waste biomass (Lagerstroemia speciosa) seed hull and utilized it as an adsorbent for removing toxic Cr(VI) in batch adsorption process. The chemically modified biochar exhibited high surface area and low pore size, making it an effective adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahmad Nawaz, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: This study aims to understand the pyrolysis kinetic behavior of biomass after hydrothermal carbonization and torrefaction, with enhanced fuel properties. Various characterization techniques were used to investigate the reaction mechanisms of pyrolysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ahmad Nawaz, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: The present study aims to characterize the physicochemical properties of 3LFM and evaluate the performance of pyrolysis method, while using an artificial neural network to forecast thermal deterioration data. The results demonstrate that pyrolysis can effectively dispose of 3LFM and produce energy products.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmad Nawaz, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: The thermocatalytic pyrolysis of SB biomass in a cylindrical-shaped pyrolyzer yielded renewable fuel and chemicals. The response surface methodology was used to optimize important process parameters. The pyrolysis experiments at different catalyst to biomass ratios showed that normal pyrolysis had a higher bio-oil yield (42.53 wt %) compared to catalytic pyrolysis (40.71 wt %) at a 1:9 C/B ratio. The use of catalyst reduced bio-oil yield but improved fuel characteristics. FTIR analysis and GCMS results confirmed the presence of different functional groups and increased hydrocarbons in catalytic bio-oil. Furthermore, the characterization of biochar showed its potential for various industrial and agricultural applications.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ahmad Nawaz, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the thermal degradation kinetics of potato stalk using an isoconversional technique and mathematical deconvolution approach. The results showed the average activation energy values for different components of potato stalk and demonstrated the correlation between real and anticipated values through an artificial neural network. These findings are crucial for developing pyrolysis reactors that can utilize waste biomass for bioenergy production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmad Nawaz, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: The current study explored the impact of different hydrothermal carbonization temperatures (180, 230, and 280 degrees C) on the fuel properties, kinetics, thermodynamics, and reaction mechanism of sunflower stalks. The hydrochars obtained at different temperatures were pyrolyzed in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at varying heating rates. Characterization methods such as FTIR, FE-SEM, and XRD were used to examine the changes in functional groups, surface morphology, and crystallinity. The findings can be applied to the development and design of pyrolysis reactors for clean biofuel generation from sunflower stalks.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahmad Nawaz, Bineeta Singh, Ranjeet Kumar Mishra, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: This study aims to increase the bio-oil yield of water chestnut peels (WCP) by optimizing experimental conditions and process parameters for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process was conducted in a stainless steel reactor and kinetic analysis was performed using model-free techniques. The thermal degradation profile was measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer and Gas Chromatography was used to study non-condensable gases. The results showed the highest bio-oil yield at specific temperature, heating rate, and bed height, and the suitability of biochar for industrial applications was confirmed through its characterization.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ahmad Nawaz, Bineeta Singh, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: The adsorption behavior of Cr (VI) onto raw and modified Sterculia Alata nutshell has been studied, revealing the optimum process parameters and adsorption characteristics, as well as confirming the applicability of pseudo second order kinetics.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
