Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Samuel K. Grunblatt, Nicholas Saunders, Meng Sun, Ashley Chontos, Melinda Soares-Furtado, Nora Eisner, Filipe Pereira, Thaddeus Komacek, Daniel Huber, Karen Collins, Gavin Wang, Chris Stockdale, Samuel N. Quinn, Rene Tronsgaard, George Zhou, Grzegorz Nowak, Hans J. Deeg, David R. Ciardi, Andrew Boyle, Malena Rice, Fei Dai, Sarah Blunt, Judah Van Zandt, Corey Beard, Joseph M. Akana Murphy, Paul A. Dalba, Jack Lubin, Alex Polanski, Casey Lynn Brinkman, Andrew W. Howard, Lars A. Buchhave, Ruth Angus, George R. Ricker, Jon M. Jenkins, Bill Wohler, Robert F. Goeke, Alan M. Levine, Knicole D. Colon, Chelsea X. Huang, Michelle Kunimoto, Avi Shporer, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Roland K. Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn
Summary: We present the discovery of three hot Jupiters orbiting evolved stars, showing a complex relationship between planet inflation and orbital properties. These findings provide new insights into planet formation and atmospheric evolution.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
G. Ramos-Larios, J. A. Toala, J. B. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, M. A. Guerrero, V. M. A. Gomez-Gonzalez
Summary: The analysis of MUSE observations of the planetary nebula IC 4406 reveals the presence of five ring-like structures and provides insights into their physical conditions and ionization state.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. A. Toala, P. Jimenez-Hernandez, J. B. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, S. Estrada-Dorado, M. A. Guerrero, V. M. A. Gomez-Gonzalez, G. Ramos-Larios, D. A. Garcia-Hernandez, H. Todt
Summary: The study found that carbon-rich dust in the born-again planetary nebulae A30 and A78 is spatially coincident with H-poor ejecta and coexists with hot X-ray-emitting gas. Models were established around CSPN, predicting dust temperatures five times lower than previous estimates, and allowing for estimation of dust mass and mass-loss rate based on gas and dust properties.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Elias Aydi, Shazrene Mohamed
Summary: We present 3D hydrodynamic models of the interaction between the outflows of evolved, pulsating, Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars and nearby substellar companions. Our models show that resonances between the orbital period of the companion and the pulsation period of the AGB star can lead to the formation of multiple spiral structures. The gravitational potential of the companion also enhances the mass-loss from the AGB star. These findings have implications for observing these structures with high-resolution instruments and finding substellar companions around bright, evolved stars.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Philippe Z. Yao, Eliot Quataert, Andy Goulding
Summary: Many double white dwarf mergers do not result in immediate thermonuclear explosions. The survivors of these mergers, particularly those involving double Carbon-Oxygen white dwarfs, can be observed for approximately 10,000 years and appear similar to massive white dwarfs evolving from extreme AGB stars. Detecting these merger remnants is easiest in galaxies with high-stellar masses and low star formation rates. Identifying them photometrically is challenging as they resemble He stars and post-outburst classical novae, but their unusual surrounding photoionized nebulae could be a promising technique for detection.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fan Liu, Bertram Bitsch, Martin Asplund, Bei-Bei Liu, Michael T. Murphy, David Yong, Yuan-Sen Ting, Sofia Feltzing
Summary: The study found subtle abundance differences in four out of seven binary systems, with two of them hosting planets. The other three binary systems showed abundance differences correlated with condensation temperature. There was no clear relation found between abundance differences and the occurrence of known planets. The study also discovered a weak correlation between abundance differences and binary separation, providing a new constraint on the formation of binary systems.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yael Naze, Gregor Rauw, Eric Gosset
Summary: This study analyzed high-cadence space photometry data of a sample of evolved massive stars taken by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), including 26 Wolf-Rayet stars and eight luminous blue variables. Red noise was detected in all cases, and coherent variability was found in 20% of the WR sample, with most detections happening at moderately high frequency. This work doubles the number of WRs known to exhibit high-frequency signals.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aida Behmard, Jason Sevilla, Jim Fuller
Summary: Planet engulfment can be inferred from enhancement of refractory elements in the photosphere of the engulfing star. The strength and duration of the engulfment signatures were quantified using stellar models, showing that thermohaline mixing dominates during the first 5-45 Myr post-engulfment. It may be difficult to observe engulfment signatures in solar-like stars that are several Gyr old.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Kourniotis, M. Kraus, O. Maryeva, M. Borges Fernandes, G. Maravelias
Summary: In this study, we use FEROS to revise the temperature and luminosity of eight hypergiants and determine their evolutionary state. The A-type stars are in their early post-main-sequence phase, while the FG-type stars exhibit enhanced atmospheric activity. Additionally, we identify important phenomena such as double-peaked emission and a mass-loss event.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Z. Celik Orhan, M. Yildiz, C. Kayhan
Summary: Asteroseismology using space-based telescopes is crucial for understanding stellar structure and evolution. By analyzing data from observations of 15 evolved solar-like oscillating stars, precise determination of fundamental stellar parameters was achieved through constructing interior models and fitting reference frequencies. The study revealed that fitting reference frequencies typically increased the accuracy of asteroseismic radius, mass, and age, with uncertainties of mass and radius around 3-6% and 1-2% respectively.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Attila Moor, Peter Abraham, Agnes Kospal, Kate Y. L. Su, George H. Rieke, Krisztian Vida, Gianni Cataldi, Attila Bodi, Zsofia Bognar, Borbala Cseh, Geza Csornyei, Nora Egei, Aniko Farkas, Otto Hanyecz, Bernadett Ignacz, Csilla Kalup, Reka Konyves-Toth, Levente Kriskovics, Laszlo Meszaros, Andras Pal, Andras Ordasi, Krisztian Sarneczky, Balint Seli, Adam Sodor, Robert Szakats, Jozsef Vinko, Gabriella Zsidi
Summary: This research presents the variability of an extreme debris disc around TYC 4209-1322-1 based on continuous photometric monitoring. The study suggests that the disc experienced significant changes in the last four decades, especially between 2014 and 2018, which can be attributed to a giant collision. The analysis also implies a similar-scale collision might have occurred around 2010, and the dust production events observed 40 years ago could be a result of an even more catastrophic collision.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Akanksha Khandelwal, Priyanka Chaturvedi, Abhijit Chakraborty, Rishikesh Sharma, Eike W. Guenther, Carina M. Persson, Malcolm Fridlund, Artie P. Hatzes, Neelam J. S. S. Prasad, Massimiliano Esposito, Sireesha Chamarthi, Ashirbad Nayak, Dishendra, Steve B. Howell
Summary: In this study, the discovery of a hot Jupiter, TOI-1789 b, is reported. The planetary system reveals interesting features, such as a slightly evolved host star and an inflated hot Jupiter. The findings contribute to our understanding of planetary evolution around evolved stars and the mechanisms responsible for the inflation of hot Jupiters.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zeynep Celik Orhan
Summary: The Kepler space telescope has provided data for asteroseismic analysis on evolved star ensembles, with this study analyzing and modeling eight solar-like oscillating evolved stars in the open cluster NGC 6811. The study used observational asteroseismic and non-asteroseismic constraints to obtain fundamental stellar parameters and constructed stellar interior models using the MESA evolution code. The stellar masses, radius ranges, and ages obtained were compared to those from other methods, showing compatibility with previous literature on NGC 6811.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
G. Buldgen, G. Ottoni, C. Pezzotti, A. Lyttle, P. Eggenberger, S. Udry, D. Segransan, A. Miglio, M. Mayor, C. Lovis, Y. Elsworth, G. R. Davies, W. H. Ball
Summary: This study compares and discusses various seismic modeling techniques for exoplanet-host red giant stars observed by TESS. The results show that these techniques can be used to determine the masses of exoplanet-host red giants, and no engulfment or migration is observed for these systems.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Graham A. McCulloch, Joseph Guhlin, Ludovic Dutoit, Thomas W. R. Harrop, Peter K. Dearden, Jonathan M. Waters
Summary: The study compared genomic data of lowland and alpine stonefly ecotypes from two independent alpine stream populations in New Zealand, revealing repeated alpine adaptations on the genetic level. Candidate genes associated with insect wing development, fecundity, and lifespan were identified as potential contributors to the observed adaptations, indicating a potential role of these genes in repeated alpine evolution.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sarah Pearson, Susan E. Clark, Alexis J. Demirjian, Kathryn Johnston, Melissa K. Ness, Tjitske K. Starkenburg, Benjamin F. Williams, Rodrigo A. Ibata
Summary: Stellar streams from globular clusters provide important information for understanding the nature of dark matter. In this study, we develop the Hough Stream Spotter (HSS) algorithm to detect and analyze the stream-like structures in the stellar halo of M31. We successfully identify and characterize 27 linear stream candidates using the PAndAS photometric data. The results show that significant detections exhibit stronger signals in color-magnitude diagrams than non-stream detections. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capability of the HSS to detect globular cluster streams in future surveys with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bridget L. Ratcliffe, Melissa K. Ness, Tobias Buck, Kathryn Johnston, Bodhisattva Sen, Leandro Beraldo E. Silva, Victor P. Debattista
Summary: This study explores the link between the chemical abundances of stars and their origins in the Milky Way disk using cosmological simulations. The results show that groups of chemically similar stars have different birth places and ages. However, some formation paths lead to age dispersions that are inconsistent with observations. Overall, abundance clustering is a promising approach for studying the history of our Galaxy.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Morgan MacLeod, Antonija Oklopcic
Summary: Atmospheric escape from close-in exoplanets plays a crucial role in shaping observed planetary populations. Recent progress has been made in studying this process through observations of excess absorption and light curve variations. The interaction between planetary winds and stellar winds depends on the ram pressure balance. The resulting transmission spectra and light curves can provide valuable insights into the wind-wind interaction.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Adam J. Wheeler, Matthew W. Abruzzo, Andrew R. Casey, Melissa K. Ness
Summary: We introduce Korg, a new software package for 1D LTE spectral synthesis, which calculates theoretical spectra from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared and implements both plane-parallel and spherical radiative transfer. We provide an overview of the inputs and internals of Korg and compare synthetic spectra from Korg with those from Moog, Turbospectrum, and SME. The inconsistencies between Korg and the other codes are similar in magnitude to the inconsistencies among the other codes, suggesting that the discrepancies are substantial for all codes. We investigate the case of a C-2 band and find that uncertainties in physical inputs contribute significantly to the disagreements.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andreia Carrillo, Melissa K. Ness, Keith Hawkins, Robyn E. Sanderson, Kaile Wang, Andrew Wetzel, Matthew A. Bellardini
Summary: Through simulations, we have found that there are correlations between several element abundances and age in the low-alpha disk of the Milky Way. These correlations have unique slopes and small scatters, similar to the observations. However, there are slight differences in the relation for carbon, oxygen, and calcium. The simulations also reveal a metallicity-dependent scatter, with higher scatter in the inner galaxy where stars are older and formed in less homogeneous environments.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bridget L. Ratcliffe, Melissa K. Ness
Summary: Chemical abundances of Milky Way disk stars serve as empirical tracers of its enrichment history. By analyzing the abundance distributions conditioned on specific supernovae contributions, this study quantifies the evolution of individual abundances across the present-day Galactic radius. The findings highlight the significance of neutron-capture and light elements in tracing the enrichment history, while also revealing structured variations with [Fe/H] in low-alpha sequence. These results provide insights into the magnitude and complexity of Galactic radial enrichment history, as well as constraints for chemical evolution models.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Renzo, E. Zapartas, S. Justham, K. Breivik, M. Lau, R. Farmer, M. Cantiello, B. D. Metzger
Summary: Common envelope (CE) evolution plays a critical role in the formation of compact binaries, including gravitational-wave sources. The rejuvenation of the accretor star during the first stable mass transfer decreases the energy required to eject a CE by a significant amount. This finding suggests that binaries experiencing first stable mass transfer may have wider final separations than currently predicted.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessandro Ballone, Guglielmo Costa, Michela Mapelli, Morgan MacLeod, Stefano Torniamenti, Juan Manuel Pacheco-Arias
Summary: The detection of binary black hole merger GW190521 confirmed the existence of black holes in the predicted mass range known as the pair-instability gap. Recent studies suggest that such massive black holes could be formed by the collision of evolved stars. However, the effects of the collision on the structure of the newly formed star and the amount of mass lost are still unclear.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mary Anne Limbach, Melinda Soares-Furtado, Andrew Vanderburg, William M. J. Best, Ann Marie Cody, Elena D'Onghia, Rene Heller, Brandon S. Hensley, Marina Kounkel, Adam Kraus, Andrew W. Mann, Massimo Robberto, Anna L. Rosen, Richard Townsend, Johanna M. Vos
Summary: We propose the design considerations for the TEMPO Survey with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, aiming to detect transiting exosatellites, moons, and planets in the Orion Nebula Cluster. The survey has sufficient photometric precision to monitor transiting satellites, and can also detect sub-Saturn mass FFPs via direct imaging. It will provide insights into exoplanet evolution and test theories of exosatellite formation and evolution.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aida Behmard, Melissa K. Ness, Emily C. Cunningham, Megan Bedell
Summary: The elemental abundances of planet host stars were analyzed to investigate planet forming environments. The individual abundances of known/candidate planet hosts in APOGEE were compared to a reference sample to test for statistical differences. Using a local linear model trained on ASPCAP abundance measurements, the abundances of twelve elements were predicted for both the planet hosts and their doppelgangers. It was found that the individual abundances at fixed parameters were unremarkable for known planet hosts.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Anne Noer Kolborg, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Davide Martizzi, Phillip Macias, Melinda Soares-Furtado
Summary: This study investigates the impact of turbulent mixing driven by core-collapse supernovae on the dispersal of the r-process abundance in galactic disks. The simulations reveal that the rate of r-process events compared to cc-SNe directly affects the shape of the r-process distribution in the interstellar medium. Additionally, it is found that cc-SNe can efficiently launch highly enriched galactic winds. Furthermore, the production rate of r-process elements in the Milky Way is constrained based on accurate reproduction of the mean and dispersion of [Eu/Fe] in metal-poor stars.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christopher E. O'Connor, Lars Bildsten, Matteo Cantiello, Dong Lai
Summary: About 10% of Sun-like stars will swallow a planet with a mass of 1-10 Jupiter masses during their evolution as red giants or asymptotic giants. Once engulfed, these planets spiral inward, depositing energy and angular momentum in the star's convective envelope. Different responses from the star and changes in asteroseismic indicators can be observed before and after the engulfment. Engulfment of massive planets on the asymptotic giant branch can cause a bright, red, dusty eruption similar to a luminous red nova. These events could be a significant fraction of low-luminosity red novae in the Galaxy. Conditions where the envelope is ejected prior to the planet's tidal disruption are not found.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander J. Dittmann, Adam S. Jermyn, Matteo Cantiello
Summary: This study explores the impact of the helium abundance in active galactic nuclei (AGN) disks on the evolution of embedded stars. It is found that higher helium mass fractions in the disks lead to more luminous stars and increased radiation-driven mass loss. Additionally, disks with higher helium mass fractions tend to have less massive embedded stars and are less likely to host immortal stars. These findings suggest that disk composition can affect electromagnetic and gravitational wave transients, as well as chemical enrichment by embedded stars.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kishalay De, Morgan MacLeod, Viraj Karambelkar, Jacob E. Jencson, Deepto Chakrabarty, Charlie Conroy, Richard Dekany, Anna-Christina Eilers, Matthew J. Graham, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Erin Kara, Mansi M. Kasliwal, S. R. Kulkarni, Ryan M. Lau, Abraham Loeb, Frank Masci, Michael S. Medford, Aaron M. Meisner, Nimesh Patel, Luis Henry Quiroga-Nunez, Reed L. Riddle, Ben Rusholme, Robert Simcoe, Lorant O. Sjouwerman, Richard Teague, Andrew Vanderburg
Summary: We observed a short-lived optical outburst accompanied by bright and long-lived infrared emission from a celestial body, which showed similarities with red novae. Through our research, we concluded that this eruption was caused by the engulfment of a planet of fewer than roughly ten Jupiter masses by a Sun-like star. The rate of such subluminous red novae in the Milky Way is estimated to be roughly between 0.1 and several per year.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Ariadna Garcia Carreno
Summary: This article analyzes the discourse employed by the female lyrical voices in "The Wife's Lament" and "Wulf and Eadwacer," highlighting how it differs from the discourse used by male elegiac voices. Drawing on the concept of female body self-awareness as the origin of écriture feminine, the article explores the possibility of finding a female identity beyond the patriarchal gender constructs of medieval Anglo-Saxon society.
ALPHA-REVISTA DE ARTES LETRAS Y FILOSOFIA
(2023)